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Transcript of EMPHYSEMA Linda Dao SBI3U .
EMPHYSEMAEMPHYSEMA
Linda Dao SBI3U
http://peer.tamu.edu/curriculum_modules/Properties/Module_5/images/Emphysema_poster.jpg
http://healthresources.caremark.com/Imagebank/IMissMyLung_30sht.jpg
http://www.meddean.luc.edu/Lumen/Meded/medicine/pulmonar/IMAGES/APD/EMPH.JPG
http://www.albany.edu/~rl1519/project2/cig2.jpg
What is Normal Lung Function?
http://www.cchs.co.uk/subjects/biology/gcse/resources/quizzes/breathing/lung-diagram.gif
THE ALVEOLI -expands during inhalation
-Contains blood vessels where oxygen enters and carbon dioxide exits
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Alveoli_diagram.png
What is emphysema? An irreversible lung disease characterized by the permanent enlargement of the
alveoli and the destruction of the walls between them Occurs in older adults Gradual and gets worse with time
http://medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/LUNGHTML/LUNG056.html
WHAT HAPPENS IN EMPHYSEMA
1) Irritants get stuck in lungs
2) Body reacts and send out specific enzymes
3) Enzymes eats up foreign substances PLUS lung tissue and alveolar elastic tissue
4) Alveoli becomes weak, fragile, stretched ..
5) Shortness of Breath, Collapsed Bronchioles, Less Oxygen, Bullas
http://health.allrefer.com/health/emphysema-emphysema.html
What causes emphysema? SMOKING Second hand smoke Air/environmental pollution Chemical fume exposure at work Genetic defect (Rare)
http://www.cls.yale.edu/lexis2/PD/content/cigarette.jpg
http://web.mat.bham.ac.uk/J.Fliege/showcases/olaf/fumes.jpg http://counties.cce.cornell.edu/wyoming/family/reality_check/cigarette.jpg
What are the symptoms of emphysema?
Wheezing Barrel-chested Fatigue Shortness of Breath Can’t tolerate exercise for long
http://www.after50health.com/images/image041.jpg
http://www.active.com/images/prod_sys/TiredGymWoman.jpghttp://www.multiplesklerose.ch/global/images/alltag/Muedigkeit_B180.jpg
What are the effects of emphysema?
Lack of oxygen (Hypoxemia) Carbon dioxide retention Stress on heart Cor Pulmonale Labored Breathing Destruction of alveoli/tissue Death
http://health.howstuffworks.com/emphysema-ga.htm
http://www.e-radiography.net/radpath/c/cor_pulmonale1.jpg
Destroyed Alveoli turning into a Bulla
**demonstration**
How is emphysema diagnosed? Physical exam and interview Chest CT Scan/Chest X-Ray Pulmonary Function test Peak Flow Monitoring Spirometer
http://www.sleh.com/sleh/images/thumbs/spirometry.jpg
http://www.med.miami.edu/med/pulmonarymed/images/emphysema.jpg
How is emphysema treated?-incurable and irreversible
1) Quit smoking, eliminate aggravating factors
2) Medications - Inhaled/Oral Corticosteroids
- Bronchodilators - Expectorants
3) Surgical (uncommon) - Bullectomy- Lung Volume Reduction Surgery (LVRS)- Lung Transplant
4) Other-Breathing exercises -Supplementary Oxygen
http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/8/89/180px-AsthmaInhaler.jpg
http://www.cadilapharma.com/images/products/gen_sneezy.jpg
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What are the future outlooks and research?
Medication-focused- Current drugs being studied for side
effects, long-term benefits, effectiveness- Retinoic acid- Find better drugs
Surgical Developments-Effectiveness and long term results of LVRS -New surgical treatment announced this year
http://cdmrp.army.mil/graphics/microscope_big.jpg
How can I prevent emphysema?
Not only does this decreases chances of emphysema, it reduces chances of many other diseases, cancers etc.
Avoid Second-hand Smoke Avoid Air Pollution and Chemical Fume Exposure
http://healthresources.caremark.com/Imagebank/IMissMyLung_30sht.jpghttp://www.bijlmakers.com/images/NoSmoking2.gif
DON’T SMOKE!!!
References American Lung Association. (2006). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) factsheet. Retrieved
October 15, 2006 on the World Wide Web: <http://www.lungusa.org/site/pp.asp?c=dvLUK9OUEeb=33020>
Canadian Lung Association. (2006). Emphysema. Retrieved October 15, 2006 on the World Wide Web: <http://www.lung.ca/disease-maladies/a-z/emphysema_emphyseme/index_e.php>
Hodder, Rick & Livingstone, Susan. (2003). Every breath I take: A guide to living with COPD. Toronto: Key Porter Books.
Litin, Scott C. (Ed.) (2003). Mayo Clinic family health book (3rd ed.). New York: Harper Collins.
Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research (2005). Emphysema. Retrieved October 15, 2006 on the World Wide Web: <http://mayoclinic.com / health/emphysema/DS00296>
Schachter, Neil. (2003). Life and breath: Preventing, treating and reversing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. New York: Broadway Books.
Sharma, Sat. (2006).Emphysema. Retrieved November 24, 2006 on the World Wide Web: <http://emedicine.com/med/topic654.html>
Slezak, Jane A.(2002). Emphysema. In Magill’s Medical Guide (Vol. 1, pp. 735-740). Hackensack: Salem Press, Inc.
The University of Chicago Hospitals. (2006). Pulmonary emphysema. Retrieved October 15, 2006 on the World Wide Web: <http://www.uchospitals.edu/online_library/content_P01309>