Emissions Solutions

Al GrayTechnical Communicator

Cashman Equipment

What is Driving California Regulations

Clean Air Act • Federal Implementation Plan• State Implementation Plan• State of California out in front of the Fed’s• Diesel particulate matter (PM) listed as toxic air

contaminant (TAC) • Diesel Risk Reduction Plan• 75% reduction by 2010• 85% reduction by 2020• Staff manages the rule development process • ARB Board adopts the rules –other states can also

adopt.

Emission Trends

Definitions

• BACT: Best Available Control Technology

• VDECS: Verified Diesel Emissions Control System

• CARB: California Air Research Board

• DOORS: Diesel Off-Road Online Reporting System

Vehicle Applicability• Regulation applies to all off-highway, self propelled, diesel vehicles greater than or equal to 25 hp

that operate in California

• “Off-Road” means cannot be registered or driven safely on-road

Vehicle global exemptions are:

• Vehicles used greater than ½ of their time for agriculture

• Marine, Recreational, Combat/Tactical Support, Locomotives, Port and Intermodal Rail yard equipment

• Dedicated emergency or snow removal vehicles

• Specialty vehicles

• Low-use vehicles (operated less than 100 hours annually in the state of California)

• The information for exempt vehicles is required for yearly reporting, but are not included in any of the calculations

Achieving Compliance• Each fleet must be compliant for NOx and PM each year

(except small fleets for NOx)There are two paths for achieving compliance each year• Target• Best available control technology (BACT)These methods can be changed year to year• Extreme example for a large or medium fleet• Year 1, PM BACT and NOx target• Year 2, PM target and NOx BACT• Year 3, PM BACT and NOx BACT

Requirements by Fleet Size • Large Fleet

– HP > 5,000– Initial report on April 1, 2009– First emissions compliance date is March 1, 2010– Subject to NOx and PM requirements

• Medium Fleet – HP > 2,501 & <5,000 – Initial report on June 1, 2009– First emissions compliance date is March 1, 2013– Subject to NOx and PM requirements

• Small Fleet –– HP < 2500 – Initial report on August 1, 2009– First emissions compliance date is March 1, 2015– Subject to only PM requirements

BACT for NOx• Before 2015 requires 8% per year of fleet horsepower to be retired,

or replaced or repowered with higher tier vehicle –i.e Tier 2 or better;

• 10% after 2015 • Start with lowest tiered engines • No Tier 0 equipment can be added after March 2009• Vehicles re-designated as low-use count as turnover• Exemptions:• Vehicles less than 10 years old, • Specialty vehicles,• Vehicles retrofitted within last 6 years with highest VDECS,• Engines meeting the Tier 4 interim or final standards• No turnover requirement until 2013 if all vehicles with Tier 0 engines

have been turned over for NOx

General Requirements

• Each vehicle labeled CARB-issued ID number• Vehicle idling limited to 5 consecutive minutes • Exceptions -machines in queue, safety inspections,

etc.• Will require a written policy by May 2009

Caterpillar Emissions Tool

Cat Tool Fleet Data

Proposed Modifications

Rules for Adding Vehicles• Beginning March 1, 2009, no Tier 0 engines can be

added to an owner’s fleet this includes Tier 0’s that are equipped with a DPF already

• The following apply only during the years that the fleet is required to report– For fleets meeting fleet average targets, new fleet averages

must be compliant within three months of a vehicle’s addition– For large and medium fleets using BACT, additional vehicles

must have at least Tier 2 engines and a NOx emissions factor equal to or better than the NOx fleet average target for the most recent compliance date

– For small fleets using BACT, the additional vehicle must have at least a Tier 2 engine

Compliance Dates

After Treatment

Web PagePlease visit www.cat.com

Filters

Installed DPF Filter

SummaryWe trust that the information presented will assist you in making knowledgeable emission decisions as it relates to:

Equipment repowersEquipment retrofit optionsRegistered equipment rental from Cashman for use in CaliforniaEquipment fleet planning and optimization in order to meet CARB regulationsFleet compliance reporting

For additional questions pertaining to Emissions, please contact your PSSR (Product Support Sales Representative).

Thank you! Q & A