Emission characteristics by DPF regeneration and Ash ...
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Korea Institute of Energy Research Emission characteristics by DPF regeneration and Ash contents in 1.6 L CRDI Diesel Vehicle Jinyoung Jang , Youngjae Lee*, Ohseok Kwon (KIER), Background &Objective Test apparatus S U M M A R Y 1) The PN, THC, NOx and CO2 emissions and fuel consumption during DPF regeneration were higher than without those at DPF regeneration state. Especially, PN increased over 10 5 times. 2) The THC, CO and NOx and fuel consumption with new DPF was lower than those with old DPF because of the lower del. P and catalytic activity. 3) The length of loaded ash inside DPF measured by x-CT was shorter than that of direct measurement. The shape of ash observed by microscope looks like piles of sand. 4) Ash Over 50% of Ash is composed of Zn, Ca and P elements that were main lubricant’s additives. Soot were coexist with ash at inlet area of DPF. From inner space to DPF’s wall, C element and additive elements of lubricant was detected by SEM-EDS. In a Diesel vehicle, PM and PN are hot issues. But DPF makes the emission from diesel vehicle clean. During regeneration of DPF, the emission was increased and ash was remained in DPF channel. Ash remains in DPF and slowly increases the back pressure. It is reason why DPF replacement is needed in higher mileage diesel vehicle. Determination of engine oil contribution in the exhausted PM through physical and chemical analysis methods. Minseob Lee (Hanyang Univ.) Dongyoung Jin, Chalee Myung, Simsoo Park (Korea Univ.) * Corresponding author: Youngjae Lee ([email protected]) <FE-SEM> (Imaging& analysis) <PPS-m> (PM # Counter) <x-CT> (Imaging) <XRF> (Analysis) <Exhaust gas Analyzer> <Chassis Dyno. system> Model (Manufacturer) Accent (Hyundai) Fuel type Diesel Boost Turbo Injection type CRDI Displacement 1.6 Engine Oil 5W-30 Model year 2011 Odometer 167,068 km <Test Vehicle & Spec> 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 400 600 800 DPF Upstream Temperature NOx THC CO2 PN Time (s) DPF Upstream Temperature ( o C) 0 200 400 600 800 CO2 (%) NOx, THC (ppm) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 0 1x10 6 2x10 6 3x10 6 4x10 6 End Regeneration Heating PN (x 10 6 #/cm 3 ) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 DPF Upstream Temperature ( o C) Time (s) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 DPF △ P (kPa) 0 1x10 6 2x10 6 3x10 6 DPF Upstream Temperature DPF △ P Particle Number Vehicle Speed PN (x 10 6 #/cm 3 ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Vehicle Speed (km/h) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Vehicle Speed DPF Upstream Temperature DPF△ P Particle Number Vehicle Speed (km/h) DPF Upstream Temperature ( o C) 0 5 10 15 20 Time (s) DPF △ P (kPa) PN (x 10 6 #/cm 3 ) 0.0 2.0x10 6 4.0x10 6 6.0x10 6 0 200 400 600 800 10 5 ↑ 50%↑ 40↑ 100%↑ <DPF regeneration at Idle state> <DPF regeneration at 90 km/h> <DPF regeneration at FTP-75 mode> <Length of PM> <Zone of PM in DPF> <PM component analyzed by SEM-EDS at 4 th zone> <PM component analyzed XRF> Red brown by Iron oxide soot and ash 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Vehicle Speed (km/h) Vehicle Speed Old DPF △ P New DPF △ P Time (s) Phase 1 (cold start) Phase 2 Phase 3 (hot start) Soaking Time (600 s) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 DPF △ P (kPa) <Old Vs. New DPF> Del P of New DPF lower than Old DPF This research was financially supported by the Korea Auto-oil Program. Acknowledgments RESULTS DPF regeneration PM & Ash analysis
Transcript of Emission characteristics by DPF regeneration and Ash ...
Korea Institute of Energy Research
Emission characteristics by DPF regeneration and Ash contents in 1.6 L CRDI Diesel Vehicle
Jinyoung Jang, Youngjae Lee*, Ohseok Kwon (KIER),
Background&Objective
Test apparatus
SUMMARY
1) The PN, THC, NOx and CO2 emissions and fuel consumption during DPF regeneration were higher than without those at DPF regeneration state.Especially, PN increased over 105 times.
2) The THC, CO and NOx and fuel consumption with new DPF was lower than those with old DPF because of the lower del. P and catalytic activity.3) The length of loaded ash inside DPF measured by x-CT was shorter than that of direct measurement. The shape of ash observed by microscope looks
like piles of sand.4) Ash Over 50% of Ash is composed of Zn, Ca and P elements that were main lubricant’s additives. Soot were coexist with ash at inlet area of DPF.
From inner space to DPF’s wall, C element and additive elements of lubricant was detected by SEM-EDS.
In a Diesel vehicle, PM and PN are hot issues. But DPF makes the emission from diesel vehicle clean.
During regeneration of DPF, the emission was increased and ash was remained in DPF channel.
Ash remains in DPF and slowly increases the back pressure. It is reason why DPF replacement is needed in higher mileage diesel vehicle.
Determination of engine oil contribution in the exhausted PM through physical and chemical analysis methods.
Minseob Lee (Hanyang Univ.)
Dongyoung Jin, Chalee Myung, Simsoo Park (Korea Univ.)
* Corresponding author: Youngjae Lee ([email protected])
<FE-SEM>(Imaging&analysis)
<PPS-m>(PM # Counter)
<x-CT>(Imaging)
<XRF>(Analysis)
<Exhaust gas Analyzer>
<Chassis Dyno. system>
Model(Manufacturer)
Accent(Hyundai)
Fuel type Diesel
Boost Turbo
Injection type CRDI
Displacement 1.6
Engine Oil 5W-30
Model year 2011
Odometer 167,068 km
<Test Vehicle & Spec>
0 200 400 600 800 1000
0
200
400
600
800
DPF Upstream Temperature NOx THC CO2 PN
Time (s)
DP
F U
pstr
eam
Tem
pera
ture
(oC
)
0
200
400
600
800
CO
2 (
%)
NO
x, T
HC
(p
pm
)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0
1x106
2x106
3x106
4x106
End Regeneration Heating
PN
(x
10
6 #
/cm
3)
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
DP
F U
pstr
ea
m T
em
pe
ratu
re (
oC
)
Time (s)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
DP
F △
P (
kP
a)
0
1x106
2x106
3x106
DPF Upstream Temperature DPF △ P Particle Number Vehicle Speed
PN
(x 1
06 #
/cm
3)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ve
hic
le S
pee
d (
km
/h)
0 500 1000 1500 2000 25000
20
40
60
80
100
120
Vehicle Speed
DPF Upstream Temperature
DPF△ P
Particle Number
Veh
icle
Sp
ee
d (
km
/h)
DP
F U
pstr
eam
Tem
pera
ture
(oC
)
0
5
10
15
20
Time (s)
DP
F △
P (
kP
a)
PN
(x
10
6 #
/cm
3)
0.0
2.0x106
4.0x106
6.0x106
0
200
400
600
800 105↑50%↑
40↑ 100%↑
<DPF regeneration at Idle state> <DPF regeneration at 90 km/h>
<DPF regeneration at FTP-75 mode>
<Length of PM><Zone of PM in DPF>
<PM component analyzed by SEM-EDS at 4th zone>
<PM component analyzed XRF>
Red brown by Iron oxide soot and ash
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 24000
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ve
hic
le S
pe
ed
(k
m/h
)
Vehicle Speed
Old DPF △ P New DPF △ P
Time (s)Phase 1 (cold start) Phase 2 Phase 3 (hot start)
Soaking Time (600 s)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
DP
F △
P (
kP
a)
<Old Vs. New DPF>
Del P of New DPF lower than Old DPF
This research was financially supported by the Korea Auto-oil Program.Acknowledgments
RESULTS
DPF regeneration
PM & Ash analysis
