Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards Presented by Khaled Amer e-mail: [email protected]...

Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards

Presented by

Khaled Amer

e-mail: [email protected]: www.amernet.net

IEEE OC ComSig

Khaled AmerSeptember 2001

ComTech 2001Emerging Networking

Technologies and Standards

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Agenda• Introductions and announcements Introductions and announcements • New Network technologies and standards

– IEEE 802 standards• Other networking standards

– IEEE 1394 – IETF/ITU standards– Broadband Mobile Systems

• Discussions




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Introductions

Speaker: Khaled Amer: President and founder of AmerNet

Focus on architecture analysis and performance modeling for communications and networking chips and systems

Currently chairman of the IEEE 802.17 performance committee

Active voting member of several IEEE 802 committees Several publications and papers on network architecture and

performance related topics in networks and communication systems




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Announcement:IEEE - OC Workshop

EMERGING NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES

• One Day Two-Track Workshop• Saturday, March 2nd, 2001• Place: TBD




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Announcement:IEEE - OC WorkshopPresented By

THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS

Orange County Joint Chapter of theCommunications Society & Signal

Processing Society (ComSig)




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• Seven information-packed sessions presented by world leaders in Network technologies

• Topics will include:– Two Keynote Speakers

• Network Technologies: Speed Bumps and Opportunities by Colin Mick

• New Trends in Network Technologies and Markets by Michael Pietrobono




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– In Depth Sessions On:• Configurable DSP Technology• Network Processors• LAN/WAN Convergence with 10 Gigabit Ethernet• Resilient Packet Rings for Metropolitan Area Networks• Next Generation Broadband-to-Home Gateway

Processors

For additional details and registration information

website: http://www.comsoc.org/comsig




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Agenda• Introductions and announcements• New Network technologies and standardsNew Network technologies and standards

– IEEE 802 standards• Other networking standards

– IEEE 1394– IETF/ITU standards– Broadband Mobile Systems

• Discussions




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Examples of New Network Technologies ...• High speed LANs

– 1Gbps, 10 Gbps ...

• Wireless LANs– 11 Gbps, 55 Mpbs coming soon ...

• Wireless PANs– Bluetooth, Bluetooth 2 ...

• High speed MANs (Fiber Rings)• Many more ...




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Why Network Standards?

• Ensure proper interoperability

• Open specification leads to more competition and lower cost to the end-user

• Enables mixing and matching between vendor equipment and not being locked up with one vendor




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Examples of Network Standard Organizations• IEEE 802 standards

– For LANs and MANs• IEEE 1394

– For transporting video and data• IETF

– For the Internet and TCP/IP protocols• ITU

– For WANs• Others




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IEEE Standards• Over 40 active IEEE standards working groups

covering multiple areas as:– Information technology– Power and Energy– Instrumentation and measurements– Power Electronics– Electromagnetics– Others

(All listed at http://grouper.ieee.org/)




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IEEE Stds Board• Encourages and coordinates the

development of IEEE standards

• Approves initiation of new IEEE

• standards projects

• Reviews IEEE standards for consensus, process, openness and balance

• Gives final approval for IEEE standards




IEEE 802 Local and Metropolitan

Area Network Standards Committee

• Accredited by ANSI, Sponsored by IEEE Computer Society

• Part of the Information Technology working group area in the IEEE Standards covering standards like:– Ethernet, Token Ring, Wireless LANs, Bluetooth,

Bridging, VLAN, Security




IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee (cont.)

• Meets three times per year– March, July, November– Participants: about 800 - 1000 individuals

• IEEE 802 web site at: – http://www.ieee802.org

• Current Chair: – Jim Carlo ([email protected])




IEEE 802 Standards Principals

• Process – Rules and Procedures

• Consensus– Near unanimity

• Openness– Everyone has Access to Process

– Individuals, World-wide

• Balance– Balloting group must include developers and users

• Right to Appeal– Both procedural and technical anytime during the process




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IEEE 802 ORGANIZATION

802.3CSMA/CD

Geoff Thompson

802.11WIRELESSStuart Kerry

802.1BRIDGING/ARCH

Tony Jeffries

ACTIVE WORKING GROUPSand CHAIRS

VICE CHAIRPaul Nikolich

RECORDING SECHoward Frazier

TREASURERBob Grow

EXECUTIVE SECBuzz Rigsbee

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

CHAIRJim Carlo

LMSC SPONSOR

802.16BWA

Roger Marks

802.15WPAN

Bob Heile

802.17RPR

Mike Takefman




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IEEE 802 Active Working Groups (WG)

• 802.1 LAN protocols infrastructure

• 802.3 Ethernet

• 802.11 Wireless LANs

• 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks

• 802.16 Wireless Broadband Access

• 802.17 Resilient Packet Rings




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IEEE 802 Working Groups in Hibernation

• 802.2 LLC• 802.4 TOKEN BUS • 802.5 TOKEN RING• 802.6 DQDB MAN• 802.7 BROADBAND• 802.10 SECURITY• 802.12 DEMAND PRIORITY




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IEEE 802 DisbandedWorking Groups

• 802.8 FIBER TAG • 802.14 CABLE-TV




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Let’s Get started!

Technical Overview

of

IEEE 802 standards




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IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet)

• 802.3 (10 BASE-T)– runs over 2 pairs of Cat-3 UTP copper cabling

• 802.3u (Fast Ethernet or 100 BASE-T)– runs over 2 pairs of Cat-5 UTP copper cabling

• 802.3z (Gigabit Ethernet or 1000 BASE-X)– runs on fiber




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IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) ...

• 802.3ab (1000 BASE-T)– Gigabit Ethernet over 4 pairs of Cat-5 UTP

copper cabling– Standard approved and published (July 99)

• 802.3ad (Link Aggregation)– Standard approved and published

in March 2000




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802.3ae (10 G Ethernet)

• Intense ‘discussions’ to select speed:– 9.58464 Gbps– 10.00000 Gbps




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802.3ae (cont.) Compromise Decision:

Extend the 802.3 protocol to an operating speed of 10 Gb/s and to expand the Ethernet application space to include WAN links. This is to be accomplished by having:

One common MAC Two PHYs:

A PHY for LANs at 10 Gbps A PHY for WANs at 9.58464 Gbps

(compatible with SONET OC-192)




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802.3ae (cont.) Started with17 proposals for PHYs! Distances:

100 m over installed MMF 300 m over MMF 2 km over SMF 10 km over SMF 40 km over SMF

Target completion date of 10G standard:

March 2002




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802.3ae (cont.)

10 G Ethernet for the WAN is a VERY

significant development: Ethernet becomes available in LAN/MAN/WAN Ethernet tries to achieve what ATM failed

Unifying the LAN and WAN environment

Opens the door for Ethernet Rings in MANs and WANs along with SONET Rings IEEE 802.17




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802.3ah (Ethernet in the First Mile)• PAR approved July 2001 to augment the

MAC and PHY specifications of IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) to expand the application of Ethernet to include subscriber access networks

• This will provide a significant increase in the performance while minimizing equipment, operation and maintenance costs




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802.11 (WLAN)Overview• Common MAC

• Multiple PHYs:– 2.4 GHz frequency hopping spread spectrum

• 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps

– 2.4 GHz direct sequence spread spectrum• 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps

– Infra-red• 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps




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802.11 Overview (cont.)

– Higher data rate extension at 2.4 GHz (802.11b)• 11 Mbps (currently available)

• 5.5 Mbps fall back rate, as well as 2 & 1 Mbps

– Higher data rate extension at 5 GHz (802.11a)• 9-54 Mbps

• Current draft approved

• Should be available soon

• Interoperability and conflicts issues between

802.11a, HIPERLANB2/MMAC




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• Data rates higher than 20 Mbps• Interoperable with 802.11b• Investigate other performance improvements• Selection process to continue at the Jan 2001 interim

meeting




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802.11 Market• Available data rates: 1, 2, 11 Mbps• Available for ISA, PCI and PCMCIA cards• Used in laptops, hand held devices, PDAs and

desktops• Currently mostly used in vertical markets• Expected to move into more

horizontal markets soon




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Future Enhancements to 802.11• QoS features

– Enable streaming for multimedia apps

• More security– Encryption– Authentication

• Better interoperability• Coexistance with other wireless technologies




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802.15 (Bluetooth for WPAN)

Objective to integrate Bluetooth

technology into 802 LAN environments Designed to network devices within a

Personal Operating Space (POS) like PCs, cell phones, pagers, PDAs, printers, fax machines, digital cameras, speakers

and others … Target completion date: Dec 2001




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802.15 Bluetooth Technology

• Wireless link connecting personal devices

• Low-cost, short range (0 - 10 meters) personal area networks (PAN)

• Initiated by Nokia, Toshiba, Ericsson, Intel and IBM

• Currently supported by over 2000

companies

• Faces some challenges




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802.15 Bluetooth Technology (cont.)

• Intended to have lower cost, smaller size and less power than 802.11 devices

• Effective power management reduces power consumption to 20 mW or less

• Uses frequency hopping spread spectrum– 1600 hops/sec

• Operates at 2.4 GHz




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802.15 Bluetooth Technology (cont.)

• Gross data rate 19.2 - 100 Kbps

• Can support up to 1 Mbps

• Supports asynchronous transmission

as well as up to three simultaneous

synchronous voice channels

• Security features – Encryption and authentication




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Proposed High Rate 802.15

• Suggestions for BW to be at least 20 Mbps to satisfy some of the MM requirements

• PHY adopted in Nov 2000 operating at 2.4 GHz

• Significant interest in having PHY at 5 GHz– An option to be further investigated

• Objective to complete standard early in 2002




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Proposed High Rate 802.15 ...

• Discussions to provide location awareness: Purpose is to improve usability of portable devices Ability to identify relative location of one transceiver with

respect to another Would help to locate, identify, and discriminate among

users in crowded environments Provisions must be made to propagate location information

to higher layers of the stack




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Suggestions for Low Rate 802.15

• PAR approved by WG in Nov 2000

• Intended for monitoring devices that send signals periodically (e.g.. every second)




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802.16 Overview

PHY and MAC of single-point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access system

Enables transport of data, video and voice Applies to systems operating in the

vicinity of 30 GHz Also broadly applicable to systems

operating between 10 and 66 GHz




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802.16 market Wireless technology that offers services similar to

wired broadband access technologies like: DSL Digital cable TV ISDN Aggregated telephony-oriented connections (e.g.. T1,

E1, ISDN, etc.)

Not meant to focus on low throughput voice-based access systems such as cellular or digital mobile telephone systems




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Wireless Network Positioning

WWAN

Outdoors

Indoors

Office

Fixed

Walk

Vehicle

Premise

Mobility

155 Mb/s2020.5

WMAN

WPANWLAN




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802.17 Overview

• New 802 Project approved by IEEE Standards Board Dec. 2000 as IEEE 802.17 Resilient Packet Ring WG

• Packet Ring Access Protocol for use in Local, Metropolitan and Wide Area Networks

• Transfer of packets at rates scalable to many gigabits per second.

• Will use existing Physical Layer specifications and may develop new PHYs where appropriate.




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• For LANs, MANs and WANs• Dual counter rotating rings• Very high speed (10G and maybe higher)• Fault tolerant (resiliency feature)• Allows data, video, multimedia … etc.• Tentative target completion date: YE 2002




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Resilient Packet Rings (RPR)

RPR Ring




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What is an RPR

• Dual Counter Rotating Rings– Both rings carry traffic all of the time

• Media Independence – Scalable in bit-rate, # nodes, span distance

– OC-48c & OC-192c SONET/SDH

– 1Gb/s & 10 Gb/s Ethernet

• Destination Stripping of variable length uni-cast packets– Spatial re-use increases BW efficiency of ring




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What is an RPR (cont.)

• Distributed Bandwidth Management & Congestion Control

• Protection Mechanism– Achieve sub 50 ms. Protection

• Class Of Service capability• Plug and Play• Support of large MTU (9216 Bytes) is being

investigated




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Overview

of some other

Network Standards




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What is IEEE 1394?

• A feature-rich serial interface capable of high data transfer rates

• Being positioned to become the convergence connection.

• A universal interconnect, capable of connecting computer peripherals and consumer A/V devices

• Sometimes referred to as Firewire




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Goals of IEEE 1394

• Low cost, high performance peripheral bus

• Capable of transferring:– Asynchronous streams (for data)– Isochronous streams (for audio/video)

• Support computer and consumer electronics systems




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1394 Today

• 1394 Trade Association has over 100 members representing S/W, silicon, peripherals, systems, CE.

• 1394 products available now:– Consumer Electronics (CE):

• camcorders, digital VCRs, monitor-top cameras

– Computing• Host adapters, capture cards, digital video cards




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1394 Applications

• Video editing and presentation

• Digital Video applications

• Desktop publishing

• Document imaging

• Games and home multimedia

• High speed interconnect for digital devices

• Isochronous connection for computer, consumer and peripheral applications




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IEEE 1394 Solution

DTV

DVD Movie

CamcorderDVCRHDD

Stereo Camera

Scanner

Printer

Computer

DVD/CD ROM

STOPREW FFRECVHS

Set-top box

STOPREW FFRECVHS

Web/Service

Proders

vi




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Isochronous vs. Asynchronous Isochronous – Occurs on regular boundaries

(125us)

– Are unacknowledged

– Occur “just in time”

– Broadcast to all channels

– Have BW reserved

– Guaranteed timing

– Never retry Late data is useless

Asynchronous – Occurs on a “First come, first

served” basis

– Are acknowledged

– Occurs “as fast as possible”

– Are addressed explicitly

– Use available BW

– Guaranteed delivery

– Reliability of data transfer(Retries are OK)




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IETF Standards

• IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force

• Establish standards for the Internet

• Lots of Enhancements to TCP/IP to accommodate the Internet explosion

• Activities grouped into working areas, each having several working groups

• Info available at www.ietf.org




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IETF Standards ...

• Examples of IETF Working Areas:– Internet area– Applications area– Transport area– Security area– Operations and Management area– Routing area




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IETF Standards ...

• Examples of working groups in an area like the Transport area:– Diff Serv– IP telephony– Audio/Video transport– Integrated services– RSVP– Others




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ITU Standards

• Audiovisual services on various networks– H.32x family

• Video Codecs for audiovisual services– H.261 (video coding for higher bit rates– H.263 (video coding for low bit rates)

• Frame structure for video across networks– H.221




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H.32x Family of specifications

• Operate truly as a family

• Each recognizes the other members

• Designed to inter-operate together and provide similar functionality




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H.32x (cont.)

• H.320– Audio/video on ISDN

• H.321– Audio/video on private ATM networks

• H.322– Audio/video on LANs which provide a

guaranteed QoS (e.g.. ISO-Ethernet aka. 802.9)




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H.32x (cont.)

• H.323– Audiovisual on LANs with no guaranteed QoS– Designed to work with several protocols from

the IETF• Uses UDP for audio and video

• Uses TCP for data conferencing, conference control and signaling




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Other Technologies and Standards

• DSL

• Cable Modem

• Broadband Mobile Systems

• Other wireless broadband technologies

• Fibre Channel

• SAN and NAS (network attached storage)




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CDMA Technologies

• Example of a Broadband Mobile system

• CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access

• Uses Spread Spectrum technology at 1.25 MHz

• Data rates from 144 Kbps to 2 Mbps

• Higher voice quality and support for QoS




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So … What’s ahead?

In the next few years

we’ll be laughing at

the dark ages of the

20th century!!!




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Some InformativeWeb Sites

• http://www.ieee802.org• http://www.wirelessethernet.com• http://www.bluetooth.com• http://www.ietf.org• http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/index.html• http://www.1394ta.org/• http://www.zayante.com/html/IEEEinfo/IEEEcom.html

(For IEEE 1394 standard)

• http://www.ansi.org/




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Discussions




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For More Information

Contact AmerNet

• Phone Number (949) 552-1114

• Web site:www.amernet.net

• E-mail address

[email protected]

Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards Presented by Khaled Amer e-mail: [email protected]...

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Transcript of Emerging Networking Technologies and Standards Presented by Khaled Amer e-mail: [email protected]...