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DISPLACEMENT ON THE RISEIMPACT IN TIMES OF ADVERSITY

Displacement on the RiseImpact in times of adversity

CONTENT01 Introduction 0602 UnderstandingDifferences 0803 Refugees 10 The Journey 12

Emotional State 14

Integration in Society 16

Refugees seek Asylum 17

04 Migration 18 Pros and Cons 19

Increasing Migration 20

Decreasing Migration 20

Productivity in local economies 21

06 Bibliography 22

TH KölnKöln International School of DesignMA Integrated Design

Emerging Design IssuesProf. Philipp Heidkamp

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Migration is shown as an uprising issue to an estimated 232 million people, stated by the The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in 2013, currently living outside their country of origin. Migrants are often to be found leaving in search for opportunities and security in better locations. Refugees are also one of the main reasons recording Syria as one of the highest percentages in displacement. Consequences are inevitable as a huge percentage of migrants and refugees endure human rights violations, discrimination, and exploitation.

INTRODUCTION

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My research can take me on two potential paths, each transforming into reliable outcomes. However, in order to decide on a potential path, it is important to explore and understand the two factors in depths.

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UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENCESIn the ongoing migrant crisis, there has been a great deal of confusion incontext.Thereisasignificantdifferencebetweenasylumseekers,refugees, and migrants which not onlycarriesdifferentassociationsforresearch, but also legal obligations.

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MIGRANT

Although the word spreads negative reactions and enforces prejudices, it used to be a neutral word. Migrants move internally within their own country or to another country to work and/or seek a better life or otherwise called “economic migrant”. When the circumstances arisewheremigrantsfleeconflictorpersecution,the term transforms to “refugee”.

ASYLUM SEEKERS

Asylum Seekers wait for a decision on their application claim to take refuge in a country. With an estimated 173,100 asylum applications, Germany was the largest recipient of new asylum claims in 2014. US came in second with an estimated 121,200 applications, and UK third with 31,300 applications by the end of the year.

REFUGEE

War, persecution, or natural disaster are one of the main reasons as to why people are forced to leave their country. The term isfurtherdefinedbythe1951 Convention, a key legal document explaining the rights and legal obligations of countries. The UN Refugee Agency confirmedthatattheend of 59.5 2014 million people have been forcibly displacedasconflictserupt in Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. The journey showed miserable consequences as it claimed 2,000 lives who were trying to cross the Mediterranean sea.

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TURKEY 1,698,472

LEBANON 1,183,109

JORDAN 625,178

IRAQ 244,731

EGYPT 136,661

REFUGEES

The situation becomes dangerous as war, persecution, or natural disasters occur. People cross international borders and become refugees, or relocation to other area within their own country as internally displaced persons. A lot of the times, they are forced to escape persecution of religious and political beliefs, as result of war, or an increasing consequence of climate change such as earthquakes or volcano eruption. As a result,apersonfleeingtheircountryoforiginsendures racial discrimination and many others.

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TURKEY 1,698,472

LEBANON 1,183,109

JORDAN 625,178

IRAQ 244,731

EGYPT 136,661

As the conflict enters a fifth year, over 3.9 million Syrians are refugees

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THE JOURNEY

The journey to other countries or relocation within their own country becomes one’s means of survival and manydifficultiesoccuralongtheway.Primecasesthatwe can look more deeply into is in the case of the Syrian Refugee’s journey to European countries. The estimated journey takes a minimum of 7 to 20daystotheirfinaldestination. Syrian refugees begin their journey from Syria to neighboring countries such as Egypt, Lebanon, andTurkey.Afterwards,theymakeadealwithtraffickerstocrosseitherviaseaorlandtothefirsteuropeancountry, most knowingly Greece, Italy, and Macedonia. OncetheyreachthefirstEuropeancountry,theyareforced to stay till they are permitted to move to another country.ThelawstatethatthefirstEUcountryistherefugee’sfirstsettlementtothatcountry.Then,SyrianRefugees travel to neighboring countries through Serbia, Hungary,andAustriatoreachtheirfinaldestinationtowesternEuropeancountries.Alongtheway,theysufferphysical and mental abuse which would otherwise leave them desperate.

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SYRIAN JOURNEY: CHOOSE YOUR OWN ESCAPE ROUTE

BBC World News created an interactive game based on true stories of Syrians who made their journey to Europe. Theanimationprovidesdifferentscenariosthatkeepspeople engaged in the story. Also, it gives them a deeper understanding of dilemmas the refugees face along the way.

Research by Mamdouh Akbiek, Eloise DickerIllustrations by Gerry Fletcher. Design and production by Charlotte Thornton, Marcelo Zanni, Dominic Bailey, Adipat Virdi

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-#32057601Syrianjourney

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EMOTIONAL STATE

The social implications of emotions such as fear, anxiety, depression, vulnerability, helplessness, resentment, and bitterness are one of many emotions of how refugees cope with their displacement and its consequences. Refugees greatlysufferthattheyhavelosttheirwayoflife,their social networks, and a pattern that gave them meaning and life. As lack of cohesive emotions arise, their cultural origin and lifestyle gives comfort to their situation.

The objective of this study is to understand the behavioral and emotional problems of refugee adults who have relocated to another country. In order to understand their situation better, we develop activities to determine their current emotional state as it deepens our perspective in potential directions.

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SYRIAN CHILD LEAVES GERMAN POLICE SPEECHLESS

Deutsche Welle reported the image of a syrian refugee girl presentedtoapoliceofficerduringtheirstayinthePassaurefugee registration center. Since then, the drawing has been retweeted nearly 7,000 times with the hashtags #sprachlos and #Fluechtlingskrise.

http://www.dw.com/en/syria-refugee-childs-drawing-leaves-german-police-speechless/a18743093-

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INTEGRATION IN SOCIETY

Integration initially entitles membership, identity, shared values, and rights of participation at the individual and community level. They experience difficultyincommunicationastheylackknowledgeof the local language and the community’s culture. Occasionally, they undergo discrimination and unreceptive attitudes as foreigners. The community mighthavealackofunderstandingtohostspecificsituation of refugees in societies. Also, limited access to rights such as freedom to wander or inability to work enables psychological impact of protracted inactivity.

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REFUGEES SEEK ASYLUM

Millions of refugees have little hope of returning to theirhomelandwhenengulfedbyendlessconflicts.An ongoing war of 5 years has left 4 million syrians as refugees or internally displaced. UNHCR estimates that, during the past decade, 1.1 million refugees around the world became citizens in their country of asylum. More specifically,morethan300,000 refugees seek asylum in Germany stated by a 2015 report.

Icon CreditImmigrants by Luis Prado from the Noun ProjectGermany by Fien Robbe from the Noun Project

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MIGRATION

People migrate due to economic, social, political, and/or environmental reasons. Some choose to migrate for better economic and better social life and others are forced to migrate due to war andnaturaldisasters.Morespecifically,someofthe push factors that prompts people to relocate whether internally or externally are lack of services and safety, high crime, poverty, natural disasters, and war. The designated country has many pull factors that attract migrants such as higher employment, more wealth, better services, less crime, political stability, and lower risk of natural hazards.

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PROS AND CONS

Migration impacts on countries of origin,onhostcountries,andeffectsofincreased Migration locally.

Host countries have advantages to provide job vacancies and skills gaps canbefilled.Economicgrowthcanbesustained and services can be steady to an ageing population when there is insufficientpeoplelocally.Whilesomedisadvantages for impact on host countries can exploit migrants and having working to work for low pay may affectsmanagementefficiency.Onavery important note, unemployment may rise if there is no monitoring on number of incomers. Large movement of people lead to close security measures as it is may result in crime and people smuggling.

Countries of origins are interdependent withhowhostcountriesaffectthelocaleconomyaswellastheeffectsofchangein percentage levels of migrants. Some of the impact that advently better the situation are reduced percentage in unemployment and the enhancement of migrant workers in their life. Also, migrant bring back skills, savings, and international contacts which will help promote local economy in their country of origin. Nevertheless, the downside of migrants leaving their country of origin brings economic disadvantage through the loss of highly trained and healthyyoungworkers.Italsoaffectsthedisconnection of family members and the social implications on children.

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DECREASE MIGRATION

In the long run, huge amounts of immigration will weaken the home country by decreasing the population, the level of production, and economic spending. The situation would change once the country strengthens its local economy and increase in demand of labour. As a result, the impact of immigration on employment opportunities is dependent on time and place.

INCREASE MIGRATION

Even though migrants face difficultiesinemotionalchallenges or integration in society, they help sustain a satisfying labour supply to fuel the economic demands. Migrants have facilitated growth in economy, have apositiveinfluenceonthe productivity of local workers. They also have contributed new ideas as well create greater cultural links that will help in international trade.

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PRODUCTIVITY IN LOCAL ECONOMIES

Local Economy activism was established in 2009 since the rise of the recession. Resilience framework is a new strategic conceptual model maps out how our local economies operate through public, social and commercial economies representations. The resilience model emphasizes on public economies thatcaninfluencelocalspending,planning,andemployment opportunities. The social economy plays a crucial role in providing the foundations for anyeffectiveeconomybothdirectlythroughlocalemployment, and social enterprise and indirectly through plans of social capital, promotion of civil engagement and participative democracy.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/what-difference-between-migrant-refugee-asylum-seeker1518342-

https://www.oxfam.org.au/what-we-do/emergencies/refugees/

http://www.worldvision.org/news-stories-videos/europes-migration-crisis-syrian-refugees-long-journeys-long-nights

http://edition.cnn.com/04/09/2015/europe/migrant-crisis-country-by-country/

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east#32057601-Syrianjourney

EmotionandTraumaticConflictbyMichalinos Zembylas

http://www.dw.com/en/syria-refugee-childs-drawing-leaves-german-police-speechless/a18743093-http://www.dw.com/en/using-art-to-help-syrian-refugee-children-cope-with-trauma/a18784348-

http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/06/2015/refugee-world-refugee-day-seeking-asylum-germany150617121349660-.html

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/migration/migration_trends_rev2.shtml

https://www.embraceni.org/migration/the-pros-and-cons-of-migration/

http://www.cles.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/01/2011/Resilience-for-web1.pdf