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![Page 1: Emergent Interfaces: Constructive Assembly of Identical Units Alexandru Dancu 2 Stig Anton Nielsen 1 Zhu Kening 3 Adviye Ayca Unluer 4,2 3 City University.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033105/56649e4a5503460f94b3e5be/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Emergent Interfaces: Constructive Assembly of Identical Units
Alexandru Dancu2 Stig Anton Nielsen1 Zhu Kening3 Adviye Ayca Unluer4,2
3 City University of Hong Kong, China
4 Yilidz Technical University, Turkey
Max Witt1
1 Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
2 t2i Lab, Chalmers Universityof Technology, Sweden
Catherine Hedler1 Hanna Frank1 Axel Pelling1 Christian Carlsson1 Morten Fjeld2
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Emergent InterfacesCan emergence be applied to interface design?
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Outline
IntroductionRelated WorkDesignExperimentDiscussionConclusion
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Can we apply emergence in design of user interfaces employing constructive assemblies?
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Computer interfaces
Future paradigm
Constructive assemblies
http://media.aau.dk/~stg/tangibleMixSurface/
...
[Nokia Morph, ‘11]
[Apple Mac, ‘84]
Positioning
[Samsung Youm, ‘16]
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Computer interfaces
Future paradigm
Constructive assemblies
http://media.aau.dk/~stg/tangibleMixSurface/
[Nokia Morph, ‘11][Samsung Youm, ‘16]
[Apple Mac, ‘84]
[Alonso-Mora et. Al (Disney), ‘11]
Positioning
[Spröwitz et. al, (EPFL), ‘14]
...
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Designing for Emergence
Hypothesis
•design must harness the process of emergence
•bottom-up and iterative unfolding of emergence
[Van Alstyne, Logan, 2007]
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Where do we start?
Designing for Emergence
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Definition
Emergence
“refers to the process by which a higher level of organization
arises through the aggregation and interaction of lower level components
revealing new behaviors or properties
not associated with the lower level components”
[Van Alstyne, Logan, 2007]
complexity
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Properties
Emergence properties (complex systems research)
– computational undecidability– self-organizing phenomena– sensitivity to initial conditions
[Ronald, 1999]
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Examples
[Ronald et. al, 1999]
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/cosmicvariance/files/uploads/flocking.jpg http://mathworld.wolfram.com/images/eps-gif/ElementaryCARule030_700.gif
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Complexity of natural systems
http://transition-lab.com/blog/
Examples
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http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Rule110.html
Complexity of cellular automata
Examples
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Morphogenetic Engineering
[Doursat et. al, 2012]
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Relevance to user interfaces
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Organic User Interfaces
Definition
organic semiconductors
inspiration from organic shapes in nature
rich variety, transformable flexible, adaptable,
evolvable resilient, reliable [Holman and Vertegaal, 2008]
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Organic User Interfaces
Principles
input equals output – function equals form –
form adapts to context –
Designing computers to take any shape or form
[Holman and Vertegaal, 2008]
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Our Guidelines
Emergence properties
Emergence definition–interaction of units–obeying simple rules–complex outcome
Design constructive assemblies - identical units- connect manually - form complex structure- human scale
Our Approach
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robust to sustain a structure
as high as a person, fit in one hand
assemble/detach fast and easy
Design constructive assemblies - identical units
Our Approach
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Blocks Brainstorming – SketchesDesign constructive assemblies
- identical units
Our Approach
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Cutout Cyclinder
Dodecahedron
Octagonal Prism
Blocks Brainstorming – Sketches & Prot.Design constructive assemblies
- identical units
Our Approach
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Hexagonal cog wheel, 6 cogs
Final Building Block Design
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Hexagonal cog wheel, 6 cogsa) CNC cutting curveb) Removing cylinders
c) Cylinder slices, cog wheels
Final Building Block Design
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Building Block Family
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1. Kinect2. Projector3. Pressure sensor plate
Projection -Balance-Score-Free space
Physical-Digital System Design
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multiple aspects from environment developing morphology
Previous Work
[Nielsen and Dancu, 2014]
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Experiment
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Experiment
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Evaluation of assembly– factors influencing the
assembly process
With – 28 participants (12 f)– Age (M=28.6, SD=6.1)
Experiment
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3 cogs unit results in structures with low height
4 cogs yields structures with perpendicular branches.
Discussion
Emergence properties– Non-determinism– Temporal design– Self-organization
the lower the number of openings, the less opportunities exist
supports the best building in the desired direction
Emerging helix
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Discussion
Can we apply emergence to interface design?
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Discussion
Can we apply emergence to interface design?
https://phonebloks.com/
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Conclusion
Harnessing emergence properties in digital interfaces would lead to richer morphologies and behavior.
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Thank you
More details on alexandrudancu.com/emergent-interfaces
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the EU FP7 People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) under REA Grant Agreement 290227
t2i.se/openings/