Emergency Lighting Chris Holder Thorlux Lighting.

Emergency Lighting

Chris Holder

Thorlux Lighting

Fires by Building Type 2004

Private Garages, Sheds, 7700

Construction Industry Premises, 300

Other Industrial Premises, 2700

Retail distribution, 4900

Hotels, Boarding Houses, Hostels, 2400

Restaurants, Public Houses, Cafes, 2900

Hospitals, 2200

Recreational, cultural buildings, 2500

Other, 8600

Unspecified, 200

Education, 2000

Agricutural premises, 1200

Fire Statistics, United Kingdom by ODPM 2004

Total: >37,000 fires(excludes domestic)

Agenda

1.1. Legislation/Standards/GuidanceLegislation/Standards/Guidance

2.2. Design RequirementsDesign Requirements

3.3. Equipment – latest developmentsEquipment – latest developments

4.4. OwnershipOwnership

5.5. Automatic Testing Products and Automatic Testing Products and Systems Systems

6.6. SummarySummary

Bewildering/Confusing Array of References!

Just some!………………..Just some!……………….. BS 5266 pt 1: 2005BS 5266 pt 1: 2005 & pt 7(EN1838): 1999 & pt 7(EN1838): 1999 BS EN 12193: 1999BS EN 12193: 1999 BS 5499 1-5 >2000BS 5499 1-5 >2000 BS EN 60598-2-22: 1999BS EN 60598-2-22: 1999 BS EN 50172: 2004BS EN 50172: 2004 BS EN 62034:2006BS EN 62034:2006 RRO (Fire Safety) 2005RRO (Fire Safety) 2005 Building Regs. Approved Doc. B 2007Building Regs. Approved Doc. B 2007

Status HierarchyEN Standards

BS EN 60598 2-22BS EN 1838BS EN 50172BS EN 12193BS EN 62034

UK LAWBldg Regs 2007

H & S Signs 1997RRO (Fire Safety) 2005

BS Codes of PracticeBS 5266:1

BS 5499:1-5

Industry & Prof GuidesCIBSE LG12

ICELHSE, etc

Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005

Objectives:Objectives: To harmonise existing legislationTo harmonise existing legislation To create a regime based on risk To create a regime based on risk

assessment & fire prevention & assessment & fire prevention & mitigation measuresmitigation measures

Ensure that fire safety facilities and Ensure that fire safety facilities and equipment are maintainedequipment are maintained

Agenda






6.6. SummarySummary

Types of Emergency Lighting Defined

EmergencyLighting

StandbyLighting

Low-mounted way guidance

system

High Risk Area

Open Area

EscapeRoute

EscapeLighting

Standby Lighting BS EN 50172:2004

Applications requiring UPS (100% lighting)Applications requiring UPS (100% lighting)


EmergencyLighting

StandbyLighting


system

High Risk Area

Open Area

EscapeRoute

EscapeLighting

High Risk Areas BS5266 pt 7:1999

Safe Termination of Hazardous activity

Safe passage / rescue access

10% normal lighting – MIN 15 LUX

Uniformity > 0.1 min/av

Might need UPS/ small Central Battery system


EmergencyLighting

StandbyLighting


system

High Risk Area

Open Area

EscapeRoute

EscapeLighting

Open Areas (>60m2*) : Anti Panic BS5266 pt 7:1999

Or as determined by Risk Assessment

Building Regulations Approved Doc B 2007

Illumination Level: 0.5 lux minimum

Uniformity (Max:Min)= 40:1

Exclude 0.5m border


EmergencyLighting

StandbyLighting


system

High Risk Area

Open Area

EscapeRoute

EscapeLighting

Escape Routes BS5266 pt 7:1999

1 lux min along centreline

Uniformity (Max:Min)= 40:1

(EN1838 “A” deviation – 0.2 lux min if Permanently Unobstructed)

Essential Siting Of Emergency Luminaires

BS5266 pt 7:1999

All Defined Escape

Routes

Changes To Route

Direction Within 2 metres

horizontal distance

Essential Siting Of Emergency Luminaires BS5266 pt 7:1999

EXIT DOORS (Intended for use in emergency)

• Within 2 metres horizontal distance


BS5266 pt 7:1999

External escape routes may need lighting

Consider muster points / roll calls



BS5266 pt 7:1999

STAIRS / ESCALATORS

FLOOR LEVEL CHANGES / MOVING WALKWAYS Each tread should receive direct light (Painting stair nosings in a light colour can assist

safety)


BS5266 pt 7:1999

Toilets > 8m2 floor

Any windowless Toilets

Any facility for the disabled


BS5266 pt 7:1999


• NB - 5 lux minimum on floor if not on escape route

• FIRE ALARM CALL POINTS • FIRE FIGHTING

EQUIPMENT


BS5266 pt 7:1999


• NB - 5 lux minimum on floor if not on escape route

• FIRST AID

• SAFETY SIGNS & EQUIPMENT

Emergency SignsBS EN 50172:2004

• Required to ensure ESCAPE ROUTES are APPARENT from ANY LOCATION

• Series of signs may be req’d.

• MAINTAINED where occupants will be unfamiliar with building layout

Sign Formats & StatusNow ILLEGAL (since 1999)

UK PREFERENCE

BS5499-4:2000 (wht man – internally lit / green man externally lit.)

MOST COMMONLY AVAILABLE

SI341 HSE Signs Directive Format

NB All signs should be of the same format

HTM65 – NHS HOSPITALS

Externally or Internally Lit? BS5266 pt 7:1999

hh

EXTERNALLY LIT INTERNALLY LIT

100 X h ( 15m?)100 X h ( 15m?)

100 lux vertical 100 lux vertical illumination (mains) illumination (mains) and 5 lux (battery) and 5 lux (battery) (Minimum values)(Minimum values)

200 x h ( 30m?)200 x h ( 30m?)

> 2 cd/m> 2 cd/m22

Signage

Direction Arrows: BS5499-4:2000

Luminaire Photometric Data

BS5266-1:2005

Spacing Tables via Dialux

Direct light only BS5266-1:2005

zero reflection factors for all surfaces

Uniformity RequirementsEscape Routes & Open Areas

BS5266 pt 7:1999

Max : Min = 40 : 1 Escape Route 40 lux/1 lux Open Area = 20 lux/0.5 lux

Individual Luminaire Failure BS EN 50172

• Minimum 2 luminaires per compartment (where practical)

• Use more low powered luminaires rather than fewer higher powered

Avoiding Disability GlareBS5266 pt 7:1999

ConclusionsBS5266-1:2005

Client’s Fire Risk Assessment should be

consulted

Guidance needed on requirements over

minimum levels and locations

Points of emphasis need to be finalised!

Designer undertakes legal responsibility!

(Signed Declaration of Conformity req’d)

Agenda






6.6. SummarySummary

Categories of OperationBS5266-1:2005BS5266-1:2005

X 1 **** 180Maintained 3 hour M/3

Non-maintained 3 hour NM/3

X 0 **** 180

Type Mode of Operation

Facilities Duration (Self-contained only)

X Self-contained

0 Non-maintained

A Inc. test device 10 10 min

Z Central System

1 Maintained B Inc. remote rest mode

60 1 hour

2 Combined non-maintained

C Inc. inhibiting mode

120 2 hour

3 Combined maintained

D High risk task luminaire

180 3 hour

4 Compound non-maintained

5 Compound maintained

6 Satellite

Categories of OperationBS5266-1:2005

Maintained or Non Maintained ?

BS5266-1:2005

Maintained Exit signs when building users will be unfamiliar with its layout.

Maintained within common circulation areas of shopping malls.

Maintained usually saves installation points (regular luminaires converted) Lamp Integrity needs close attention Temperature/Battery life issues

Luminaire SpecificationsBS EN 60598-2-22

CE Marked: declaring compliance with all relevant standards(Tech File includes EMC test

certification) Makes site conversions very dubious

LEDs

Light output now Light output now high enoughhigh enough

Long lifeLong life Low power Low power

consumptionconsumption

LED Exit Signs

100,000 hr life 100,000 hr life = over 11 years = over 11 years continuous continuous illuminationillumination

NiMh batteries NiMh batteries – 8 years rated – 8 years rated lifelife

Agenda






6.6. SummarySummary

Good Housekeeping!

As part of a Safety Culture:

• Regular Inspections/Maintenance and Risk Assessment Reviews

• Escape Routes permanently unobstructed

• No locked/blocked exit doors

Servicing

Regular servicing is essential “Responsible Person” should appoint a “Competent Person”

with authority to ensure correct testing/maintenance/logging

Inspection & TestingBS EN 50172:2004

CommissioningCommissioningFull 3 hour duration (after 24 hours uninterrupted Full 3 hour duration (after 24 hours uninterrupted charge time)charge time)

MonthlyMonthlyShort test to ensure emergency lamp functionalityShort test to ensure emergency lamp functionality

Annual (NEW, was after 3 years)Annual (NEW, was after 3 years)Full rated battery duration testFull rated battery duration test

Agenda






6.6. SummarySummary

Autotest Products & Systems

Product StandardProduct Standard

BS EN 62034:2006 – Standard for BS EN 62034:2006 – Standard for

Automatic Test SystemsAutomatic Test Systems

Basic Principles

Self-monitoringSelf-monitoring Timing CircuitTiming Circuit ChargingCharging LampLamp CommunicationsCommunications

Compliant test scheduleCompliant test schedule Test result status indicationTest result status indication Minimise risk by Minimise risk by

randomising/staggering testingrandomising/staggering testing

Solutions

Stand-alone Stand-alone LuminairesLuminaires

Network SystemsNetwork Systems

Stand-alone Luminaires & Exit Signs

Each device tests itselfEach device tests itself

Indication by status LEDIndication by status LED

Use of bi-colour LEDsUse of bi-colour LEDs

May use audible sounderMay use audible sounder

Test procedure – automatic but results need to Test procedure – automatic but results need to be recorded manually every 30 daysbe recorded manually every 30 days

Healthy

Flashing Red = Faulty

Stand-alone

AdvantagesAdvantages Easy to specifyEasy to specify Easy to installEasy to install Simplifies testing Simplifies testing

proceduresprocedures Reduces possibility Reduces possibility

of errorof error

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Increased cost – Increased cost –

typically £30 - £40typically £30 - £40 User has to User has to

remember to inspect remember to inspect on a regular basison a regular basis

Test results need to Test results need to be manually be manually recordedrecorded

Networked Monitoring Systems

Luminaires & Signs linked back to central monitoring & Luminaires & Signs linked back to central monitoring & reporting devicereporting device

Luminaire, zone & central status indicationLuminaire, zone & central status indication

Detailed test reportsDetailed test reports

NOT rely on central device to initiate emergency modeNOT rely on central device to initiate emergency mode

Latest Generation Technology Remote reporting Remote reporting

using web/emailusing web/email Pro-active – system Pro-active – system

lets you know when lets you know when there’s a faultthere’s a fault

Multiple BuildingsMultiple Buildings Fault identificationFault identification

Reduces time spent Reduces time spent diagnosing faultdiagnosing fault

Helps ensure Helps ensure maintenance engineer maintenance engineer arrives with correct arrives with correct partsparts

Records ArchiveRecords Archive

Networked Systems

AdvantagesAdvantages Constant self-Constant self-

monitoringmonitoring Central status indication Central status indication

speeds up inspection speeds up inspection processprocess

Test results are Test results are prepared/stored prepared/stored automaticallyautomatically

Pro-active – ideal for Pro-active – ideal for remote monitoringremote monitoring

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Increased capital cost Increased capital cost Installation of signal Installation of signal

cable & zone/central cable & zone/central controllers – not so controllers – not so easy to retrofiteasy to retrofit

Summary

Stand-aloneStand-alone Easier to specify & Easier to specify &

installinstall User must still User must still

inspect every monthinspect every month Manual record Manual record

keepingkeeping

Networked systemsNetworked systems Simplifies inspection – Simplifies inspection –

usually to one central usually to one central locationlocation

Significant reduction in Significant reduction in test/inspection coststest/inspection costs

Automatic record Automatic record generation & archiving generation & archiving

Pro-active remote Pro-active remote reportingreporting

Cost Comparison – Primary School Project

100 luminaires & 100 luminaires & exit signsexit signs

a)a) Standard Standard EmergencyEmergency

b)b) Stand-alone Stand-alone AutoTestAutoTest

c)c) Networked Auto-Networked Auto-Test (includes zone Test (includes zone & centralised & centralised equipment)equipment)

Capital Outlay

Option 1 – Option 1 – Standard Standard

Emergency Emergency LuminairesLuminaires

Option 2 – Option 2 – AutoTest AutoTest


Option 3 – Option 3 – Networked Networked

SystemSystem

Cost of Cost of Equipment & Equipment & InstallationInstallation

£ 15,000£ 15,000 £ 19,000£ 19,000 £ 21,800£ 21,800

100%100% 127%127% 145%145%

Annual Testing CostsOption 1 – Option 1 –

Standard Standard Emergency Emergency LuminairesLuminaires




SystemSystem

Annual Annual Testing Testing CostCost

£ 3,000£ 3,000 £ 1,500£ 1,500 £ 600£ 600

Total over Total over 10 years 10 years (3% infl. pa)(3% infl. pa)

£ 34,400£ 34,400 £ 17,200£ 17,200 £ 6,878£ 6,878

100%100% 50%50% 20%20%

10 yr. Life-Cycle Costs

Option 1 – Option 1 – Standard Standard





SystemSystem

Equip. & Equip. & InstInst

£ 15,000£ 15,000 £19,000£19,000 £ 21,800£ 21,800

10 yr 10 yr TestingTesting

£ 34,400£ 34,400 £ 17,200£ 17,200 £ 6,800£ 6,800

10 Yr Life 10 Yr Life CostsCosts

£ 49,400£ 49,400 £ 36,200£ 36,200 £ 28,400£ 28,400

100%100% 73%73% 57%57%

Life-Cycle Costs Graph

£-

£10,000

£20,000

£30,000

£40,000

£50,000

£60,000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

StandardEmergency -Manual Test

Autoteststand-alone- ManualInspection

NetworkedSystem

Summary

Modest increase in capital outlay = Modest increase in capital outlay = large saving in testing/inspecting/ large saving in testing/inspecting/ recording through life of buildingrecording through life of building

Greater peace of mind, compliance & Greater peace of mind, compliance & security security

Conclusions

Statutory requirement to provide Statutory requirement to provide effective emergency lightingeffective emergency lighting

Code of practice specifies requirementsCode of practice specifies requirements Client’s Fire Safety Risk Assessment Client’s Fire Safety Risk Assessment

should be consultedshould be consulted Technology can provide solutionsTechnology can provide solutions Life-cycle costs should be calculated, Life-cycle costs should be calculated,

not just capital expenditurenot just capital expenditure

Emergency Lighting Chris Holder Thorlux Lighting.

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Transcript of Emergency Lighting Chris Holder Thorlux Lighting.