Attaining urban air quality objectives- links to transboundary air pollution
EMEP: monitoring and evaluation of transboundary air pollution · Hemispheric Transport of Air...
Transcript of EMEP: monitoring and evaluation of transboundary air pollution · Hemispheric Transport of Air...
EMEP: monitoring and evaluation of transboundary air pollution
- Measurements & Modelling - Emission inventory - Integration
- SOx, NOx, NHx, VOC, PM - HM - POP - CO, CH4
W o rk in g G ro u p o n E ffe c ts
IC P F o re s ts
T a sk F o rce
S te e rin g B o d y o f E M E P
Im p le m e n ta tio n C o m m itte eE x e c u tiv e B o d y
W o rk in g G ro u p o n S tra te g ie s a n d R e v ie w
P ro g ra m m e C o o rd in a tin g
C e n tre
IC P W a te rs
T a sk F o rce
P ro g ra m m e C e n tre
IC P M a te r ia ls
T a sk F o rce
M a in R e se a rch
C e n tre
IC P V e g e ta tio n T a sk F o rce
P ro g ra m m e C o o rd in a tin g
C e n tre
IC P In te g ra te d M o n ito rin g
T a sk F o rce
P ro g ra m m e C e n tre
IC P M o d e ll in g a n d M a p p in g
T a sk F o rce
C o o rd in a tio n C e n tre fo r
E ffe c ts
T a sk F o rce o n
H e a lth
W H O B o n n
T a sk F o rce o n E m iss io n In ve n to rie s
a n d P ro je c tio n s
T a sk F o rce o n M e a su re m e n ts a n d
M o d e ll in g
C h e m ica l C o o rd in a tin g
C e n tre
M e te o ro lo g ica l S yn th e s iz in g C e n tre -
W e s t
M e te o ro lo g ica l S yn th e s iz in g C e n tre -
E a s t
T a sk F o rce o n In te g ra te d A sse ssm e n t
M o d e ll in g
C e n tre fo r In te g ra te d A sse ssm e n t M o d e llin g
T a sk F o rce o n P O P s
N e tw o rk o f E xp e rts o n B e n e f its a n d E co n o m ic
In s tru m e n ts
E xp e r t G ro u p o n T e ch n o -e co n o m ic
Is sue s
T a sk F o rce o n H e a vy M e ta ls
E xp e r t G ro u p o n P a rticu la te M a tte r
T a sk F o rce o n R e a c tive N itro g e n
T a sk F o rce o n H e m isp he r ic T ran sp o rt
o f A ir P o llu tio n
Organization of the ConventionOrganization of the Convention
Emissions 50*50km Meteorology 50*50km
→ →
→
EMEP Unified Chemical transport model – MSC-w
Air concentrations ofNO, NO2, NH3, NH4+, NO3-,HNO3
Reduced and oxidized nitrogen deposition
ChemistryDry/Wet removal
Validation against measurements
- CCC coordinates measurements at EMEP sites- Work guided by TF Measurements and Modelling
AL AM AT BY BE BA BG HR CY CZ DK EE FI FR GE DE GR HU IS IE IT KZ LV LT LUAL 53 0 0 0 0 16 28 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 3 19 6 0 0 28 0 0 0 0AM 0 5 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0AT 1 0 55 0 7 14 3 12 0 49 0 0 0 30 0 96 2 39 0 0 81 0 0 0 0BY 1 0 4 322 6 26 47 4 0 60 4 10 3 14 0 141 5 80 0 1 19 2 12 50 0BE 0 0 0 0 183 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 121 0 23 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 1BA 4 0 3 0 1 503 17 18 0 13 0 0 0 8 0 16 6 46 0 0 65 0 0 0 0BG 10 0 2 1 0 48 1281 4 0 8 0 0 0 4 0 12 50 34 0 0 32 1 0 0 0HR 2 0 5 0 1 120 12 80 0 15 0 0 0 10 0 19 3 57 0 0 70 0 0 0 0CY 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0CZ 1 0 15 0 11 18 8 7 0 453 1 0 0 30 0 313 1 69 0 1 24 0 0 1 0DK 0 0 0 1 8 2 0 0 0 9 59 0 0 13 0 56 0 3 1 2 2 0 0 1 0EE 0 0 0 8 1 2 3 0 0 8 2 54 7 2 0 24 0 4 0 0 1 0 11 10 0FI 0 0 1 12 5 4 7 1 0 16 8 63 205 9 0 63 1 10 0 1 3 1 9 15 0
FR 0 0 3 0 80 7 4 3 0 28 2 0 0 1648 0 111 1 10 0 17 96 0 0 0 3DE 0 0 19 2 234 15 5 5 0 206 17 0 0 425 0 2012 3 34 0 10 68 0 0 2 7GR 27 0 1 0 0 27 501 2 1 4 0 0 0 5 0 6 671 16 0 0 51 0 0 0 0HU 2 0 12 1 2 84 32 30 0 46 0 0 0 11 0 53 5 607 0 0 58 0 0 1 0IS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 24 1 0 0 0 0 0IE 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 6 0 5 0 0 0 315 1 0 0 0 0IT 10 0 9 1 4 81 30 35 0 20 1 0 0 95 0 38 17 47 0 0 1229 0 0 1 0
LV 0 0 1 19 2 4 6 1 0 16 5 12 3 5 0 42 1 10 0 1 3 0 45 46 0LT 0 0 1 19 3 5 10 1 0 25 5 4 2 8 0 69 1 15 0 1 4 0 11 107 0LU 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1MT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0NL 0 0 0 0 97 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 58 0 42 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0NO 0 0 1 2 11 3 2 1 0 18 16 3 4 23 0 78 0 9 0 6 5 0 1 3 0PL 2 0 13 20 32 52 54 14 0 392 19 3 2 61 0 1094 4 201 0 3 47 0 4 22 1PT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0MD 1 0 0 2 0 8 30 1 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 6 3 14 0 0 5 1 0 0 0RO 12 0 6 6 2 147 399 13 0 43 1 0 0 12 1 61 41 233 0 0 81 2 0 2 0RU 12 3 10 353 18 99 440 14 6 151 19 254 74 51 54 343 64 214 0 3 103 182 53 97 0SK 1 0 8 1 2 28 17 9 0 56 1 0 0 7 0 57 2 224 0 0 24 0 0 1 0SI 0 0 4 0 0 7 2 20 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 8 1 17 0 0 47 0 0 0 0
ES 0 0 1 0 4 7 4 2 0 7 0 0 0 64 0 15 1 4 0 4 35 0 0 0 0SE 0 0 2 9 14 10 7 2 0 39 48 20 37 27 0 150 1 25 0 4 9 1 6 13 0CH 0 0 1 0 5 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 55 0 18 0 1 0 0 59 0 0 0 0MK 19 0 0 0 0 13 63 1 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 2 25 7 0 0 14 0 0 0 0TR 10 2 1 3 1 35 443 3 35 9 0 0 0 6 9 15 124 27 0 0 61 4 0 1 0UA 7 0 9 89 7 112 288 17 1 104 4 5 1 23 6 187 40 321 0 1 80 10 3 14 0GB 0 0 0 0 21 1 0 1 0 10 5 0 0 72 0 52 0 2 0 90 4 0 0 1 0YU 19 0 3 1 1 258 105 14 0 19 0 0 0 9 0 23 23 98 0 0 69 0 0 0 0
Blame matrix
(EMEP)
Blame matrix
(EMEP)
Transboundary air pollution in 2005 Information available: EMEP Country Reports
Country reports for 46 Parties to the Convention,MSC-W Data Notes 1/07
– Transboundary data by main pollutants (S, N, O3) and PM. by H. Klein, A. Benedictow and H. Fagerli
– For the 8 EECCA countries, these reports are available in Russian
Information available
• Maps of countribution to different regions
• Maps of transboundary contributions in each country
• Pies with source-allocation
Origin of PM2.5 in Ukraine
New developments: http://www.emep.int/OpenSource
New developments: Extension of the EMEP grid, Stage 1 -
2008
The extension will take place through two stages:Step 1: Extended EMEP 50×50 km2 grid (132×159 gridcells)
New developments: EMEP model bridges the scales
Stage 1: 10x10 km2
Stage 2: Global 50x50 km2 (2012)
New developments: Global scale Unified EMEP modelCoordinated development at MSC-W and MSC-E
• Report 2008 with provide results for 2006 in latitude-longitude, with 0.5º x 0.5º resolution
• Same model as regional Unified EMEP model, but different grid projection and input data.
TF Hemispheric Air Pollution
2009 Assessment Report• State of knowledge concerning intercontinental transport of air
pollutants in the Northern Hemisphere• Covering all pollutants of interest under the LRTAP Convention• Addressing identified policy-relevant science questions
2007 Interim Report• Significance of intercontinental transport of air pollutants within the
Northern Hemisphere for attaining the objectives of the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol
Dentener HTAP overview08.05.2008 Madrid
TFHAP: model intercomparison: Annual mean surface O3 changein EU from 20% reductions of domestic NOx emissions
Large geographical variability masked by regional mean statistics
Task Force Emission Inventories and Projections
- emission guidelines - emission data collection - verification - review of informative reports - projections
(several experts groups including agricultural emissions)
Emission densities 2005 EMEP/MSC-W
NOx NH3NOx NH3
Uncertainties in emissions are largest in EECCA countries
Differences between official and non-official emission estimates by
– 5% for SOx, – 20% for NOx, – 20% for NMVOC, – 30% for NH3, – 50% for PPM2.5 and – 60% for PPMcoarse.
msc-wemep
Task Force Integrated Assessment Modelling
Centre for IntegratedAssessment Modelling (IIASA)
RAINS: a multi pollutant multi effect framework
Economicactivities
Measuresoptions
Agriculture
NOx emission
SO2 emission
industry
Energy
NH4 deposition
S deposition
VOC emission
NH3 emission
Transport
Exceedance CL acidification
Exceedance CL Nitrogen NOy deposition
O3 production
NH3 policy
NOx/VOC
VOC policy
Costs
Exceedance CL ozone
Targets
Primary PM concentrationOther PM policy Primary PM
emission
Secondary aerosols
PM exposurehumans
SO2 policy
NOx policy
O3 exposurehumans
Impacts
Work guided by the Task Force on Integrated Assessment Modelling
From RAINS to GAINS
√√√√√- via aerosols
√
PM
√√√- via OH
√√√√Radiative forcing:- direct
√√Eutrophication
√√√Acidification
√√√Vegetation damage:O3
√√√O3
√√√√Health impacts: PM
CFCsHFCsSF6
N2OCH4CO2NH3VOCNOxSO2
EutrophicationPercent of ecosystems area with excess nitrogen deposition
2000 CLE 2020