Elise Wood Stress Management. Narrowing of the walls of the arteries Excessive plaque build up...
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Transcript of Elise Wood Stress Management. Narrowing of the walls of the arteries Excessive plaque build up...
Atherosclerosis
Elise Wood Stress Management
What is atherosclerosis…
Narrowing of the walls of the arteries
Excessive plaque build up
Disrupts blood flow
Potential cardiovascular complications
Related to arteriosclerosis
*Someone with arteriosclerosis (hardening), may not have atherosclerosis (plaque), but someone with atherosclerosis does have arteriosclerosis- which leads to a further decrease in blood flow.*
Signs & Symptoms…
Can develop during adolescents
Depends on what artery is affected
Possible artery blockages and their associated symptoms:
Carotid: blood to the brain – stroke
Coronary: blood to the heart – angina
Renal: blood to kidneys – chronic kidney disease
Peripheral: blood to limbs – leg pain
What can cause/trigger atherosclerosis…
High blood pressure
High cholesterol
Smoking
High levels of blood glucose
Lack of exercise/Overweight, obesity
Unhealthy diet
General Statistics…
-0.3 mm lower threshold/ 0.5 mm higher threshold (more severe)-Plaque can start to form even at age 10
Impact of stress…
Social stress and lack of social support
Stress hormone- Angiotensin II- sympathetic nervous system
Case study on atherosclerosis prone mice
Increases blood pressure/hypertension
Ultimately affects atherosclerosis
Who gets it…
It might be easier to ask, who doesn't get atherosclerosis?
a large number of asymptomatic young people have evidence of atherosclerosis.
If you are 40 and generally healthy, you have about a 50% chance of developing serious atherosclerosis in your lifetime
How it develops…
deposits of cholesterol (called plaque) accumulate at an injured area in the inner lining of an artery
deposits harden and narrow the arteries, blood flow to the tissues decreases
Thrombus
Blood clot
Blockage
Chronic or Communicable?..
Chronic disease that can remain asymptomatic
Can stem from other chronic diseases
Complications are chronic, and slowly progressive
Known treatment…
Lifestyle changes (diet, exercise, smoking cessation, etc.)
Medicine to slow the formation of plaque/ lower cholesterol/ blood pressure
Severe Atherosclerosis:
Surgeries: Angioplasty (opening blocked arteries, stent; mesh tube after) Coronary artery bypass grafting, (arteries/veins from other sources bypass blocked) Carotid endarterectomy. (removal of plaque in neck-prevent stroke)
Plaque Removal
Success rates, Morbidity & Mortality rates…
Success: With treatment, you may see improvement in your health, but this may take time. Cannot be reversed, but can be slowed down
Morbidity: Atherosclerosis was present in 85% of those older than 50. More than 25 million persons in the United States have at least one clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis
Mortality: Around 500,000 people will die of coronary artery disease this year. More than a million will have a heart attack. One-third of all deaths in Americans older than 35 are due to coronary artery disease.
Prevention…
Lifestyle changes!
Healthy diet, low saturated fat
Exercising
Quit smoking
Losing weight if overweight/obese
Manage stress
Treating associated conditions (hypertension, diabetes, etc)
Sources
http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/what-is-atherosclerosis?page=2
http://franciscan.adam.com/content.aspx?productId=10&pid=10&gid=000251
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosis
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/atherosclerosis/treatment.html
http://www.healthline.com/health/atherosclerosis#Prevention
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/247837.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensi