Element 6.pdf
Transcript of Element 6.pdf
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r i n c i p l e ~ I
o f ~ n t r o
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION
Avoid the risk e.g. eliminate the hazard or task
Evaluate risks which cannot be avoided
Combat risks
at
source
Adapt the work to the individual
Adapt to technical progress
Replace the dangerous by the less dangerous
Develop a coherent prevention policy
Give collective measures priority over individual
measure
GENERAL HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
Eliminate: remove trai ling cables
Reduce: use
low
voltage electrical equipment
Isolate: cover dangerous machinery
with
guards
Control:
limit
time and frequency o exposure
PPE: Issue safety footwear
Discipline: enforce rules and procedures
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Avoiding entry
Modify confined space so
entry not required
Have work
done
from outside
Precautions for
working
in
a confined space
Permit -to-work
Competent staf f
Appoint a supervisor
Isolate
Ensure suitable size of entry
Gas purging
Ventilation
Regular testing of the
atmosphere
Special tools nd lighting
PP
Communications
Limit working time
Emergency procedures
PERSON L
PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT PPE)
Benefits of
PPE
Often low cost
Can be used as short term
measure
Portable for worker away from
base
Disposable PP reduces risk
of infection
WHY PPE USED
AS
FACTORS
AFFECTING
LAST RESORT
THE WEARING OF PPE
Does
not eliminate the
Fit
hazard
Health of worker
Does not
reduce the hazard
Period of use
Only
protects the wearer
. Comfort
Always fail to danger
Maintenance
May introduce new
hazards
Training
Relies on
worker to
use
it
Interference
May
not e worn
correctly
Management commitment
It
may
e
uncomfortable
Peer pressure
Worn
for only
part
of
task
of
shift
Wrong size
Used when damaged
Not
properly
maintained
Management
may
not
enforce wearing
SELECTION OF PPE
What
are the hazards
Type of
equipment
Made to
suitable
standards
Comfort
Compatibility
Storage
Training
Cost
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SAFETY SIGNS
SAFETY SIGNS
Prohibition circular, red, white
background)
Warning triangular, yellow,
black edging)
Mandatory circular, blue,
white symbols)
Safe Condition green, white
symbols)
LONE
WORKER
FACTORS TO BE
CONSIDERED
Work location
Type
o
work
The equipment
Manual handling
Sex
o
the worker
Emergency facilities
Lack o training
Lack o supervision
Limited communication
PRECAUTIONS
FOR
LONE
WORKERS
Information on hazards
Training
to
deal with
hazards
Regular contact
Supervisors regularly visiting
oo 1.
Automatic warning devices
Check the worker has
returned home
PPE
Emergency action i worker
becomes
ill
AIMS OF
FIRST
AID:
To preserve life, prevent
deterioration and promote
recovery
ASSESSMENT
FOR
FIRST
AID
REQUIREMENTS
The nature o the work and
the size o the organisation
Past history and accident
type
The nature and distribution
o
the workforce
Remoteness o site from
emergency medical
services
The needs o travelling,
remote or
lone workers
Employees working on
shared sites
Absence
o
first aiders due
to holidays etc.
Compliance with legal
requirements
FACTORS
TO
BE
CONSIDERED
IN
DRAWING
UP
EMERGENCY
PROCEDURES
Type of emergency fire,
bomb, chemical spillage etc.)
Type/location of workplace
Emergency service contact
and response time
Appointed persons to deal
with the emergency
Communication systems
First Aid/medical facilities
Evacuation procedures
Effects on surrounding
community
Post emergency act ion e.g.
repairs, media, investigation
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Principles o Control
SYLL BUS
Overall ims
On
completion
of this
Element,
c ndid tes
will
understand:
fundamental strategies
for controlling hazards
and reducing risk
the various hazard
control nd risk reduction
methods available
Content
General principles of
prevention:
avoiding risks
evaluating unavoidable
risks
controlling hazards at
source
d pting work to the
individual
d pting
to technical
progress
replacing the dangerous
by the less I non
d ngerous
developing a coherent
prevention
policy
giving priority to collective
protective measures,
(e.g. engineering control)
over individual protective
measures, (e.g. personal
protection) concepts of
safe place and safe
person
providing appropriate
training, information and
supervision to workers,
including role, categories
and features of safety
signs
GENER L
HIER RCHY
OF CONTROL
elimination I substitution
changing work methods
patterns
isolation I segregation
engineering control
Personal Protective
Equipment (requirements,
benefits and limitations)
S FE SYSTEMS OF
WORK
expectation that the
employer should provide
safe system of work
role of competent persons
in the development of safe
systems
importance of worker
involvement in the
development of safe
systems
importance
nd
relevance
of written procedures
the distinction between
technical, procedural
and behavioural controls
development of a safe
system of work with
specific examples of
confined sp ces nd lone
wmking
in relation to
systems of work
- analysing tasks,
identifying hazards and
assessing risks
- introducing controls
and formulating
procedures
- instruction and training
in the operation of the
system
- monitoring the system
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PERMITS
TO WORK
operation and application
typical permits and circumstances in which
they may
be
appropriate, e.g. hot work,
work on electrical systems, maintenance
of
process equipment)
EMERGENCY
PROCEDURES
AND
ARRANGEMENTS
importance
of developing emergency
procedures in relation to fire, first-aid
and
other emergencies
principles, role and requirements of
emergency
medical response I first-aid
provision
arrangements for contact ing emergency
and rescue services
coverage in relation to shift work and
geographical location
SPECIFIC INTENDED LEARNING
OUTCOMES
The intended learning outcomes of this
Element are that candidates will be
able
to:
describe the general principles of control
and a basic hierarchy of risk reduction
measures that encompass technical,
behavioural and procedural controls
202
develop and apply safe systems
of
work for
general work activities
explain the key elements of a
safe
system
applied to the particular situations
of
working in confined spaces, lone
working
and travelling abroad
explain the role and function of a permit -to
work within a safe system
of
work
assess the adequacy of emergency
procedures
and
provision.
References
HSE
2000
Books
HSE 1998
Books
HSE
Books
IOSH
1998
1999
L7 4: First-Aid at Work
Approved
Code of
Practice.
L 101: Safe
Work
in
Confined Spaces Approved
Code of
Practice
IN G 98: Permit-to-Work
Systems.
Safety in the Global Village.
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