ELECTRONICS RECYCLING
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Transcript of ELECTRONICS RECYCLING
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ELECTRONICS RECYCLING
Revised 2006
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CONTENTS
• INDUSTRY OVERVIEW– General Perspectives– Highlights from the IAER Industry Report
• Industry Survey• Industry Research
• CHALLENGES• OBSERVATIONS
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KEY DRIVERS– Increasing volumes
• Expanding pervasiveness of electronics• Shorter lifespan of electronics technologies• Large inventory of obsolete electronics
– Concerns• Landfill• Hazardous materials• Export
– Challenges• Logistics• Costs
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ELECTRONICS EQUIPMENT - TYPES
• Commercial– computers, office, financial
• Industrial– Telecom, Manufacturing, Medical
• Automotive• Defense & Aerospace• Consumer
– PCs, video, audio, wireless, personal, games
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ELECTRONICS EQUIPMENT - CONTENT
• REUSABLE:– Units (e.g., PCs, Printers, Monitors)– Components (e.g., Drives, Memory, Processors)
• RECYCLABLE MATERIALS– Metals (precious, base)– Glass (CRT)– Plastics
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INDUSTRY SEGMENTSAsset Management
– inventory, disposition planning, resaleBroker
– auction, resale, exportRe-Use: for resale at product level
– Resale/As-Is– Repair/Refurbish /Upgrade/enhance
De-Manufacturing– disassembly & separation of parts and materials
Recovery of Parts & Subassemblies– Test/Classify/Re-use/Sale
Materials Recovery & Recycling (plastics, metals, glass)– separate, prepare for recycling
Materials Processing/Refining (glass, metal, plastics)– shred, grind, pelletize, refine
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SOURCES/GENERATORS• Field Returns• Surplus• Trade-Ins• Obsolete/EOL
OEMs USERS LEASCOs
ELECTRONICS RECYCLING INDUSTRY SEGMENTS/OPERATIONS
• Asset Management
• Broker
• Re-Use
• De-Manufacturing
• Parts Recovery
• Materials Recovery
• Materials Processing
TRIAGE
As-IsRepairRefurbish
RESALE
DisassemblyRecover PartsSeparate Materials
RESALE
Shred, Grind, SeparateRefine, Smelt, Melt, Pelletize
Primary Materials Processors
ELECTRONICS RECYCLING INDUSTRY PROCESS MODEL
Scrap Equipment
Metals, Glass, Plastics
Materials
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ELECTRONICS RECYCLERS in the USA
020406080
100120140160
NewEngland
Mid-Atlantic
South Mid-West RockyMountain
SouthWest
PacificCoast
(data from IAER database)Number of Recyclers Not including OEMs & NFPs
2003
2005
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For more information – including ordering, go to the web page at:http://www.iaer.org/communications/indreport.htm
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HIGHLIGHTS from IAER SURVEY (Conducted in 2005)
• Electronics recycling operations in the USA:over 500
• Employees: ~ 19,000• Annual Revenue: ~ $US1.5 billion• Annual Volumes processed:
– ~2.8 billion pounds (1.4M tons)– including ~65 million units of computer equipment– electronics recycling process yielded ~ 1.3 billion pounds
of recyclable materials
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WASTE STREAM DATAConsumer Electronics in Municipal Solid Waste - EPA
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
2000 2001 2002 2003
Millions of Tons - Generated
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CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
U.S. Sales Trends (Consumer Electronics Association)• Total 2005 sales to increase 11% to $126 Billion• DTV sales increased 78% in 2004 to 7.3M units• Sales of portable MP3 players expected to exceed 10 M
units in 2005• 2005 sales of digital cameras expected to be more than
20 M units• Cell phone sales expected to reach 90 M units in 2005
andGlobal shipments of flat-screen monitors exceeded CRTs
in 2004
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1975 1985 1995 2005
CONSUMER ELECTRONICSAverage # of CE Products Per Household (CEA)Per Household (CEA)
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HOUSEHOLD ELECTRONIC WASTEEstimated Replacements over 20 Years
0
5
10
15
20
25Number of Units
Consumers Union
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CELL PHONE TRENDS
0
50
100
150
200
250
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
U.S. Subscribers - millions
CTIA Industry Survey
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FLORIDA BRANDS STUDY Product Types Collected
TVs
CRTMonitors
Computers
Printers
Others
% by weight
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FLORIDA BRANDS STUDY Product Types by Vintage
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
TVs Computers Monitors Printers
Age in Years
Avg.
Oldest
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EPA PLUG-IN PILOT PROGRAMSGood-Guys
Copper Wire
Circuit Boards
Other Metals
% by weight
Plastics
Glass
Materials Recycled
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CHALLENGESfacing YOUR electronics recycling operations
1. Cost of operations2. Sources of equipment3. Markets for outputs4. Capacity5. Prices for materials & parts6. Other
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CHALLENGESfacing the electronics recycling INDUSTRY
1. Legislation/regulations2. Logistics/transportation3. Consumer/residential electronics4. Product take-back programs5. Plastics recycling6. Recycling technology7. Other
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INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVESMost Respondents Felt That:• Regulations have helped the industry• R&D is important to electronics recycling• There needs to be more communications• It is important to achieve some type of
certification