Electronic monitoring in Belgium 13 may 2005 Kizzy Rombaut National Center for Electronic...
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Transcript of Electronic monitoring in Belgium 13 may 2005 Kizzy Rombaut National Center for Electronic...
Electronic monitoring in Belgium
13 may 2005
Kizzy RombautNational Center for Electronic Monitoring
EM in Belgium
•History
•Legal basis
•Technique
•Procedural / organisational aspects
•Statistical information
History
April 1998 - september 2000 - Pilote project (30 months - 72 offenders)
Board of Ministers decides in June 2000:National implementation of EM in Belgiumgoal : 300 EM on a daily basis within 3 years
1996 - Minister of Justice De Clerck - experiment
Wednesday 6 november 2002: 300 EM
Goal is reached in 2 years time.
Board of Ministers april 2003:450 EM on a daily basis
Governmental Aggreement after latest elections of juli 2003EM population has to be expanded with 1000 units on a daily basis
Reïntegration Control of prison overcrowding
Board of Ministers September 2002:EM capacity on a daily basis has to be raised to 600
Board of Ministers October 2003:Approval of budget for expansion to 450 EM on a daily basis
Legal basis
Legislation
Ministerial Circular Letters
M.O. 1680/IX (26/11/1997)M.O. 1683/IX (27/3/1998)M.O. 1692/IX (27/11/1998)
M.O. 1720 (13/10/2000) : Creation of the National Center for EMM.O. 1720 bis (29/11/2000)M.O. 1720 ter (22/2/2001)M.O. 1727 (12/4/2001): + “zelfaanbod” (no translation: to describe)
M.O. 1741 (8/4/2002) + erratum (16/4/2002)M.O. 1745 (6/8/2002): health insuranceM.O. 1746 (9/8/2002) M.O. 1751 (8/11/2002): economic support for those without subsistence minimumM.O. 1746 bis (26/11/2002)M.O. 1751 bis (15/1/2003)M.O. 1751 ter (7/2/2003)M.O. 1761 (30/12/2003)
Procedural / organisationalaspects
Definition(as foreseen in the Belgian legislation)
Electronic Monitoring
“... is a form of execution of the prison sentence whereby use is made of electronic means to control during a fixed term the presence of severely selected offenders, outside the prison and on previously
agreed places and times.”
In that sense EM has all the characteristic features (in a measure)
of a prison sentence.
Offender criteria
Criteria of exclusion:
* sex offences (with minor age victims)
* trade of human beings
* offenders without residence permit
Counter indications: REHABILITATION POTENTIAL PERSONALITY CONDUCT IN PRISON RISK AT COMMITTING NEW OFFENCES RISK AT THREAT OF PHYSICAL INTEGRITY THIRD PARTIES INCOMPATIBILITY OF FAMILY CONTEXT WITH EM INCOMPATIBILITY OF THE NATURE OF THE OFFENCE(S) COMMITTED WITH EM (e.g. organised drug trade) ATTITUDE TOWARDS VICTIMS
General conditions:
* housemates have to agree (>18years)
* usefull occupation
* fixed abode and telephone line
Prison Sentences < 3 year
Assessment phase in view of E.M. (“zelfaanbod” + < 1 year)
General procedure (provisional release)
Prison Sentences > 3 year
Conditional Release -procedure
End of the complete prison sentence
Procedure - CategoriesProcedure - Categories
Selection phaseSelection phase
Investigation by Social Workers of the National Center for EM
home/social environment
agreement housemate(s)
advice EMDecision
prison governor or administration of Prison Service
conditions
The placing of offenders under EMThe placing of offenders under EM
PRISON MOBILETEAMNCET
SECURIS
Role of the private sector is very limited in Belgium !!!
Agreement
Warrant
Tag
(prison)
Home Monitoring Unit
(at offenders’ home)
ExecutionExecution
Controle
monitoring service of the NCEM
Guidance
social service of the NCEM
Guidance
Social workers NCEM
Follow-up conditions
Curfews
Coordination reintegration
Evaluation (reports)
OccupationOccupation
BEING AT HOME
PROFESSIONAL OREDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
PSYCHOLOGICAL,MEDICAL,SOCIAL ACTIVITIES
LEISURE TIME OUTSIDE THEHOME
Disciplinary measuresDisciplinary measures
Warning
Adaptation of the curfew
Adjustment of the conditions
Temporary incarceration
Definitive stoppage of EM
provisional release
Automatically: conditional release
end of punishment
disciplinary reasons
Premature: medical reasons
change in legal situation (eg., new conviction)
End of EMEnd of EM
Technical aspects
Type of EM technology Radio frequency / tagging% of cases in which used 100%Name of equipment supplier ElmotechName of prime contractor Alert Services
> The use of new technologies (diversification ) is possible with the new contract but needs a political decision.
Involvement of the private sectorInvolvement of the private sector
Private company Ministry of Justice
— supply equipment x
— induct persons on scheme Private sector only in backup
— operate monitoring centre x
— respond to violations x
— initiate breach procedures x
Statistical Information
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
okt/ 00 feb/01 jun/01 okt/ 01 feb/02 jun/02 okt/ 02 feb/03 juni-03 okt-03 feb/04 jun/04 okt/ 04 feb/05
Gemiddeld aantal E.T.'s op dagbasis
Average Length of EMAverage Length of EM
Zelfaanbod 93 dagen
General procedure 97 dagen
Conditional release 78 dagen
End of punishment 117 dagen
90 dagen
Actifs FR NL Total
42% 58% 100%Constitué 85 118 203
47% 70% 58%43% 57% 100%
Proc. Générale 19 25 4410% 15% 13%75% 25% 100%
LC 72 24 9640% 14% 27%71% 29% 100%
6 FP 5 2 73% 1% 2%52% 48% 100%
Total 181 169 350100% 100% 100%
EM-population on EM-population on 11 may 200511 may 2005
Successful completion rateSuccessful completion rate
81 % in 2004
possible reason for an anticipated end of EM: disciplinary reasons (large majority), a new sentence, medical reasons or re-offending (minority)
Taking in account the few exclusiongrounds for offenders, the result is very positive.
Since the start of EM in Belgium, no major incidents have occured.
The overall opinion of the belgian public and press regarding to EM is positive.
dagbesteding begin ET
andere
i/ afw. v/ vorming
vorming
invalide/ziekte
huish'e taken
pensioen
werkzoekend
voltijds tws
deeltijds tws
28%
32%
5%
2%2%
11%
8%
11%
1%
dagbesteding einde ET
andere
i/afw. v/vorming
vorming
invalide/ziekte
huish'e taken
pensioen
werkzoekend
voltijds tws
deeltijds tws
34%
7%
18%
19%
11%
5%
2%2%
1%
Future of EM in Belgium?Future of EM in Belgium?
Board of Ministers april 2003: 450 EM
+ 1000 EM (july 2003)
EM as an autonomous sentence? (1 april 2004)
Ongoing research on EMOngoing research on EM
• internal research :
exploratory research on the opportunities of EM as an autonomous sanction (cfr. Community sanction)
• external research :
evaluative research of 5 years EM in Belgium