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Chapter 4, Part 2Chapter 4, Part 2

Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

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Ionic Compounds in WaterIonic Compounds in Water

Soluble ionic compounds NaCl in water

Insoluble ionic compounds

CaCO3 in water

Water is a polar molecule.

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When an ionic compound dissolves in water, the

solvent pulls the individual ions from the solid and

solvates them. This p

rocess is calleddissociation.

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When an ionic compound dissolves in water,

the solvent pulls the individual ions from

the solid and solvates them. This process

is calleddissociation.

M____M_____M0.15(aq)OH2+(aq)Ba(s)Ba(OH)

mol_____mol_____mol0.20

(aq)Br+(aq)K(s)KBr

-+2

2

-+

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5** This table is from a different book.

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6** This table is from a different book.

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Example: Predict whether the following

compounds are soluble or insoluble in

water.1) NH

4I 2) SrSO

43) Cs

3PO

4

You must memorize and be able to

apply solubility rules.

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Covalent Compounds in WaterCovalent Compounds in Water

Insoluble covalent compounds

Soluble covalent compounds

Regular soluble covalent compounds

Strong acids

Weak acids and weak bases

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When most soluble covalent

compounds are dissolved in water,

their molecules separate from each

other and mixed with water

molecules.

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Strong acids completely dissociate into ions:

( ) ( ) ( )+

+ aqaq3

100%

2Br+OHOHHBr

l

H3O+ : hydronium ion

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Weak acids (or bases) partially dissociate into ions:

(aq)F(aq)OH)(OHHF -3100%

2 + ++ Cl2 > Br2 > I2

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Tro, Chemistry: AMolecular Approach

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to predict the products of a combustionreaction, combine each element in theother reactant with oxygen

Reactant Combustion Product

contains C CO2(g)

contains H H2O(g)

contains S SO2(g)

contains N NO(g) or NO2(g)

contains metal M2On(s)

4. Combustion reactions in oxygen

What you need to memorizeWhat you need to memorize

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What you need to memorizeWhat you need to memorize

Solubility rules Oxidation states rules

Lists of strong and weak acids,

strong and weak bases. Activity series of metals and

halogens.