Electrified Bike Engine - EEE project
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Transcript of Electrified Bike Engine - EEE project
To achieve the bike engine piston movement electrically
To eliminate the use of DC motor in the hybrid vehicle.
Utilising the same bike engine instead of DC motor
Named the 2011 Motor Trend Car of the Year,
The Chevy Volt is becoming the symbol of a new breed of hybrids.
the Volt is the World’s first mass-produced, plug-in electric vehicle with a range-extending onboard engine.
Features Plug-in Hybrid Conventional HybridRefueling Only minimal trips to
the gas station are necessary
Trips to the gas station are fewer than with non-hybrids, but still
necessaryCharging Batteries charge at
home or workBatteries can be
charged at home or work
Energy Storage Stored as electricity in batteries. Gas tank serves as back up.
Gasoline is main energy source, augmented by
batteriesPropulsion Electric power
primarily, until battery packs are depleted
Driving trades off between gas-powered
engine and electric motor
In an ordinary petrol bike engine, a solenoid coil is given around the cylinder with the insulation in between them in order to avoid the direct short circuiting.
The speed control like acceleration is provided by an electronic current controller.
This approach is to drive the bike both by electrical and by petrol.
I have chosen Splendor bike engine as my reference engine
SPLENDOR ENGINE’S SPECIFICATION: Engine : 124.7 CC Gear box : 4 Maximum power : 6.72 KW @ 7000 RPM Maximum torque : 10 NM @ 3500 RPM
Stroke length = 55 mm Crank radius =120mm Piston head area =1963sq.mm(radius=25 mm) Cylinder thickness = 7mm Cylinder surface area =3847sq.mm(radius=(25+7)mm)
The maximum flux density of iron = 1.5 Tesla Flux density = (Flux)/(Area) Area = piston head area + piston surface area
25mm + 35mm
= (3.14*0.025*0.025) +(2*3.14*0.025*0.035) Area = 5.8875*10^-3 sq.m
Total surface area = 5.8875*10^-3 sq.m The maximum flux = flux density * total surface area = 1.5 * 5.8875*10^-3 = 8.83125 * 10^-3 weber Maximum flux = 8.83125 milli weber
Utilising three fourth of the outer cylinder for solenoid winding
Copper bar with suitable diameter should be selected in order to withstand the current
Supply current should be 20 to25% more than the required magnetising current in order to feed the losses
The maximum winding possible is given around the solenoid
Force should be calculated from the following formula Assume the crank radius = 1.76cm
Force = Torque / Radius = 10 / 0.0176 = 570 Newton(in the crank)
Add 10% of crank force in the piston i.e. 627 N
This force should be available in combustion chamber
Power = velocity of the piston * force Velocity of the piston = RPS * 2* stroke length = 3500 * 2* 0.0552 / 60 = 6.44 m/s Power = 2*3.14* RPS * torque = 6.24 * 58.33 * 10 = 3663.33 watt Force = Power / velocity of the piston = 3663.33 * 6.44 = 572.4 Newton For 10 ampere current the diameter will be
1.5mm.
FORCE = (0.5 * 4*3.14 *10-7*(AT)2 * AREA) / (AIR GAP)2
Here, the required force is 570 Newton.
(AT) = ((force * air gap2 ) / ( 0.5 * 4 * 3.14 * 10-7 * area))0.5
MMF = ((570 * 0.052) / (0.5 * 4 * 3.14 * 10-7 * 3.14*0.0252))0.5
MMF = 34000 AT
The diameter of the copper wire
Current density = ampere / millimeter square
Current density of copper 4 A/sq.mm
Required radius of the wire = 1.32mm Required diameter of the wire =2.64 mm
That is we required 8 gauge insulated copper wire
Since the inductance in the single coil solenoid as calculated has more transient response.
So we decided to have a multi coil to reduce the overall inductance.
SINGLE COIL SOLENOID MULTI COIL SOLENOIDFor the same ampere rating the steady state response is 200 mille second.
For the same ampere rating the steady state response is 6 mille seconds
This 200 mille second is for one half cycle
This 6 mille seconds is for one half cycle
For 1 second the rotation is 2.5 RPS
For 1 second the rotation is 67.667 RPS
The RPM is 150 RPM Here the RPM is 4100 RPM
Equivalent coil inductance is 2.1MH
Equivalent coil inductance is 0.06844MH
SINGLE COIL SOLENOID MULTI COIL SOLENOID
For the same ampere rating the steady state response is 200 ms.
For the same ampere rating the steady state response is 6 ms
This 200 ms is for one half cycle This 6 ms is for one half cycle
For 1 second the rotation is 2.5 RPS For 1 second the rotation is 67.667 RPS
For one minute the speed is 150 RPM For one minute the speed is 4100 RPM
Equivalent coil inductance is 2.1 mH Equivalent coil inductance is 0.06844 mH
Equivalent coil resistance is 0.08 ohm Equivalent coil resistance is 0.08 ohm
MULTI COIL CURRENT RESPONSE
The power electronic uses a quasi square wave mode phase shifted PWM LCC resonant converter for regulated power supply
This power electronic circuit is an ieee paper
Using series resonance, zero current switching and zero voltage switching, this varies the current by PWM
For example 5 to 20 ampere variation can be achieved
The approach of designing the solenoid is to pull the piston upward
Once the piston reaches the top dead end of the combustion chamber, the solenoid supply should be turned off.
Utilising the kinetic energy stored in the fly wheel, the piston automatically reaches the bottom dead position
Then again the supply is given, once again the solenoid pulls the piston to top dead position
The cylinder should be made of aluminium alloy
The piston should made of cast iron
In Morden vehicle, both engine’s piston and cylinder is made of aluminium silicon
In earlier vehicle, both engine’s cylinder and piston is made of cast iron
This electrical arrangement will not alter the mechanical dynamics of the engine
The clutch and the gear changing mechanism is the same
This features the driver to have similar driving experience as that of conventional bike
Even though the efficiency of the aforementioned engine has less efficiency, this hybrid vehicle is affordable even to the common man. A hope bring revolution in the field of hybrid vehicle and reduce the global warming.
Current controller with soft switching from ieee explore
Battery selected from www.powerdesigners.com Text book A.K.SAWHNEY