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Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Large Wind Turbine Generation in Thailand
MarchMarch 2006 2006
PINIJ SIRIPUEKPONGPINIJ SIRIPUEKPONGALTERNATIVE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT ALTERNATIVE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT
DIVISIONDIVISIONEGAT PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITEDEGAT PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Wind speed and directionWind speed and direction
in Thailandin Thailand
NE- MONSOONNE- MONSOONNovember-AprilNovember-April
SW- MONSOONSW- MONSOONMay-OctoberMay-October
IntroductionIntroduction
Phuket IslandPhuket Island
The mean wind speed is varies from 2.5 m/sin the Northern part up to 4.0 m/s in the Southern part of Thailand. Some specific sites of Phuket Islandhave been measured and evaluated byEGAT , the result show that themonthly wind speed is varies from4.0 to 6.1 m/s
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Year
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Avg.
1994
4.5
4.5
4.7
3.5
6.9
6.1
6.4
5.5
6.0
3.4
3.5
4.4
5.05.0
1995
5.4
4.9
4.4
3.9
4.3
5.3
4.1
6.1
6.8
4.1
4.9
4.8
4.94.9
1996
5.0
6.2
4.5
4.0
4.2
3.5
5.8
6.2
7.6
4.3
5.0
4.9
5.15.1
1997
5.2
4.2
4.4
3.7
5.8
NA
2.1
7.3
4.0
3.3
4.6
4.94.4.55
1998
5.1
NA
NA
NA
NA
6.5
4.7
5.8
5.9
6.0
5.1
4.6
5.5.55
1999
3.8
5.2
4.5
6.3
4.3
9.8
7.6
2.3
NA
3.9
4.8
4.9
5.25.2
2000
4.6
NA
NA
3.7
3.6
NA
NA
NA
NA
7.0
4.2
3.3
4.44.4
2001
4.8
4.7
4.2
3.2
3.9
8.0
6.2
7.8
5.5
4.5
4.3
4.1
5.15.1
2002
4.4
5.5
4.6
3.8
4.5
4.3
5.0
5.2
6.2
4.2
3.2
4.5
4.64.6
2003
4.9
5.0
5.0
4.2
6.0
4.0
5.7
6.0
6.8
5.5
4.0
4.7
5.25.2
Avg.
4.85.0
4.54.04.8 5.
95.3
5.8
6.1
4.6
4.4
4.5
4.94.9
Monthly mean wind speed Monthly mean wind speed (m/s) at 36 m. above ground(m/s) at 36 m. above ground
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Wind Power Generation Technology hasWind Power Generation Technology hasbeen introduced in Thailand since 1983.been introduced in Thailand since 1983.This is mainly attributed to field test worksThis is mainly attributed to field test worksby Electricity Generating Authority of by Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT). There are several Thailand (EGAT). There are several institutions that concerning in the fieldinstitutions that concerning in the fieldof assessment wind energy, developingof assessment wind energy, developingperformance testing and monitoring ofperformance testing and monitoring ofwind turbine for generating electricity.wind turbine for generating electricity.
BackgroundsBackgrounds
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Two of 10 kW are utilized for battery Two of 10 kW are utilized for battery charging station in the year 1993. charging station in the year 1993. The 150 kW WTG was connected to the The 150 kW WTG was connected to the local distribution grid of PEA local distribution grid of PEA in the year 1996.The 150 kWin the year 1996.The 150 kWWTG was successfully WTG was successfully demonstrated at Promthep demonstrated at Promthep Alternative Energy Station, Alternative Energy Station, Phuket Island with annually Phuket Island with annually generates 200,000 kWh togenerates 200,000 kWh tothe distribution grid. the distribution grid.
BackgroundsBackgrounds
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
TABLE 1. Energy Production form WTG 150kW.(1996-2005) Phomthep, Phuket Province
Year 1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Month
Jan 019,1
9518,9
118,45
4 010,0
0232,9
4620,1
4835,1
36
21,858
Feb 010,1
4714,6
2016,4
646,50
4**23
418,9
4218,0
1215,0
369,97
4
Mar 06,65
313,1
7614,7
244,24
212,3
3011,3
7612,5
9415,7
62
18,804
Apr 05,20
212,0
8026,0
761,28
410,6
085,62
84,70
46,52
26,54
6
May 022,8
144,09
04,65
6 **026,5
5615,7
9221,6
3621,3
00 -
Jun 013,3
7123,5
067,72
848,9
4230,4
268,82
03,63
634,8
18 -
Jul
*29010
12,119
19,107
46,020
23,106
24,162
21,126
11,826
20,190 -
Aug
14,034
35,976
8,944
33,828
21,846
50,184
28,914
26,172
***6708 -
Sep
38,634
11,965
18,354
15,618
12,708
**4602
4,854
36,780
***1566 -
Oct
14,243
5,980
29,868
21,804
37,842
13,626 **48
15,366
10,740 -
Nov
15,109
11,145
16,972
11,130
7,284
20,040
**2934
4,314
10,722 -
Dec
11,483
16,974
13,817
**996
6,342
13,626
6,288
17,718
15,330 -
Total
93,503
171,541
193,445
206,502
170,100
211,560
157,668
192,906
193,830
57,182
Remark
* Installed/Start in July1996
** System errors /
Maintenance
*** Transformer Failure
The annual energy supply to the The annual energy supply to the
distribution griddistribution grid
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Wind Turbine Generator ComponentsWind Turbine Generator Components & Specification& Specification
Type : NTK 150/25Type : NTK 150/25
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
150 kW WTG 150 kW WTG Transportation to PhuketTransportation to Phuket
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Foundation & TowerFoundation & Tower
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Generator & Blades Generator & Blades InstallationInstallation
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Gear, Break and GeneratorGear, Break and Generator
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Metering & Control SystemMetering & Control System
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Wind Turbine GenerationWind Turbine Generation
150 kW150 kW
19961996
Location of Promthep Alternative Energy Station, Phuket IslandLocation of Promthep Alternative Energy Station, Phuket Island
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
1. Total Investment Cost1. Total Investment Cost 13,100,00013,100,000 Baht.Baht.
2. Electrical Energy generated2. Electrical Energy generated 197,000197,000kWh/yearkWh/year
3. O&M3. O&M 260,000260,000 Baht/yearBaht/year4. Cost of generation (4. Cost of generation (Discount rate 9.5%Discount rate 9.5%))
-: Without subsidy-: Without subsidy 9.459.45Baht/kWhBaht/kWh
5. FIRR5. FIRR 14.0014.00 %%
The Economy of 150 kW The Economy of 150 kW WTGWTG
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
EGAT plan to install large EGAT plan to install large wind turbine generation with wind turbine generation with capacity 750 kWx3 in 2008.capacity 750 kWx3 in 2008.
Objective of the WTG Objective of the WTG ProjectProject1. To get The RPS’s credits
2. To develop and educate Thai working group on wind energy
technology3. To study for expansion large wind turbine generation in
Thailand.4. To follow the national economic and social development plan.
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
This site is good for large wind turbine generation.There have the accessible road for huge mobile craneand 33 kV distribution line of Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) exists for grid connection.
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
10 kW WTG
10 kW WTG
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
1. Total Investment Cost1. Total Investment Cost 42,843,00042,843,000 Baht./setBaht./set
2. Electrical Energy generated2. Electrical Energy generated 985,000985,000kWh/yearkWh/year
3. O&M3. O&M 850,000850,000 Baht/yearBaht/year4. Cost of generation (4. Cost of generation (Discount rate 9.5%Discount rate 9.5%))
-: Without subsidy-: Without subsidy 6.186.18 Baht/kWhBaht/kWh5. FIRR5. FIRR 14.0014.00 %%
The Economy of 750 kW The Economy of 750 kW WTG ProjectWTG Project
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Future Installatio
n of 3x750
kW WTG.
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
NRE NRE TargetTarget
ss
NRE8%
NRE0.5%
Electricity
Solar 250 MWWind 100 MWMSW 100 MWHydro 350 MW
Biomass 1,040 MW
Heat(Incentive)
3,910 KTOE
Bio Fuel (Incentive)1,570 KTOE
Ethanol 3.0 M liter/dayBiodiesel 2.4 M liter/day
Electricity Existing 560 MW
2545 (2002) 2554 (2011)
R & D
ElectricitySolar 6 MWWind 0.2 MWBiomass 560 MW
Heat~ 0.00 KTOE
Bio fuel~ 0.00 KTOE
RPS
INCENTIVE
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
PDP2004
462
20.2
673.3
1373.3
2800
1400
700
2800
35 70
35
140
105
105
140
140
1057
2100
2100
2800
2800
25363
26352.2
26372.4
27045.7
28582.6
31382.6
33702.6
34577.6
41852.6
47332.6
44392.6
37442.6
39647.6
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Year
New
In
sta
lled
(M
W)
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
To
tal
Inst
alle
d C
apac
ity
(MW
)
New Installed - Fossil
RPS
Incentive + อื่�� นๆInstalled Capacity1
2 2 2
1
• 280 MW in 2008-2011• 490 MW in 2012-2015RPS TOTAL = 770 MW
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Potential & Energy Cost Potential & Energy Cost of REof REApplicability to ThailandApplicability to Thailand
(Potential)(Potential)
0.00 6.00
Unkn
ow
nPote
nti
al
Low
Know
nPote
nti
al
Mediu
mK
now
nPote
nti
al
Hig
h K
now
nPote
nti
al
Generation Cost (บาทต่�อื่หน�วย)
14.00
Biogas
Geothermal
Tidal Wave
Solar
Wind
MSW
Biomass
Small Hydro
R&DGoal = Higher Potential or Lower Cost
Exploit with R&D
Pilot Projects: Goal = Proven Models
3.00 9.00
ที่��มา : พ.พ./ DEDE
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
RPS 140 MW (EGAT Tentative)
•Mini-hydro 76.70 MW •Biomass 27.00 MW•MSW 21.00 MW•Solar 10.05 MW•Wind 5.25 MW
ที่��มา : แผน RPS ของกฟผ.
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Estimated Capacity of Estimated Capacity of Renewable Energy Power Renewable Energy Power
Plant from RPS 5%Plant from RPS 5%
ที่��มา : ประเม�นจากแผนPDP 2004
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total
Hydro 22.70 48.00 6.00 17.00 11.00 9.00 7.00 5.00 125.70
Biomass 9.00 4.00 14.00 90.00 60.00 60.00 94.00 90.00 421.00
MSW 0.00 18.00 3.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 11.00 9.00 95.00
Wind 2.25 0.00 3.00 6.00 9.00 12.00 16.00 20.00 68.25
Solar 1.05 0.00 9.00 7.00 7.00 8.00 12.00 16.00 60.05
Capacity (MW)
35.00 70.00 35.00 140.00 105.00 105.00 140.00 140.00 770
Electricity Generating Authority of ThailandElectricity Generating Authority of Thailand
ConclusionConclusion• Total Investment CostTotal Investment Cost
WTG WTG = = 1.20-1.50 US$/Watt1.20-1.50 US$/Watt
• Annual Electrical Energy Annual Electrical Energy GeneratedGeneratedWTGWTG == 1,400 kWh/kW/yr1,400 kWh/kW/yr
• Cost of Generation (without Cost of Generation (without grant)grant)WTGWTG == 6.0-7.0 Baht/kWh6.0-7.0 Baht/kWh