Originally created by www.powerpointmaniac.com and adapted for CTA Liberty by Mrs. Hugus

ZZZAPP! A jagged bolt of lightning slashes and flashes through the sky. Less than a second later, it’s gone. But then more and more brilliant bolts appear, briefly connecting the clouds to the ground. Like snowflakes and grains of sand, each bolt is unique. BOOOOM!! The sound of thunder startles you. You are glad that you are indoors, watching this dazzling “spark-a-palooza” through a window. What causes this super-charged sight that can pack a deadly wallop?

How does the electric energy in a battery get to a light bulb?

Static electricity stays in one place. But most electricity is on the go.

An electric charge in motion is called an electric current. The electric charge flows

from one place to another.An electric current travels

quickly and invisibly.Check out the closed

circuit on the next slide!

Q. What is the difference between an insulator and a conductor?

A. An insulator, such as plastic, is a material through which electric charges cannot travel easily. A conductor is a material, such as metal wire, through which electric

charges can travel easily.

• In a series circuit, electric charge can flow only in one path.

• When the power source isturned on, the charged particles in the wire flow in one direction.

• Any bulb along this path receives the same amount of electrical energy.

Series CircuitSeries Circuit

• If all of the bulbsare identical, none will be anybrighter than theothers.

• If the circuit is open, none of the lights will illuminate.

Series CircuitSeries Circuit

Today, people rarely use series circuits. Our appliances and other electrical equipment

need different amounts of current.

Parallel Circuit

• A parallel circuit has two or more paths for the electric charge to follow.

• The main loop leaves from and returns to the power source.

Parallel Circuit• Along the loop, there are little loops. Each little

loop is a separate path for the electric charge. • How the

charges flow through each little loop doesnot affect the flow of charges in any other path.

If a bulb on a parallel circuit is

broken, remaining lights

will still illuminate.

Why are most homes wired in a parallel circuit rather than a series circuit?

A parallel circuit has a number of advantages over a series circuit. If one electrical appliance in a parallel circuit malfunctions or is turned off, other devices in the loop can still receive electric current. Different electric devices can receive different amounts of electric current. All devices in a series circuit can only receive the same amount of electricity.

MagnetismMagnetism

MagnetismMagnetismA magnet is anything that attracts other

things made of iron, steel, and certain other metals.

Magnetism is a force that acts on moving electric charges and magnetic materials that are near a magnet.

The forces between magnetic poles act like forces between electric charges.

Magnetic field is the space around a magnet where the force of the magnet acts.

The shape of the magnetic field depends on the shape of the magnet.

S N

Opposites Attract

The magnetic fieldis strongest where the north and south poles come together.

Like Poles Repel

The magnetic fieldpushes the like poles apart.

If you break a magnet into two pieces, you will have two magnets, each with its own north-seeking pole and south-seeking pole.

Now, can you tell me…

What is a closed circuit?

A loop with no breaks through which electric current can flow.

What happens to an electric current at a switch?

If the switch is closed, the current flows. If the switch is open, the current does not flow.

If you find a metal bar, how can you determine if it is a magnet?

Put the metal bar near something made of iron or steel, and see if there is an attraction between the two. If there is, then the metal bar is a magnet.

What is an electric charge in motion called?

An electric charge in motion is called an electric current.

The Electrical Safety Foundation urges everyone to remember the 4 Rs of electrical safety:

Respect the power of electricity.

Read and follow the instructions that come with every electrical product

Replace worn or cracked electrical cords.

Relocate, or move, appliance cords so people will not walk on or trip over them, and children or pets can’t pull them

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