Electrical Engineering
description
Transcript of Electrical Engineering
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Electrical Engineering
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Electrical Engineering Covers two main areas: - Electricity - Electronics
All appliances and electrical devices depend on electrical circuits
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Electrical component are made with a particular
type of material: - Semiconductor (silicon)- Conductors (metals & alloys)
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Symbols for circuit components
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Direct current & Alternating current Direct current (DC): is an
electric current in which the electrons are continuously moving in the same direction.
Alternating current (AC): is an electrical current in which the electrons move back and forth in a regular pattern
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Electrical Function Is the role that a component plays in
the control or transformation of electric current.
Power supply: is the electrical function preformed by any component that can generate or provide an electric current in a circuit
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Types of power supplies Battery: Transforms
chemical energy into electrical energy
Advantages: portable, many appliances run on batteries
Disadvantages: batteries must be
replaced, contaminate the environment around the landfill by leaking heavy metals
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Electrical outlet: contains contacts and is permanently connected to an electrical network
Advantages: stable and long lasting power supply
Disadvantages: hydroelectric dams cause flooding of vast areas of land. Appliances cannot be moved far from the wall outlet
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Photovoltaic cell: (solar cell) electronic device that generates an electrical current when exposed to light.
Advantages: portable, do not produce green house gases, have a lifespan of 20 to 30 years.
Disadvantages: Depends on sunny conditions. Much more expensive to install than other sources of power.
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Conduction, insulation & protection Conduction:
When a component can transmit electric current from one part of a circuit to another
Examples of conductors: copper, gold, etc...
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Insulation :
When a component prevents an electric current from flowing.
Examples of insulators: ceramic, rubber, plastic
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Protection: Cut current flow in the even of a power surge Fuses
A filament melts/breaks if current exceeds a certain level
Breakers
A strip becomes hot and bends if current exceeds a certain level. A switch is thrown to restore circuit operation
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Open/closed circuit
Closed circuit: electric current lows in a loop
Open circuit: electric current cannot flow in a loop
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In class work P. 479
#1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14
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Transformation of energy The transformation of energy is the
electrical function performed by any component that can convert electrical energy into another form of energy
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Forms of energy Chemical
Thermal
Mechanical
Radiation
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Examples of electrical components used to transform
electrical energy Incandescent light
bulbs (luminous energy)
Heating elements (thermal energy)
Piezoelectric crystals (mechanical energy)
Electromagnets (magnetic energy)
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