U.S. History – Chapter 15

The Republican

Party &

President William H.

Taft

The Republican

Party &

President William H.

Taft

Keepthe

WhistleBlowing

Keepthe

WhistleBlowing

Taft was determined to preserve the conservative heart of the Republican Party.

Come, Mr. President. You Can’t Have

the Stage ALL of the Time!

Come, Mr. President. You Can’t Have

the Stage ALL of the Time!

William Taft• Ohio / Sec. of War under TR• Didn’t have the flare of TR• But he proved himself to be a Progressive

1.Prosecuted Twice as many Trusts as TR in only 4 years2. Expanded the number of National Forest acres

3. Pushed laws to improve safety in mines

4. Established Children’s Bureau – Protected the rights and interests of Children• Saw the Presidency as an administrative post• TR is disillusioned – Taft not a strong public leader

Republican Party Platform

Republican Party Platform

High import tariffs-Support Big Business

Put limitations on female and child labor

Workman’s Compensation Laws

Against initiative, referendum, & recall

Against “bad” trusts

Creation of a Federal Trade Commission

Conservation of natural resources because they are finite.

Republican Convention of 1912

• TR & Taft both arrive expecting the nomination of the party

Who Deserves the Nomination?

Taft or TRThe Party Chooses Taft

- TR bolts from the party

The GOP After the

CircusThe

Convention batters the Party as TR forms a 3rd

Party

The GOP After the

CircusThe

Convention batters the Party as TR forms a 3rd

Party

TR The Republican Party must stand for the rights of humanity, or else it must stand for special privilege.

The Progressive

“Bull Moose” Party

Former President Theodore Roosevelt

The Progressive

“Bull Moose” Party

Former President Theodore RooseveltPeople should riseabove their sectarianinterests to promote the general good.

TheAnti-Third-Term

Principle

TheAnti-Third-Term

Principle

Theodore Roosevelt atOsawatomie, KS: New Nationalism

Theodore Roosevelt atOsawatomie, KS: New Nationalism

Big business requires Bigger Government

The “Bull

Moose”Party:The

LatestArrivalat the

Political Zoo

The “Bull

Moose”Party:The

LatestArrivalat the

Political Zoo

We stand at Armageddon,

and we battle for the Lord!

Progressive Party Platform

Progressive Party PlatformWomen’s suffrage

Graduated income tax

Inheritance tax for the rich

Lower tariffs (opposite of GOP)

Limits on campaign spending

Minimum wage laws

NATIONAL HEALTH CARE

Abolition of child labor

Workmen’s compensation

New

Nationalism

Tariffs & Big Business- Automobiles

Tariffs

USAFord

Foreign competitionToyota

______________________Would Big Business in

America rather

have Higher or Lower Tariffs?

The Socialist Party

& Eugene V. Debs

The Socialist Party

& Eugene V. Debs

The issue is Socialism versus Capitalism. I am for Socialism because I am for humanity.

“The Working Class Candidates”

“The Working Class Candidates”

Eugene V. Debs Emil Seigel support from workers for President for VP(unions)

Growth of the Socialist VoteGrowth of the Socialist VoteYear

Socialist Party

Socialist Labor Party Total

1888   2,068 2,068

1890   13,704 13,704

1892   21,512 21,512

1894   30,020 30,020

1896   36,275 36,274

1898   82,204 82,204

1900 96,931 33,405 130,336

1902 223,494 53,763 277,257

1904 408,230 33,546 441,776

1906 331,043 20,265 351,308

1908 424,488 14,021 438,509

1910 607,674 34,115 641,789

1912 901,873

The Industrial Worker: I. W. W.

The Industrial Worker: I. W. W.

The first American labor group to open its membership to all wage-earning workers, regardless of skill, nationality, race, sex, or gender.

Socialist Party PlatformSocialist Party Platform

Government ownership of railroads and utilities

Guaranteed income tax

No tariffs

8-hour work day

Better housing

Government inspection of factories

Women’s suffrage

The Democratic Party &Governor Woodrow

Wilson (NJ)

The Democratic Party &Governor Woodrow

Wilson (NJ)

Could he rescue the Democratic Party from “Bryanism”??

The ReformGovern

orof NJ:

It TakesTime

to Remov

ethe

Grime

The ReformGovern

orof NJ:

It TakesTime

to Remov

ethe

Grime

Woodrow Wilson• Virginia 1856• Learning disability – couldn’t read until 11• Father was a Presbyterian Minister• Taught him moral values• PhD in political Science – Prof. for 16 yrs• President of Princeton U. (1902-10) - NJ• He had no political experience but, wrote

books about govt. while teaching

Wilson becomes a Politician

• Books seemed to show he believed the Republican reforms were too extreme

• Nominated by James Smith (NJ Party Boss)

- to run for Governor in 1910 as Dem.(Electable/Novice/Non Threatening Appearance)

• Elected Gov. in 1910 - NJ• Declared independence from the machine• Supported many progressive reforms in NJ

Democratic Party Platform

Democratic Party PlatformGovernment control of the

monopolies trusts in general were bad eliminate them!!

Tariff reduction

One-term President

Direct election of Senators

Create a Department of Labor

Strengthen/Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Did NOT support women’s suffrage

New

Freedom

TR&

Women’s

Suffrage:

The Militan

t Recruit

TR&

Women’s

Suffrage:

The Militan

t Recruit

UpAgain

st the

Hurdles

UpAgain

st the

Hurdles

Woman Suffrage Before 1920

Woman Suffrage Before 1920

TR gets Shot in MilwaukeeOct. 14th by John Schrank

(Believed in 2 Terms)“Friends, I shall ask you to be as

quiet as possible. I don't know whether you fully

understand that I have just been shot; but it takes more than that to kill a Bull Moose. The bullet is in me now, so that I cannot

make a very long speech, but I will try my best.”

• Wilson – suspends

campaign while TR is in the hospital

1912 Election Results - Votes

• Wilson (D) 6.3 million• TR (P) 4.1 million• Taft (R) 3.5 million• Debs (S) .9 million

What did Taft & TR effectively do?

look at math problem on next slide

GOP Divided by Bull Moose

Equals Democratic Victory!

GOP Divided by Bull Moose

Equals Democratic Victory!

Election ResultsElection Results

By 1912, 100,000 fewer people had voted for Wilson than had voted for Bryan in 1908.

The 1912 election marked the high pt. of the Socialist movement in America.

TheGOP:

AnExtinctAnimal

?

TheGOP:

AnExtinctAnimal

?

Assignment- Ch 15.3 p. 537-540 ebook

– Due:_________ 25pts• Wilson’s New Freedoms Program

consisted of Four main Categories1) Tariffs2) Banks3) Trusts4) Reforms for Workers

Explain each Category:• What was the issue? • What was created to carry out his plan ? • Did he succeed? Did he Compromise?

– 1 page:

Answers

1.Tariffs – Underwood Tariff- reduced rate to about 30% of

the value of the goods or 1/2 of what is was in the 1890’s

Underwood Tariff also had a provision for the collection of a direct income tax(1%) – 16th Am in 1913

2. Reforming Banks The Federal Reserve Act- 12 Regional Banks with the Power to set interest rates to control the economy

3. Trusts Creation of the FTC

– Federal Trade Commission

To monitor Am. Business so they would stop unfair trade practices(slow)

Clayton Antitrust Act outlawed practices that restricted competition – stronger than the Sherman

4. Reforms for WorkersKeating-Owen Child Labor Law

- prohibited the employment of kids U14 in factories producing goods for interstate commerce

1918 – declared unconstitutional

(child labor is not interstate commerce so only the state could enforce)

Adamson Act – 8 hr workday for RR workers

Federal Farm Loan Act – low interest loans