Election 1928 The Democratic Party Begins to Shift.
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Transcript of Election 1928 The Democratic Party Begins to Shift.
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Election 1928
The Democratic Party Begins to Shift
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Democratic Party and FDR 1932Democratic Party and FDR 1932
Platform• Repeal Prohibition• Assist Farmers• Balanced Budget• Confidence and Optimism• Roosevelt Promises a “New Deal” for Americans
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Group Activity
• For the Great Depression problem (8) assigned to your group, what remedies were undertaken during the New Deal? How would you evaluate these remedies?
Thinking Skill: Explicitly assess information and draw conclusions
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1. LeadershipFireside Chats
Relief, Recover, Reform
Confidence
“Brain Trust”
Charisma
Pump Priming
Keynesian Economics
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What is meant by the expression “priming the pump”?
What is Keynesian economics?
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Eleanor and FDR
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2. Banking and MoneyRemedies
Bank Holiday -- Recovery
Glass-Steagall Act created FDIC -- Reform (Relief and Recovery)
Emergency Banking Relief Act – Relief/Recovery
- Fireside chat to regain confidence
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/mediaplay.php?id=14540&admin=32
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Run on the Banks
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3. Unemployment
Remedies
CCC -- Relief (Recovery)
PWA -- Relief (Recovery)
CWA -- Relief (Recovery)
FER--Relief
NY--Relief
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3. Unemployment*2nd New Deal (1935)
(2nd Hundred Days)Remedies
Emergency Relief Appropriations Act
Created WPA -- Relief (Recovery) (1935)Roads, subways, airports, zoosSchoolsArtists Writers ComposersActors
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The New Deal
WPA Worker’s First Paycheck
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Harry Hopkins and WPA Actors
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A Pensive Hopkins
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4. FarmingAAA (1933)-paid farmers subsidies
-exclusive tax on companies which processed farm products -unconstitutional violates 10th
Amendment
Second AAA (1938) -- Relief (Recovery)
-general tax=constitutional
Rural Electrification Administration -- Relief (Recovery)
Farm Security Administration (FSA)-Relief
Farm Tenancy Act
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Rural Electrification Admin. Project Dedication
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5. Industry and LaborRemedies
NIRA-National Industrial Recovery Act-
-Set industry codes / unconstitutional
Wagner Act --> NLRA
National Labor Relations Board-authority to conduct voting in workplaces to determine whether employees wanted union representation
**Growth of Unions
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CIO
• AFL vs. CIO • AFL-skilled workers• John Lewis -1935-Committee for Industrial
Organization• Represented an end to divisions based on
social rank – GM sit-down strike – US Steel
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NRA: “We Do Our Part”
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6. Assistance for the Elderly, Disabled and Unemployed
Remedy
Social Security Act – Reform (1935)
-Old age pensions
-survivor benefits
-unemployment insurance
-aid for dependent and disabled
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Social Security Check
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Frances Perkins (left) with Social Security Board Member Mary W. (Molly) Dewson. 1/20/38. FDR Library Photo.
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7. Environment
Remedies
CCC -- Relief
(Recovery)
TVA -- Reform
(Relief and Recovery)
TVA: Norris Dam, Norris, TNTVA: Norris Dam, Norris, TN
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CCC Hauling Rock
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8. Securities
• Solution: Federal Securities Act
-forced companies to share info with public to prevent over-speculation
– Est. • SEC (Securities Exchange Commission)
-Watchdog over stock market
-Reform Stock Market
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Answer the questions in your Answer the questions in your groups from beforegroups from before
Pretend you are a critic…What Pretend you are a critic…What do you think of the New Deal?do you think of the New Deal?– Which New Deal remedies were most Which New Deal remedies were most
successful? Which were not?successful? Which were not?– Which were the longest lasting?Which were the longest lasting?– Do you agree or disagree with FDR’s Do you agree or disagree with FDR’s
approach?approach?– Were FDR’s policies Liberal or Were FDR’s policies Liberal or
Conservative?Conservative?
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The Spectrum with Politics in MindThe Spectrum with Politics in Mind
Rad
ical
Libera
l
Mod
era
te
Con
serv
ati
ve R
eact
ion
ar
y
“LEFT” “RIGHT”
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How did critics and demagogues like Father Coughlin impact the New Deal?
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Major New Deal CriticsMajor New Deal Critics
Father CoughlinFather Coughlin Huey Long “Kingfish”Huey Long “Kingfish” Francis TownsendFrancis Townsend American Liberty League American Liberty League
– What were their criticisms?What were their criticisms?– What were their plans?What were their plans?
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Election of 1936
• Ignored Rep. nominee, Governor Alf Landon of Kansas (2 states)
• Union Party (Coughlin & Townsend) (>2%) • Republicans attacked FDR being overly
bureaucratic/planned economy • Momentous shift African Americans in
North switched from Rep. party of Lincoln to Democratic Party
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Conservative Supreme Conservative Supreme CourtCourt
What issues did it have with the New Deal? What issues did it have with the New Deal? Why?Why?– Gave president too much power over other Gave president too much power over other
branchesbranches– May 1935- May 1935- Schechter Poultry Corporation v. Schechter Poultry Corporation v.
United StatesUnited States-destroyed key parts of NIRA-destroyed key parts of NIRA– 1936- 1936- United States v. Butler United States v. Butler –exclusive tax –exclusive tax
used to raise money for farmer subsidies in used to raise money for farmer subsidies in AAA=unconstitutionalAAA=unconstitutional
How did FDR try to combat the Court?How did FDR try to combat the Court?– Court Packing (1937)Court Packing (1937)
What was the final outcome?What was the final outcome?– Lost Lost
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What are these artists commenting on? Why was it significant?
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Life During the New Deal Life During the New Deal
Answer questions on handout Answer questions on handout
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Why does unemployment increase in 1938? What is the significance of this increase?
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Answer the questions on the Answer the questions on the “Impact of the ND” handout“Impact of the ND” handout
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In the End, was the New In the End, was the New Deal Liberal or Deal Liberal or Conservative?Conservative?
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Reflect on the following question:
What is the proper role of government?
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Some Important Terms for Some Important Terms for TestTest
RFCRFC SECSEC NRANRA AAAAAA WPAWPA TVATVA CCCCCC
This Land is my LandThis Land is my Land
SSA (Social Security)SSA (Social Security) CWACWA PWAPWA FDICFDIC Federal Emergency Federal Emergency
Relief ActRelief Act Federal Securities ActFederal Securities Act Wagner ActWagner Act
New Deal for ChristmasNew Deal for Christmas