ELC 200 Day 5, 6 & 7. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 2 Agenda...
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Transcript of ELC 200 Day 5, 6 & 7. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 2 Agenda...
WWWWWW
ELC 200
Day 5, 6 & 7
2WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Agenda
• Assignment #1 partially corrected– Still waiting for late assignments– Grades are posted for those I have graded
• Assignment #2 due next class• Quiz # 1 on Jan 30
– Change to syllabus– Chap 1-3 of text– 15 M/C (60 Points), 4 Short Essay (40 Points)
• Today we’ll discuss the World Wide Web and Internet Architecture
3WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Cable Types
• Twisted-Pair Cable
• Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
• Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
• Optical Fiber
• Coaxial Cable
• Wireless Technology
Internet Architecture: Cable Types
4WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
UTP Cable
5WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Twisted-Pair Cable• Consists of two pairs of insulated copper wires
twisted around each other• Advantages
– Protect against cross talk & interference– Easy to add computers to network– Well understood technology– Less expensive
• Disadvantages– Susceptibility to noise– Least secure– Distance limitations– Requires more expensive hubs
Internet Architecture: Cable Types
6WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
• Pair of wires do not have the shielding against electrical interference
• Advantages– Less expensive– Easy to install
• Disadvantages– Vulnerable to electromagnetic interference &
crosswalk– Subject to attenuation
Internet Architecture: Cable Types
7WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
• An electrically grounded woven copper mesh wrapped around each twisted pair
• Advantage– Reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI)
• Disadvantage– Makes the wiring thick and is difficult to
maintain
Internet Architecture: Cable Types
8WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Optical Fiber
9WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Optical Fiber• Uses light rather than voltage to indicate one and
zeros• Advantages
– High speed transmission– High security– Smallest in size– Supports voice & video data
• Disadvantages– Expensive– Difficult to install– Require two cables to transmit & receive data– Require special connections
Internet Architecture: Cable Types
10WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Coaxial Cable
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Coaxial Cable• Copper center shielded by a plastic insulating
material• Advantages
– Transmits up to 10Mbps over 500m– Easy to install– Low maintenance– Good resistance to noise over long distances
• Disadvantages– Inflexible– Low security– Limited distance
Internet Architecture: Cable Types
12WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Wireless Technology• Microwave
– Connect LANs in separate buildings
• Radio waves– No distance limitations– Susceptible to atmospheric and electronic
interference– Subject to government regulations
• Infrared transmissions– Interference from bright light
Internet Architecture: Cable Types
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Key Components of A Network
• Network Interface Card (NIC)
• Hubs & Switches
• Routers
• Gateways
Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network
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Network Hardware
NICHUB
SWITCH
ROUTER/GATEWAY
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Network Interface Card
• Installed in a slot with a cable plugged into the back
• Plugged into a wall jack connection or into the hub/switch directly
• Modem – Converts digital signals into analog form for
transmission and incoming analog signals into digital signal across the telephone line
Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network
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Hubs & Switches
• Hub– Operates at Physical Layer– Acts as a connecting point– Passive, active, and intelligent hubs
• Switch– Offers direct connection to a particular PC– Available for almost every OSI level
Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network
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Routers
• Operate at Internet Layer
• Evaluate network traffic and stop local traffic from causing congestion
• Filter out packets that need not be received
• Expensive & difficult to operate
Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network
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Gateways
• Special-purpose computer allowing communications between dissimilar systems on the network
• Operate at Application Layer primarily
• Difficult to install & configure
• Expensive
Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network
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Factors in Designing a Network
• Location
• Capacity
• Distance limitations
• Cost
• Potential growth
• Security
Internet Architecture: Factors in Designing a Network
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Factors in Selecting Network Architecture
• Hardware requirements
• Software requirements
• Disaster recovery & fault-tolerance requirements
• Corporate culture and organizational factors
Internet Architecture: Factors in Designing a Network
21WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Network Management System
• Manager
• Managed Nodes
• Objects
• Management Information Base (MIB)
• Requests & responses
Internet Architecture: Network Management System
22WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Network Management Based on SNMP
ManagementInformationBase (MIB)
ManagementInformationBase (MIB)
ManagementInformationBase (MIB)
Network ManagementSoftware (Manager)
Simple NetworkManagement Protocol (SNMP)
RMON Probe
Command (Get, Set, etc.)
Response
Trap
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Large-Scale E-commerce Issues
• Financial exposure
• IP exposure
• Legal security
• Packet sniffing
24WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Ensuring Corporate and Information Security
• Firewalls
• IP Security
• Intrusion detection systems
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Management Implications Technical Talents Required
• Programming– Procedural & Scripting
– Object Oriented
– Markup Languages
• System analysis– Needs assessment
– System design and Specification
– Project Management
• Networks– Design
– Administration
– Security
• Databases– Design
– Transaction programming
– Administration
26WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Management Implications
• High demand for Technical talent– Project Management – Business Knowledge – Communication Skills– High Salaries
• Retaining Talent– Constructive & Timely Feedback– Recognition & Appreciation– Championing Staff Causes– Support Employee Career goals– Match Industry Standards for Salary
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Chapter 4
Intranets and Extranets
28WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
OBJECTIVES
• Introduction
• Technical Infrastructure
• Planning an Intranet
• E-mail and Intranet
• Extranets
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WHAT IS AN INTRANET?
• An organization-wide software and information distribution system applying Internet technology to a closed network
• Intranet operation is a communication project designed by technical staff
• A network of people, not wired machines• Usually runs in a client/server environment
and a local area network configuration
30WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
BENEFITS• Links employees and managers together• Automates a lot of intra-organizational
traffic• Enables a company to gain better access to
its primary resources – knowledge and experience
• Serves as a creative and empowering tool• Establishes the foundation for developing
enterprise-wide information systems
31WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
BENEFITS (Cont’d)
• Provides a model for new internal information management collaborative computing
• Prepares a wealth of Internet knowledge to employees
• Eases process integration
• Allows company to expand the system
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APPLICATIONS
• Human Resources– Employee handbook– Benefits information– Employee surveys– Internal/external recruiting– Candidate screening– Organizational charts– Newsletters– Company calendars
33WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
APPLICATIONS (Cont’d)
• Sales and Marketing– Product information– Market research– Prospecting– Managing sales contacts– Sales training
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APPLICATIONS (Cont’d)
• Accounting and Finance– Financial reports– Expense reports– Accounts receivable/payable processing– Asset management– Policies and procedures– Payroll
35WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
APPLICATIONS (Cont’d)
• Manufacturing and Operations– Inventory control– Production schedules– Quality assurance– Part order/requisition system
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WHY DOES A COMPANY NEED AN INTRANET?
• A company has a large pool of information to share among hundreds of its employees
• Intranets are cheap, robust and fast
• Intranets operate across platforms
• 24/7 to employees
• Information in intranet can be updated quickly
37WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
• Client/Server Basis– Client/Server software architecture: a versatile,
message-based, and modular infrastructure intended to improve usability, flexibility, interoperability and scalability
– Mainframe architecture: all intelligence is within the central host computer
38WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
TYPES OF CLIENT/SERVER ARCHITECTURE
• Two-tier architectures– For an organization with 12-100 users
• Three-tier architectures– User system interface– Processing management– Database management
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TWO-TIER ARCHITECTURE DESIGN
User System Interface
Database Management
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THREE-TIER ARCHITECTURE DESIGN
User System Interface
Database Management
Process Management
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BASIC INTRANET-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES
• Server and Client PCs
• Web Server
• Browsers
• TCP/IP Electronic Mail
• Graphic and Multimedia Files
• Network File System (NFS)
• Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
• HTML Authoring Tools
• HTML
• Portable Electronic Document (PDF)
42WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
USING FIREWALLS
• Proxy– “Go-between” agent that acts on behalf of
another
• Packet Filter– Checks each packet at network level
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ELC 200
Day 6
44WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Agenda
• Assignment #1 corrected– 8 A’s and 2 C’s
• Assignment #2 due• Quiz # 1 Today
– Chap 1-3 of text– 15 M/C (60 Points), 4 Short Essay (40 Points)– Open book 60 min
• Today we’ll discuss the World Wide Web and Internet Architecture
WWWWWW
ELC 200
Day 7
46WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Agenda
• Assignment #2 Corrected– 2 A’s, 5 B’s, 1 D, 1 F and 1 non-submit
• Quiz # 1 Corrected– 8 A’s, 1 B and 1 non-take
• Assignment #3 assigned today– Due Feb 10
• Today finish Intranets and Extranets• Begin Discussion on Web Management Tools and
Web Portals
47WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Assignment # 3
• On page 129 and 130 – Do the following questions from the Discussion
Questions Section– 1, 2, 3 & 7
• On Page 157 – Do the following questions from the Discussion
Questions Section– 1, 2, 4, & 6
• Turn in a well formatted Word Document• Due Feb 10 at the beginning of class
48WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
PLANNING AN INTRANET
• Plan ahead
• Provide justification with management support
• Build an intranet in-house or outsource it
• Form an Intranet team
• Build and test a prototype
• Ensure effective maintenance
49WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
E-MAIL and INTRANET
• Spamming– Sending unwanted advertisements or literature
through e-mail
• Flaming– Responding to a message or a call in anger
50WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
E-MAIL ETIQUETTE
• Write in different color to express attitude or mood
• Keep sentences short• Be aware of your office and organization culture• Avoid flaming• Don’t use e-mail to send bad news• Don’t type in capital letters
51WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
EXTRANETS
• Lets limited, controlled business partners interact with the firm for all kinds of exchanges
• System designers must collaborate to make sure there is a common interface with the company they are dealing with
• Benefits: faster time-to-market, customer loyalty, increased partner interaction, and improved processes
52WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
KEY CONSIDERATIONS
• Identifying users
• Listing technology components
• Specifying security requirements
• Discussing administration of extranet
• Understanding usability of extranet
53WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
• Security– Type of users– Sensitivity of information transacted– Communication lines used
• Manageability / administration
• Usability
54WWWWWW Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
ROLE OF CHAMPION
• Ensures accountability for the organization
• Promotes more effective collaboration with business partners which improves potential for increased revenue
• Provides a long-term investment in competitive advantage