El Renacido (the Revenant) Press Book

8/20/2019 El Renacido (the Revenant) Press Book

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Ansparlkl jn ejgeds rjlojs, JO ]JNLGAKD ([EJ ]JRJNLN[) js unl ápagl eastdral kj

supjrajngal ! trlns"dr#lga$n %uj tajnj ou&lr jn jo slol'j Djstj l#jraglnd Kurlntj unl jpjkaga$n

jn jsls anjpodrlkls tajrrls *r&jnjs, jo oj&jnklrad jpodrlkdr Eu&e +olss (Ojdnlrkd KaGlprad) rjsuotl

rutlo#jntj ejrakd pdr un dsd, ! kjspuás js llnkdnlkd pdr sus prdpads gd#pl-jrds kj glgjr*l

.draunkd ! lsdoutl#jntj sdod, +olss sj naj&l l pjrjgjr A#puoslkd pdr su "ujr/l kj dountlk ! pdr jo

l#dr %uj sajntj elgal su jspdsl, unl nltal l#jraglnl, ! su ea'd, +olss j#prjnkj un al'j kj #9s kj


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east$ragd A-9rratu lpdrtl su glrlgtjr*stagl gd#anlga$n kj an#jkaltj/ asulo j anta#aklk j#dgadnlo l unl

eastdral %uj trlnspdrtl lo p0oagd elstl unl ápdgl ! un ou&lr %uj rlrl#jntj el lplrjgakd jn ol asgjrlo

ganj#ltd&rl"*l lgtulo

Ol prdkugga$n kjo "ao#j, %uj &arl jn tdrnd l ol grukj/l kj ods jntdrnds slol'js, rj"oj'$ ols kurls

gdnkagadnjs %uj +olss ! gd#pl-*l j"jgtal#jntj sdpdrtlrdn kurlntj jo sa&od 5A5 A-9rratu ! ol tdtloaklkkj su j%uapd tágnagd ! lrt*stagd jstlln prjplrlkds plrl tdkd od %uj ojs jgelrln, lgjptlnkd ods kjsl"*ds

%uj supdn*l rdklr jn Glnlk9 ! Lr&jntanl, rj&adnjs "l#dsls pdr su a#prjasaoj goa#l ! tjrratdrads

*r&jnjs, gdn jo "an kj ooj&lr l gd#prjnkjr pojnl#jntj ol jpjrajngal kj ods trl#pjrds l prangapads kjo

sa&od 5A5

A-9rratu gdoldr$ jstrjgel#jntj gdn jo lgtdr &lnlkdr kjo +odd kj Drd ! nd#anlkd lo 8rj#ad kj ol

Lglkj#al Ojdnlrkd KaGlprad, %uj antjrprjtl un pjrsdnl'j 0nagd, tln antjnsd "*sagl#jntj gd#d

j#dgadnlo#jntj sangjrd :untd gdn jo lgtdr &lnlkdr kjo >L2[L [d# Elrk! ! ods gáojrjs lgtdrjs

Kd#enloo +ojjsdn ! 4aoo 8duotjr, A-9rratu kara&a$ l un ejtjrd&ánjd rjplrtd, gd#pujstd pdr lrtastlsantjrnlgadnlojs ! nltads l#jraglnds, elstl un plslkd dguotd A-9rratu doa$ l unarsj lo karjgtdr kj

"dtd&rl"*l J##lnujo Ouj7/a, gdndgakd gd#d IJo Gead, &lnlkdr kjo 8rj#ad kj ol Lglkj#al, plrl

lpdrtlr su gdn'untd ! glrlgtjr*stagd jstaod kj rdkl'j jn jtjradrjs, gdn ol g9#lrl "odtlnkd pdr jo plasl'jM !

%uj l jgjs sj lgjrgl tlntd %uj elstl jo prdpad loajntd kj ods pjrsdnl'js sj elgj prjsjntj asulo#jntj

A-9rratu tl#aán gdnt$ gdn jo #jtaguodsd lsjsdrl#ajntd kj lsjsdrjs east$ragds gdn jo "an kj jstukalr

"ajo#jntj ols &ujrrls tjrratdralojs gdn ols traus nltals %uj pdstjradr#jntj sj gdnjrtar*ln jn #ltjralo

9sagd kjo #atd kjo slol'j Djstj

Ol oj!jnkl kj +olss gd#jn/$ jn 63?


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a&ndtds ! guoturls kjsgdndgakls, jn un al'j %uj sj gdnajrtj nd s$od jn ol 0s%ujkl kj un l'ustj kj

gujntls sand tl#aán jn unl rjkjnga$n .ajntrls ltrlajsl jo slol'j Djstj jn su gdn"usd jstlkd, +olss

ooj&l l rjgel/lr ol njgjsaklk kj kjstrugga$n %uj unl j/ oj a#puos$ 1j el gdnjrtakd jn un I]jnlgakdM

und %uj doa$ kj jntrj ods #ujrtds

A-9rratu sj-lol; IOl eastdral kj +olss elgj ols sa&uajntjs prj&untls; uaánjs sd#ds gulnkd ndselool#ds gd#pojtl#jntj kjspd'lkds kj tdkd Kj %uá jst9 ejged jo ed#rj ! kj %uá js glpl/

Ojdnlrkd KaGlprad l-lkj; I Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) js un angrj*oj al'j pdr ods joj#jntds

#9s grukds kj unl L#áragl anjpodrlkl Elol sdrj jo pdkjr kjo jsp*ratu eu#lnd Ol eastdral kj Eu&e

+olss js jo #ltjralo kj ods gujntds kj gl#pl#jntd, pjrd Loj'lnkrd lprdjgel su oj!jnkl plrl jpodrlr od

%uj rjlo#jntj sa&na"agl tjnjrod tdkd jn gdntrl, od %uj jo jsp*ratu eu#lnd pujkj ooj&lr l sdpdrtlr ! %uá oj

sugjkj l un ed#rj gulnkd j"jgtal#jntj sdrjaj

8lrl A-9rratu, ol pjo*guol Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) supdnj un &ard kj 63= &rlkds jn rjolga$n lo

#unkd antjradr %uj rjtrlt$ jn Markhln [rls gdngjntrlrsj jn ols njurdsas kj ods taj#pds lgtulojs, ledrlA-9rratu gl#al lsdoutl#jntj kj tj#l ! ldrkl unl ápagl eastdral kjo plslkd ndrtjl#jraglnd, gdn sus

gdntanuls tjnsadnjs jntrj rutloaklk ! gaas#d, sjrjnaklk ! l#aga$n

I8lrl #*, jstj prd!jgtd "uj un suj-d kurlntj #9s kj gangd l-ds, kagj A-9rratu IJs unl antjnsl !

j#dtal eastdral %uj gdntrlstl gdn un jood ! ápagd tjo$n kj "dnkd %uj jpodrl ols akls kj l%ujoods

trl#pjrds %uj grjg*ln jsparatulo#jntj #ajntrls "*sagl#jntj su"r*ln jndr#j#jntj Lun%uj &rln plrtj kj

ol eastdral kj +olss js lp$gra"l, ej#ds antjntlkd #lntjnjrnds #u! "ajojs l od %uj jsds ed#rjs

sdpdrtlrdn jn jsds tjrratdrads l0n pdr kjslrrdoolr Jpjra#jntl#ds gdnkagadnjs "*sagls ! tágnagls #u!

ka"*gaojs plrl gdnsj&uar jtrljr ols &jnuanls j#dgadnjs kj jstl angrj*oj ljnturlL A-9rratu oj "lsganll g$#d un pjoa&rd jtrj#d nds pujkj ooj&lr l kjslrltlr ! nds pjr#atj

asou#rlr %uá js od %uj jrklkjrl#jntj nds sdstajnjM g$#d pujkj slglr l ol ou/ gdsls %uj elr*ln

pjr#lnjgakd dguotls sa jsl pujrtl l ol #drtloaklk nungl sj euajrl lajrtd Jo #dntl-jrd ]janedok

.jssnjr ka'd unl j/ jn rjolga$n gdn ods pjoa&rds kj ol nlturloj/l; I Nd lprjnkjhds od `rlnkjs quj

sdhds. prjnkjhds od !r"`aojs # vuonjrlmojs quj sdhds # jo hajkd quj sjntahds. $%od pujkjs ooj`lr l

gdhprjnkjr jsd gulnkd tj j&pdnjs l un jndrhj pjoa`rd'. Ol kasj-lkdrl kj jstulrad :lg%ujoanj 4jst oj

rjsplokl, sj-lolnkd, I+olss js un pjrsdnl'j %uj jntrl jn gdntlgtd gdn su prdpal #drtloaklk, ! jsd js lo&d

#u! pdtjntjJsl gdn"rdntlga$n gdn ol #drtloaklk sj jntrjol/l, lkj#9s, gdn unl anusulo eastdral kj l#dr jntrj

plkrj j ea'd; ol kj un ed#rj %uj jn su #d#jntd kj #l!dr kjtjradrd sj l"jrrl #9s %uj nungl l ol akl

I Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) js unl eastdral kj purl ! kurl supjrajngal pjrd tl#aán kj unl

jspjrln/l ansparlkdrl, l"ar#l A-9rratu I8lrl #*, ol plrtj a#pdrtlntj jrl trlns#atar jstl ljnturl gdn un

7


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sjntakd kj sdrprjsl ! kjsgura#ajntd, gd#d unl jpodrlga$n tlntd kj ol nlturloj/l slol'j gd#d kj ol

prdpal nlturloj/l eu#lnl

Jo prdkugtdr 1tjj +doan dsjrl; ILoj'lnkrd saj#prj lpdrtl jrklk l tdkd od %uj elgj El!

grukj/l jn su trll'd, pjrd tl#aán el! un joj#jntd jsparatuloM ! jn Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) jsd kl

ou&lr l unl pdtjntj gd#anlga$n %uj nungl lntjs el*l#ds astd rj"oj'lkl ls*?=te Gjntur! 2d ! NjB ]j&jng! prjsjntln Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt), pjo*guol prdtl&dna/lkl

pdr Ojdnlrkd KaGlprad, [d# Elrk!, Kd#enloo +ojjsdn, 4aoo 8duotjr, 2drrjst +ddkoug7, 8luo Lnkjrsdn,

@rastd""jr :dnjr, :dseul >ur&j ! Kulnj EdBlrk Jo "ao#j jst9 kara&akd pdr Loj'lnkrd +dn/9oj/ A-9rratu !

jo &ua$n js drl kj .lr7 O 1#ate ! jo prdpad A-9rratu, lslkd plrgalo#jntj jn ol ndjol jsgratl pdr

.ageljo 8un7j Ods prdkugtdrjs sdn A-9rratu, Lrndn .aogeln (


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rjprjsjntlntj gd#jrgalo jn Jstlkds Fnakds, pjrd tl#aán el sjntakd saj#prj unl &rln "lsganlga$n pdr ods

Ied#rjs kj ol #dntl-l, od %uj oj el oojlkd l jpodrlr tdkls ols "ujntjs plrl prdpdrgadnlr ol a#l&jn

#9s rjloastl kj +olss elstl ol "jgel

Jo oard "uj lollkd pdr umoasejr2s 0jj5o#, %uj od gloa"ag$ gd#d Iunl "lsganlntj eastdral kj

ejrd*s#d ! jn&ln/l dsjsal, ! sj gdnarta$ jn "ldratd kj ods ojgtdrjs 9akds kj &rlnkjs ljnturlsJntrj kageds ojgtdrjs, sj jngdntrlln trjs prdkugtdrjs kj ol gd#pl-*l Lndn!#dus Gdntjnt; 1tjj +doan,

@jate ]jk#dn ! Klak @lntjr

I1aj#prj #j eln &ustlkd ols pjo*guols kj supjrajngal jn ol nlturloj/l, ! l tdkds nds plrjga$ %uj

ástl pdk*l sjr unl angrj*oj ! dra&anlo ljnturl, rjgujrkl +doan I8lrl Klak, @jate ! !d #as#d, jstd el

sakd un olr&d al'j, pjrd jstl#ds #u! gdntjntds kj %uj "ungadnlrl kj ol "dr#l jn %uj od ea/d gdn jo

jtrldrkanlrad &rupd kj pjrsdnls %uj ol rjloa/lrdn Nd "uj "9gao, pjrd el sakd un suj-d ejged rjloaklk jn

od %uj sj rj"ajrj l ol grjltaaklk %uj ol eastdral ansparll

Lndn!#dus Gdntjnt rjgout$ l .lr7 O 1#ate plrl jsgraar jo &ua$n 1#ate ad jn jstl eastdral oldpdrtunaklk kj ranklr lo p0oagd unl jpjrajngal %uj ka"*gao#jntj pdkj#ds a#l&anlr jn nujstrls

tjgndo$&agls akls kjo sa&od 55A

IJn ol káglkl kj 63?=, gulnkd tj llnkdnlln jn pojnl nlturloj/l, jstlls llnkdnlkd jn pojnl

nlturloj/l Nd pdk*ls slglr un a8ednj kj tu dosaood, sj-lol 1#ate I+olss sj j a#pjoakd l sdpdrtlr

jpjrajngals glsa ana#l&anlojs; kjskj gljr pdr glsglkls elstl ougelr gdntrl odds pdr un 0"lod 1u

eastdral js unl ljnturl, pjrd tl#aán js un j#dtad ! "rugt*"jrd al'j, ! !d jspjrll %uj tl#aán pukajrl

sjr un sdrprjnkjntj jspjgt9guod asulo

Kagel jspjrln/l sj gdnarta$ jn rjloaklk gulnkd A-9rratu sj angdrpdr$ lo prd!jgtd, gdn"alnkd jnsu#jr&ar karjgtl#jntj lo p0oagd jn un #unkd %uj el "lsganlkd ! ltrl*kd kurlntj #uged taj#pdM pjrd

%uj, san j#lr&d, pjr#lnjg*l anlggjsaoj IJstl eastdral js #u! ka"jrjntj &rlgals l Loj'lnkrd Lo

prangapad #j a#plgt$ jo ejged kj %uj oj antjrjslrl jo prd!jgtd, lk#atj 1#ate I8jrd unl j/ %uj j#pj/$

l trll'lr jn jo &ua$n, tdkd gdr$ akl Loj'lnkrd sj a#poagl #uged ! js #u! grjltad Ol gdoldrlga$n

jntrj l#ds "uj #lrlaoodsl

L NjB ]j&jng! oj jntusals#ll jo ejged kj trll'lr gdn A-9rratu Jo karjgtdr j'jgutad ! prjsakjntj

>rlk 4jstdn sj-lol; INds gd#prd#jta#ds lsdoutl#jntj gdn ol asa$n kj Loj'lnkrdM jntjnk*l#ds ol

jnjr&lkurl ! ol ka#jnsa$n kj su jn"d%uj ls* gd#d ol njgjsaklk kj "ojaaoaklk, ! od a#ds gd#d unldpdrtunaklk kj dojr l nujstrls rl*gjs gd#d gd#pl-*l kj prdkugga$n lslkl jn jo puntd kj astl kjo

karjgtdr Od a#ds gd#d un prd!jgtd #u! grjltad, pjrd tl#aán gd#d unl eastdral kj jndr#j !

&jnjrloa/lkd ltrlgtad gd#jrgalo

A-9rratu l-lka$ "agtagads &ards lr&u#jntlojs l ols !l lp$gra"ls eastdrals sdrj +olss, #ajntrls

prd"unka/ll gdnstlntj#jntj jn ol jpodrlga$n kj ods tj#ls %uj trlsoug*ln l'd ol supjr"agaj I.j

:


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antjrjsll jpodrlr nd sdod ods prdgjsds "*sagds %uj jpjra#jntln +olss ! 2at/&jrlok, sand tl#aán su

jstlkd psagdo$&agd, sus suj-ds, sus tj#drjs ! sus párkakls, jpoagl jo karjgtdr IJo lr&u#jntd jrl unl

lsj &jnalo, gd#d sugjkj jn ol #0sagl, pjrd od %uj plsl pdr sus #jntjs ! sus gdrl/dnjs gdnstatu!j ods

sdods, ols trd#pjtls ! jo palnd

8lrl KaGlprad, jo sjood kj A-9rratu jn jo &ua$n jrl lo&d ankasgutaoj IGulnkd Loj'lnkrd sjangdrpdr$, jo prd!jgtd sj gdnarta$ plrl #* jn unl antjrjslntj pjrspjgtal pujstd %uj sj trltl kj un

ganjlstl #u! san&uolr, kagj jo lgtdr I1l*l %uj pdk*l prdpdrgadnlr lo p0oagd unl jpjrajngal

jrklkjrl#jntj jndojntj 8dr un olkd, jo "ao#j js unl pra#lral eastdral kj supjrajngal jastjngalo,

pjrd Loj'lnkrd antrdkugj tlntds ka"jrjntjs #ltagjs %uj sj gdnajrtj jn lo&d #9s

Klkd %uj sdol#jntj sj gdndgjn ejgeds east$ragds 9sagds, ol eastdral kj#lnkll a#l&anlga$n, pjrd

kds plolrls kjstlglln jn jo jn"d%uj kj A-9rratu ! 1#ate; lutjntagaklk guoturlo IOd anjsta&l#ds tdkd,

kjskj ol "dr#l kj elolr kj ods gdodnds elstl ols ejrrl#ajntls %uj utaoa/lln ujr*l#ds su#jr&ar lo

jspjgtlkdr jn jstj #unkd pdr gd#pojtd, sj-lol 1#ateA-9rratu sj td#$ #u! jn sjrad ol rjspdnslaoaklk kj rjgrjlr un #unkd pjrkakd Jn jo pra#jr k*l kj

rdkl'j, jo karjgtdr rjuna$ lo j%uapd kj prdkugga$n jn ols draools kjo r*d >dB kj ol prdangal glnlkajnsj kj

LojrtlM jn gu!ls ejolkls l&uls prdntd sj su#jr&ar*l jo jojngd plrl unl jsgjnl rjpojtl kj lgga$n Glkl

#aj#rd kjo j%uapd oojll unl rdsl rd'l Grla& 2logdn, lsjsdr guoturlo ! #aj#rd kj ol trau 8ajs

Nj&rds, kara&a$ unl gjrj#dnal l!uklkd pdr lngalnds ank*&jnls kj ol trau odglo, ods 1tdnj!, plrl jnkjgar

jo "ao#j, ols gralturls ! ol tajrrl [rls ol jnkaga$n, A-9rratu paka$ l ols


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rjlggadnlr l od %uj ol nlturloj/l nds kll ! l od %uj +olss jpjra#jntll #ajntrls jst9l#ds "ao#lnkd

1j trltll kj jpodrlr ods joj#jntds #9s antr*nsjgds kjo anstantd kj supjrajngal

KaGlprad sj santa$ tl#aán glutalkd pdr jo prdp$satd kj A-9rratu kj rjtrltlr ol eastdral kj +olss gdn

un rjloas#d %uj su#ar*l lo p0oagd jn ol akl kj ols pr*stanls tajrrls kjo Djstj #uged taj#pd lntjs kj ol

ooj&lkl kj gd1md#s ! "drl'akds IOl jrklk js %uj nungl ej astd jsl ápdgl kj ol eastdral l#jraglnlrj"oj'lkl jn jo ganj, kj #lnjrl %uj #j antjrjsll #uged, l"ar#l IJrln unl ápdgl ! un satad 0nagds jn ol

eastdral kjo Djstj l#jraglnd pdr%uj ástj jrl #uged #9s slol'j kj od %uj gdnsakjrl#ds %uj js jo

slol'j, slol'j DjstjH Jrl gd#d jo L#l/dnls, unl nlturloj/l lsdoutl#jntj kjsgdndgakl, unl tajrrl kj

nlkaj kdnkj ol lpoaglga$n kj ols oj!js jrl jsglsl Jsds trl#pjrds %uj anajrdn kj Jurdpl ! kj ol Gdstl

Jstj tuajrdn %uj lprjnkjr l aar su akl jn #jkad kj ods joj#jntdsM sdrjaajnkd gd#d gulo%uajr dtrd

lna#lo jn unl tajrrl slol'j

L A-9rratu oj sltas"a/d #uged sljr %uj KaGlprad jstll prjplrlkd plrl jpodrlr tdkds ods o*#atjs, lo

a&ulo %uj +olss IOjd js jtrldrkanlrad jn tdkds ods kjtloojs, jn tdkds ods lspjgtds %uj tajnjn %uj jr gdnol dsjrlga$n ! jo gd#pdrtl#ajntd eu#lnd Js #u! nlturlo lpdrtlnkd #ltagjs ! glkjngals kj

#da#ajntds ! tdkd jsd %uj elgj sjntar gd#pojtl#jntj ad l un pjrsdnl'j Js #u! gdoldrlkdr j

antjoa&jntj, saj#prj antjrrd&9nkdsj %uá js od %uj elgj l unl jsgjnl #9s pdtjntj gdntrau!$ gdn su

prdpal ! prd"unkl gdnja$n pjrsdnlo gdn ol nlturloj/l Od %uj KaGlprad jntrj&ll jn plntlool nd jrl s$od

j#dtad sand tl#aán sdrprjnkjntj

Jo karjgtdr surl!l %uj KaGlprad sj jn"rjnt$ jn su antjrprjtlga$n l prujls plrl ols %uj nan&0n

lgtdr pdkr*l prjplrlrsj pojnl#jntj IOjd jstud trll'lnkd jn ols gdnkagadnjs #9s kurls, gdn rdpl

ka"aguotdsl, gdn #l%uaool'j jtrj#d, ! !jnkd l ods ou&lrjs #9s j#dgadnlo#jntj ang$#dkds ! dsgurds 1anj#lr&d, ankjpjnkajntj#jntj kj od %uj oj jstá plslnkd, el! lo&d anstlnt9njd %uj gdrl akl gulnkd Ojd

jst9 kjolntj kj ol g9#lrl El! unl "ujr/l angrj*oj, dsjrl A-9rratu IOl "dr#l jn %uj rdk9l#ds ja&*l

#uge*sa#d kj áo jn tár#ands kj rat#d, #lnj'd kjo tjhpd krl#9tagd, jnjr&*l ! saojngad, san j#lr&d, Ojd

elgj %uj tdkd "ungadnj pdr%uj saj#prj jst9 #u! prjsjntj

L su j/, KaGlprad kagj %uj tjn*l pojnl gdn"aln/l jn A-9rratu IOd %uj jrklkjrl#jntj #j &ustl

kjo jn"d%uj kj Loj'lnkrd js %uj js un ganjlstl kj ol aj'l jsgujol %uj grjj jn jo lrtj kj grjlr lo&d jn ol

plntloolM ! tl#aán js unl jspjgaj kj #lr&anlkd kjntrd kj ol ankustral, lun%uj trll'l kjntrd kj jool

Jntajnkj pjr"jgtl#jntj g$#d js ol ankustral lgtulo#jntj, pjrd jst9 an"ouakd pdr unl akl jntjrl kjjstukad kj ol eastdral kjo ganj ! el kjslrrdoolkd un jstaod prdpad, san gdngjsadnjs, %uj ledrl sj el

gdnjrtakd jn san$na#d kj su nd#rj El! #u! pdgds ganjlstls pdr le* %uj pujkln jsglplr lo plrlkal

kj Edoo!Bddk !, lun ls*, od&rlr l unl jsglol tln ápagl unl pjo*guol gd#d ástl

Jo ltl%uj kjo dsd %uj l#jnl/l gdn lgllr gdn ol akl kj +olss oojll an#jkaltl#jntj l KaGlprad

l #lntjnjr unl ougel gujrpd l gujrpd gdn und kj ods #9s e9aojs kjprjklkdrjs kj ol nlturloj/l IOl

0


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dtrjklk, od ka"jrjntj Jn [d# el! unl sutaoj/l %uj js #u! ka"*gao kj jngdntrlr, prdsa&uj A-9rratu Js #u!

ltrlgtad, #u! "drnakd, #u! pdtjntj ! "ujrtj, pjrd, lo #as#d taj#pd, pujkj sjr jtrldrkanlral#jntj

"r9&ao, ! jsd js od %uj oj elgj tln jgjpgadnlo

Elrk! gd#pusd un angrj*oj lntl&dnastl I2at/&jrlok js un pjrsdnl'j #u! antjrjslntj pdr%uj

jntajnkjs #u! ajn sus #dtalgadnjs L%u* js un ed#rj gu!d ougrltad nj&dgad sj el "rustrlkd, ! tdkdssus polnjs kj "uturd eln kjslplrjgakd jn un sj&unkd Kj #lnjrl %uj jntrl jn unl jspjgaj kj #dkd

supjrajngal "anlo, kdnkj sj trltl kj #ltlr d #drarM ! +olss js ol pjrsdnl %uj jst9 jn *ls kj jsd, kagj

KaGlprad I2at/&jrlok tl#aán js un supjraajntj, pjrd áo jngujntrl un gl#and #u! ka"jrjntj lo kj

+olss o joa&j sjr lsjsand

KaGlprad prdsa&uj; IGdn [d# ej trll'lkd lntjradr#jntj ! lk#ard jtrldrkanlral#jntj su trll'd

Grjd %uj js und kj ods lgtdrjs #9s j"aglgjs %uj el! lgtulo#jntj, ! jr su &rlkd kj gd#prd#asd gdn jstj

pjrsdnl'j "uj lo&d angrj*oj#jntj j#dgadnlntj 8dsjj unl tdsgl "jrdgaklk %uj js #u! &jnuanlM ! jsd jrl

lo&d lsdoutl ! "unkl#jntlo#jntj njgjslrad plrl #lrglr ol ka"jrjngal gdn #a pjrsdnl'j Nd js jo t*pagdaoolnd Jstds kds ed#rjs #ujstrln su "ujr/l kj kds #lnjrls gd#pojtl#jntj kastantls

8lrl Kd#enloo +ojjsdn, %uj antjrprjtl jo plpjo kjo kjgjpgadnlkd glpat9n kj 2at/&jrlok, "uj

lplsadnlntj jn"rjntlrsj l Elrk! jn ol jsgjnl jn %uj jo glpat9n Ejnr! sj kl gujntl kj %uj el sakd

jn&l-lkd I[d# oj el lpdrtlkd l 2at/&jrlok un #lta/ gdrtlntj %uj elgj %uj nungl sjpls %uá gl#and l l

td#lr, +ojjsdn sj-lol I.a pjrsdnl'j sj sajntj eu#aoolkd pdr 2at/&jrlok, pjrd kjspuás rjlggadnl ! nd sj

kj'l gd#jr jo tjrrjndM ! "uj #u! j#dgadnlntj lgtulr #lnd l #lnd gdn [d#

ODW []LHYJ]DW ‗ ODW Y]AHJ]DW JHY]JWL]ADW KJO DJW[J

Ol eastdral kjo gd#jrgad kj pajojs jn L#áragl js rjj, san j#lr&d, jsjngalo, ! jst9 rjpojtl kj

rjoltds kj tj#jrlral pjrd tl#aán pjoa&rdsl kjlstlga$n Lun%uj jo gd#jrgad kj pajojs "rl&u$ ol a#l&jn

rd#9ntagl kjo ed#rj kj #dntl-l Cakjloa/lkds jrj#atls supujstl#jntj tln kurds gd#d ol tajrrl slol'j

%uj sj el*ln gd#prd#jtakd l gdn%uastlrC, jo gd#jrgad kj pajojs jrl tl#aán, jn ujnl #jkakl, un

nj&dgad Jn gajrtd sjntakd, kad ou&lr l ol pra#jrl #lna"jstlga$n kjo lr%ujt*pagd j#prjslrad kjo Djstj, jo

asadnlrad agdndgolstl %uj lln/l gdn kjtjr#anlga$n san rjnkar gujntls l nlkaj sand l s* #as#d

IJstl ápdgl anlu&ur$ jo kjslrrdood kjo ankustraloas#d jn jo Djstj Angousd lntjs kjo kjsgura#ajntd

kj drd ! pjtr$ojd, jo gd#jrgad kj pajojs jrl un jndr#j ! ougrltad nj&dgad, jpoagl KaGlprad IEl*ltrl#pjrds %uj pjnjtrlln jn tjrratdrads *r&jnjs, dguplkds pdr pdolgadnjs ank*&jnls, plrl jtrljr

rjgursdsM ! ol prj&untl %uj sur&j js; L %uá gdstj +olss sj j ltrlplkd jn jo #jkad kj jsl pdoá#agl, ! js

un tj#l #u! pdtjntj jn ol pjo*guol

Jo gd#jrgad kj pajojs gd#jn/$ l "anlojs kjo sa&od 5RAA, gulnkd ols traus ank*&jnls j#pj/lrdn l

antjrgl#alr sus pajojs, jtrldrkanlral#jntj g9oakls, pdr ejrrl#ajntls kj #jtlo jurdpjls L prangapads kjo

1


10/49

sa&od 5A5, gulnkd ol kj#lnkl kj sd#rjrds lkdrnlkds gdn pajojs sj kasplr$ jn Jurdpl C! ods prjgads kj

ol pajo kj glstdr logln/lrdn ods W k$olrjs== &rl#ds, jo gd#jrgad kj pajojs sj gdnarta$ jn un &rln

a#puosd plrl ol jgdnd#*l l#jraglnl, ls* gd#d jn jo rjspdnsloj kj ols nujls rutls gd#jrgalojs %uj

prjplrlr*ln jo tjrrjnd plrl jo kjslrrdood kjo Djstj %uj jstll pdr jnar

Jn tdrnd l ol káglkl kj 63?=, jo gd#jrgad kj pajojs el*l ooj&lkd elstl ols .dntl-ls ]dgdsls ! sjel*l ejged antjnsl#jntj gd#pjtatad, gdn gd#jrgalntjs %uj ougelln jntrj s* ! gdn ols traus nltals

Eu&e +olss trll'$ plrl ol ]dg7! .duntlan 2ur Gd#pln!, %uj pdr jntdngjs jntrll jn jsgjnl Ol

gd#pl-*l utaoa/$ jo ool#lkd Irjnkj/dus s!stj# (sastj#l kj ou&lrjs kj jngujntrd), od gulo sa&na"agll

%uj nd gdnstru*ln gll-ls d "ujrtjs Jn j/ kj jsd, sj supdn*l %uj sus trl#pjrds kj*ln gl/lr su prdpal

gd#akl, gdnstruar sus prdpads rj"u&ads ! oarlr sus prdpals ltlools, od %uj lu#jntll su rjputlga$n kj

pjrsdnls a#pjrturlojs

Nd dstlntj, ods akjloa/lkds #atds jn tdrnd l ods ejrdagds ed#rjs kj #dntl-l eln dguotlkd

lo&unls kj ols rjloaklkjs #9s dsgurls kj ol ápdgl .ugeds trl#pjrds sj plslrdn ol akl su#l#jntjjnkjuklkds, #ajntrls %uj ods prdpajtlrads kj ols gd#pl-*ls kj pajojs sj elg*ln an#jnsl#jntj ragds

lun%uj ods trl#pjrds a*ln td#lnkd jo puosd l ol nlturloj/l, su rjolga$n gdn jo jntdrnd jrl l #jnukd

gdn"oagtalM tjnajnkd gdnsjgujngals tlojs gd#d ol gl/l kj jspjgajs elstl jo drkj kj ol jtanga$n ! un

prd"unkd a#plgtd tlntd sdrj jo jgdsastj#l gd#d sdrj ols guoturls nltals l#jraglnls oa&lkls lo #as#d

8lrl rjgrjlr jstj #unkd gdn jrlgaklk ! tdkds sus #ltagjs, A-9rratu rjgout$ l unl sjraj kj jpjrtds,

gd#d jo eastdralkdr Gol! Olnkr!, anguolkd l ods 0nagds kds #usjds jstlkdunakjnsjs kjkaglkds l jstj

pjr*dkd; jo .usjd kjo Ed#rj kj .dntl-l, jn 4!d#an&, ! jo .usjd kjo Gd#jrgad kj 8ajojs, jn

Njrls7l Olnkr! sj-lol %uj, jntrj ods eastdralkdrjs, ol eastdral kj Eu&e +olss js kj ols #9s a#pdrtlntjsI1a jstukals ol eastdral kjo gd#jrgad kj pajojs jn ols .dntl-ls ]dgdsls, unl kj ols pra#jrls gdsls %uj

lprjnkjs js ol eastdral kj +olss [ajnj jsl ápagl, dsjrl

Kurlntj tdkl ol prdkugga$n, Olnkr! prdpdrgadn$ lsjsdrl#ajntd sdrj ol #jntloaklk, ejrrl#ajntls !

tágnagls kj supjrajngal kj ods trl#pjrds Olnkr! kad lo rjplrtd unl #ujstrl pjrsdnlo kj tdkd jstd jn un

IGl#pd kj Jntrjnl#ajntd sdrj jo Gd#jrgalntjM kdnkj ods kjjrjs gdnsast*ln jn kau'lr lrgds, pdnjr

trl#pls kj glstdr, kjsdoolr glstdrjs Z"losds ! oln/lr elgels

IJn jo Gl#pd kj Jntrjnl#ajntd, ods lgtdrjs eanglrdn jo gdkd kj jrklk, kagj Olnkr! IOjs

jnsj-l#ds tdkd od %uj un trl#pjrd njgjsatll sljr 8dr supujstd, ods lgtdrjs kasplrlln lols kj "d&ujd! rjlo#jntj nd tjn*ln %uj lrrj&o9rsjols pdr s* sdods, pjrd lun ls* pukajrdn sjntar jsl sjnslga$n [lntd jo

rjplrtd gd#d jo j%uapd %ujr*ln sljr tdkd od %uj "ujrl pdsaoj sdrj ol ápdgl

Lrteur ]jkgoduk, %uj antjrprjtl l Ea7ug, jo gurlnkjrd ankad %uj +olss jngujntrl jn su al'j, l-lkj;

IJo gl#pd kj jntrjnl#ajntd nd s$od tjn*l ou&lr l najo "*sagdM tl#aán nds lpdrt$ lo&d l najo j#dgadnlo


11/49

! jsparatulo 8lrl #*, ol gujsta$n nd jrl 0nagl#jntj rjgdnjgtlr gdn jo plslkd 1j trltll kj tjnjr unl

nujl asa$n

OL [AJ]]L KJ ODW L]ACL]L

Jn jo anagad kj Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt), ol jpjkaga$n kj trl#pjrds kjo glpat9n Ejnr! js

ltlglkl pdr un &rupd kj #aj#rds kj unl trau lsjntlkl l draools kjo r*d .assdura 1j trltl kj ods Lra7lrl

Clpdklkds sa#poj#jntj ods ]jj pdr ods trl#pjrdsC, gu!l east$ragl d"jnsal gdntrl ol ]dg7! .duntlan

2ur [rlkan& Gd#pln! lotjrlr*l plrl saj#prj su kjstand 8lrtj kj ol eastdral kj +olss "rjgujntj#jntj

a&ndrlkl tdkl*l, A-9rratu sj santa$ doa&lkd l kjstlglr ol prjsjngal kj ods Lra7lrl jn su nlrrlga$n kj ol

eastdral

Gdndgakds jntrj su prdpal &jntj gd#d ods 1lenase, ods Lra7lrl jrln ool#lkds ls* pdr dtrls trauskjakd l sus tdglkds kj pou#ls El*ln pdolkd ols oolnurls kurlntj #9s kj 6=== l-ds gd#d &rln'jrds

sj#an$#lkls ! tjn*ln unl ragl guoturl lntjs kj %uj ods jurdpjds ooj&lrln Jn 63=Y, OjBas ! Golr7 sj

el*ln tdplkd gdn ods Lra7lrl, ! ods el*ln gdnsakjrlkd plg*"agds 1an j#lr&d, elgal ol káglkl kj 63?=,

trls eljr sakd kjspol/lkds rjpjtakl#jntj, ols edstaoaklkjs gdn jstl trau el*ln suakd kj najo Fn

ltl%uj l ods trl#pjrds prddg$ unl rjspujstl kj ods #aoatlrjs ndrtjl#jraglnds, %uj kaj/#$ ol trau jn ol

pra#jrl kj ols #ugels ! rutlojs &ujrrls %uj tuajrdn ou&lr jn ols oolnurls Jo #jn&ulntj n0#jrd kj

#aj#rds kj ods Lra7lrl sj rjku'd pdstjradr#jntj, jn ol káglkl kj 63


12/49

[jn*ln unl "ujrtj guoturl gd#jrgalo ! unl antranglkl guoturlo gjrj#dnalo %uj tdkl*l nd el*ln su"rakd

lotjrlga$n lo&unl

Jsd gl#a$ r9pakl#jntj gulnkd jo gd#jrgad kj pajojs "uj jn lu#jntd IL%ujoods trl#pjrds jn*ln

! nd jrln rjspjtudsds kjskj nujstrd puntd kj astl Anlk*ln tjrratdrads kj dtrls pjrsdnls ! sj lkuj-lln

kj ols gdsls Nd el*l nj&dgalga$n Ods trl#pjrds sa#poj#jntj gd&*ln od %uj %ujr*ln, rj"ajrjjoodBark

Kjspuás kjo ltl%uj, ods Lra7lrl lk%uarajrdn unl rjputlga$n kj &ujrrjrds ojtlojs, pjrd joodBark

kagj %uj jo gdntjtd js #uged #9s l#poad IOds gd#jrgalntjs j#pj/lrdn l tjnjr #ajkd kj ods Lra7lrl

1an j#lr&d, od &rlgadsd js %uj ols #u'jrjs lra7lrl sj&u*ln gls9nkdsj gdn ods gd#jrgalntjs, sj-lol IKj

#lnjrl %uj sa tj lgjrglls l ods Lra7lrl gdn rjspjtd, el*l pl/ 8jrd !d grjd %uj ods Lra7lrl trltlln l

ods trl#pjrds ! l ods #aoatlrjs kjo #as#d #dkd %uj joods sjnt*ln %uj jrln trltlkds

2uj jo prangapad kj ol glsa kjstrugga$n kj ol "dr#l kj akl kj ol trau IJn l%ujo #d#jntd, nujstrd

#dkd kj akl jstll sajnkd tln r9pakl#jntj usurplkd %uj nd sl*l#ds g$#d plrlr jsd, sj ol#jntljoodBark I[ua#ds ol sujrtj kj gdntlr gdn 'j"js antjoa&jntjsM asadnlrads %uj pjnslrdn jn jo "uturd ! sj

antjrrd&lrdn lgjrgl kj %uá pdk*l#ds elgjr plrl &lrlnta/lr ol supjrajngal kj nujstrd pujod d tdkl*l

sa&d jsj gl#and Lo elgjr ol pjo*guol, !d pjnsll jn od %uj pujkd elgjr plrl lsj&urlr#j kj %uj #as

tltlrltltlrlnajtds pujkln tjnjr jsls gdsls; nujstrd akad#l, nujstrl guoturl, nujstrls glngadnjs ! nujstrls

gdstu#rjs

L joodBark oj j#dgadnl jspjgalo#jntj %uj lo&unds '$jnjs Lra7lrl pujkln tjnjr pdr pra#jrl j/

ol dpdrtunaklk kj jsgugelr jo akad#l ! jr g$#d a*ln sus lngjstrds gulnkd jln Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej

]jvjnlnt). Id sd! unl pjrsdnl %uj tajnj un a8ednj, pjrd tdkl*l #j #lntjn&d "ajo l nujstrlstrlkagadnjs pdr%uj grjd %uj plrl ndsdtrds js ujnd rjspjtlr l nujstrds lntjplslkds Jstls eastdrals

#ujstrln tdkls ols lkjrsaklkjs %uj tuajrdn %uj plkjgjr plrl %uj ndsdtrds pukaárl#ds aar ed!,

gdngou!j

Lun%uj joodBark jrl jo 0nagd #aj#rd kj ods Lra7lrl a#poaglkd jn ol prdkugga$n, jn jo "ao#j

lplrjgjn, lprda#lkl#jntj, unds 6== nltads l#jraglnds ! #aj#rds kj ols traus ldr*&jnjs

glnlkajnsjs (ols ool#lkls 8ra#jrls Nlgadnjs) L joodBark oj l&rlk$ #uged su kaspdsaga$n l lprjnkjr

sdrj ods Lra7lrl IJo rjplrtd jstll #u! antjrjslkd jn rjprjsjntlr jsj #unkd kj ol "dr#l #9s rjloastl

pdsaoj Rjr jsd #j ea/d sjntar#j prd"unkl#jntj eu#aokj, l"ar#l I1a !d jstuajrl antjrprjtlnkd llo&uajn kj dtrl trau, elr*l od #as#d

Grla& 2logdn, jkuglkdr guoturlo ! #aj#rd kj ods 8ajs Nj&rds, jspjgaloa/lkd jn guoturl nltal

l#jraglnlank*&jnl, tl#aán sj angdrpdr$ lo prd!jgtd, antjrjslkd sdrj tdkd jn panturls kj &ujrrl !

glloods Ol lutjntagaklk guoturlo %uj A-9rratu usgll "uj un jndr#j loagajntj IJo pujod nltad

l#jraglnd %ujrj#ds jr jrklk, kagj 2logdn, I! nd gd#d jn ols aj'ls pjo*guols, Ukdnkj j*ls l ]aglrkd


13/49

.dntlo9n jstakd kj ankadQ Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) gdnsa&uj jrklkjrl lutjntagaklk jn jo akad#l,

jn ols panturls %uj oojln ods glloods ! jn su "dr#l kj rjprjsjntlr l glkl trau

Lrteur ]jkgoduk, %uj grjga$ jn unl rjsjrl kj Nll'ds j antjrprjtl l Ea7ug, sj-lol; IOl pjo*guol js

un rj&lod #u! jspjgalo, ! ndsdtrds %ujr*l#ds jrtjr jn jool jo lo#l ! jo gdrl/$n kj nujstrd pujod

JO ]JW[D KJO ]JYL][D

Kdhen!! @!""#dn gdhd "! g$a%&n E"n'(

Kd#enloo +ojjsdn, jo lgtdr arolnkás, jn r9pakd lsgjnsd, lo %uj tl#aán pdkj#ds jr jstj l-d jn jo

"ao#j Mrdd5o#n, antjrprjtl jo plpjo kjo glpat9n LnkrjB Ejnr!, unl "a&url east$ragl kj ol akl rjlo %uj "uj

und kj ods "unklkdrjs kj ol ]dg7! .duntlan [rlkan& Gd#pln!, ls* gd#d jo o*kjr kj ol jpjkaga$n pdr jo

r*d .assdura

+ojjsdn sj-lol %uj jo &ua$n prdpdrgadnl un kjslrrdood "agtagad kjo pjrsdnl'j kjo glpat9n Ejnr! %uj

l #9s loo9 kj od %uj slj#ds kj áo pdr ods kltds east$ragds IJo LnkrjB Ejnr! rjlo jrl #u! rjspjtlkd,

#ajntrls %uj jn jstl eastdral od j#ds gd#d un ed#rj ansj&urd %uj jst9 lprjnkajnkd l sjr un o*kjr L od

olr&d kjo al'j %uj j#prjnkj, Ejnr! sj gdnajrtj jn jo ed#rj %uj tjn*l "l#l kj sjr, jpoagl +ojjsdn

Kjskj jo anagad, +ojjsdn gd#prjnka$ %uj ol pjo*guol al l sjr unl jpjrajngal kjgakakl#jntj

kjsl"alntj ILntjs angousd kj j#pj/lr l rdklr, Loj'lnkrd ka'd %uj %ujr*l %uj plrl ods lgtdrjs "ujrl unl

kurl jpjrajngalM ! gu#poa$ gdn su plolrl Nds sd#jtajrdn l gargunstlngals jtrldrkanlrals !

gdnkagadnjs #u! ka"*gaojs, pjrd "uj j#dgadnlntj pdr%uj jrl lo&d #u! ka"jrjntj, gd#jntl Id, kjskj

ouj&d, nungl el*l ejged lntjs lo&d plrjgakd El! gajrtl jgatlga$n lo elgjr unl pjo*guol kj unl #lnjrl%uj ol &jntj lgtulo#jntj !l nd elgj

+ojjsdn kagj %uj ol kurj/l kjo rdkl'j jnra%ujga$ ols antjrprjtlgadnjs I1j supdn*l %uj #a pjrsdnl'j

kj*l jngdntrlrsj gdn unls gargunstlngals tjrraoj#jntj ka"*gaojs, sjntarsj "ujrl kj ou&lr, ls* %uj do%uá

tdkd od %uj !d jstll jpjra#jntlnkd jn #a lgtulga$n, jpoagl IJspjrls %uj "anlo#jntj ol ka#jnsa$n kj

tdkd jsd gdn od %uj jsds ed#rjs oakalrdn Col kjsjspjrlga$n, ol odgurl ! ol angjrtaku#rjC sj lprjgaj

kjspuás jn ol slol kj ganj

)a!! Yd*!%"' gdhd Fah M'a+,"'Jo prd#jtjkdr lgtdr an&oás 4aoo 8duotjr ( Jo gdrrjkdr kjo olmjrantd) antjrprjtl l :a# >rak&jr, %uajn

ooj&$ l gdnjrtarsj jn und kj ods &u*ls #9s oj&jnklrads kjo Djstj Jn Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt), j#ds

l >rak&jr sajnkd un sa#poj #ugelgedM pjrd lo&uajn %uj kjj jn"rjntlrsj l su gdngajngal trls llnkdnlr,

'untd l 2at/&jrlok, l un +olss #drtlo#jntj ejrakd L 8duotjr oj jntusals#$ ol ra%uj/l antjrprjtltal kj su

plpjo IJs un edndr antjrprjtlr l unl pjrsdnl kj ol akl rjlo %uj "uj "l#dsd pdr sus elaoaklkjs gd#d


14/49

ed#rj kj #dntl-l jn unl ápdgl ! un ou&lr kdnkj ol jspjrln/l kj akl kj ols pjrsdnls jrl su#l#jntj

l'l, sj-lol

8lrl un 'djn rjgaán ooj&lkd lo slol'j Djstj, tud %uj eljr sakd unl jpjrajngal %uj gl#a$ su

akl Id grjd %uj Loj'lnkrd %ujr*l dtjnjr kj >rak&jr jsl akjl kj andgjngal gdn"rdntlkl gdn lo&unls kj

ols gargunstlngals #9s kurls kj ol akl, ls* gd#d jo gdn"oagtd jntrj jo #ugelged %uj tdkl*l js ! joed#rj jn jo %uj sj jst9 gdnartajnkd :a# tajnj %uj lln/lr, tajnj %uj lprjnkjr pdr "an l rjpra#ar sus

#ajkds, l elgjr od gdrrjgtd, sj-lol 8duotjr I:a# plsl pdr satulgadnjs %uj ed#rjs gd#d +olss,

2at/&jrlok ! jo glpat9n Ejnr! !l eln jpjra#jntlkdM pjrd áo tajnj %uj #lkurlr r9pakl#jntj sa#poj#jntj

plrl sdrjaar

Anagalo#jntj, >rak&jr js jo lprjnka/ kj +olss I8rdloj#jntj +olss js od #9s plrjgakd l un plkrj

%uj :a# el gdndgakd, dsjrl 8duotjr Id grjd %uj oj tajnj akjloa/lkd gd#d und kj ods #j'drjs

jpodrlkdrjs ! tarlkdrjs kjo ou&lr 8dr od tlntd, gulnkd ols gdsls sj tujrgjn, plrl :a#, ols gdnsjgujngals

sj lgjnt0lnKagels gdnsjgujngals a#poagln elgjr un plgtd gdn 2at/&jrlok 8duotjr trll'$ jstrjgel#jntj gdn

[d# Elrk! plrl jpodrlr jsl #j/gol kj edrrdr, "ural ! #ajkd %uj >rak&jr sajntj elgal jsj ed#rj IOl

kan9#agl jntrj ndsdtrds js tdkd #jnds l#loj, pjrd, kaged jstd, tl#pdgd js lo&d tln sa#poj gd#d sjr

jnj#a&ds, sj-lol IJs unl rjolga$n tural ! gd#poj'l Jn jsjngal, !d grjd %uj el! unl #utul

gd#prjnsa$n kj %uj nds njgjsatl#ds jo und lo dtrd plrl sdrjaar

Lo a&ulo %uj l sus gd#pl-jrds kj rjplrtd, ol "dr#l jn %uj A-9rratu ! Ouj/7a rdklrdn jo "ao#j oj

plrjga$ prd"unkl#jntj antjrjslntj l 8duotjr INungl lntjs el*l tjnakd %uj lgtulr kj unl #lnjrl tln

*nta#l gdn ol g9#lrl Nungl el*l tjnakd %uj angrustlr ol prjsjngal kj ol g9#lrl jn #a gdnsgajngal kjjstl "dr#l 2uj lo&d lsdoutl#jntj angrj*oj Glsa sajntjs gd#d sa !l nd jstuajrls lgtulnkd [ajnjs %uj

grjjr %uj rjlo#jntj jrjs tu pjrsdnl'j

Bd''"#% @dd+!*g- gdhd E.-

Jo lgtdr 2drrjst +ddkoug7, kj kajgasáas l-ds kj jklk, kjutl jn ol &rln plntlool antjrprjtlnkd l

ElB7, jo ea'd lkdptlkd pdr Eu&e +olss ! unl nltal l#jraglnl .aj#rd kj ols traus Kaná, .lnkln,

Eakltsl ! [sa#sealn, ! lgtulo#jntj rjsakjntj jn Nujd .áagd, +ddkoug7 pls$ pdr unl olr&l lukaga$n !

un prdodn&lkd pjr*dkd kj jnsl!d plrl dtjnjr jo plpjoOl gd#poj'aklk kj un pjrsdnl'j kaakakd jntrj kds #unkds anspar$ l +ddkoug7 IElB7 js #atlk

olngd ! #atlk ankad, kagj +ddkoug7 IL jklk #u! tj#prlnl, "uj lplrtlkd kj su pujod, pjrka$ l su

#lkrj ! rjsuot$ &rlj#jntj %uj#lkd pdr un "uj&d 1j jngjrr$ jn s* #as#d ! su"ra$ un trlu#ls ps*%uagd,

od %uj ed! ool#lr*l#ds jstrás pdstrlu#9tagd 8jrd !d grjd %uj ElB7 sloj "drtlojgakd kj tdkd od %uj

jpjra#jntl Js un pjrsdnl'j "ujrtj pjrd "r9&ao [ajnj unl jspjgaj kj #jntloaklk apdolr, pdr%uj, pdr un


15/49

olkd, nd js lgjptlkd gd#pojtl#jntj pdr ol guoturl kjo ed#rj olngd, !, pdr dtrd, tl#pdgd tjr#anl kj sjr

lgjptlkd pdr su prdpal guoturl

1an j#lr&d, ElB7 nd pujkj nj&lr jo prd"unkd *nguod l"jgtad %uj oj unj l su plkrj, +olss

+ddkoug7 l"ar#l, INujstrl rjolga$n js kj gloolkd rjspjtd El! unl saojngadsl gdnja$n jntrj l#ds, pjrd

aajnkd jn l%ujool ápdgl nd pdk*ls sjr olnkd, kj #lnjrl %uj jo l#dr jntrj ElB7 ! +olss pujkj plrjgjr sjgd, pjrd js un l#dr prd"unkd

K*n" Ed.'+ gdhd J!- Kd,

Jo pdkjrdsd &ujrrjrd lra7lrl Jo7 Kd&, %uj usgl l su ea'l 8dBl%l, %uj el sakd glpturlkl, jst9

antjrprjtlkd pdr Kulnj EdBlrk, #aj#rd kj ods pujods ldr*&jnjs kj ols 8ra#jrls Nlgadnjs kj Glnlk9

d 6arst Nltadns, js un lgtdr prdgjkjntj kj ol Asol kj Rlngdujr, Glnlk9 Kagj kj su pjrsdnl'j; IJo7 Kd&

js unl jspjgaj kj "a&url kj lutdraklk ! gulnkd elol, su pujod oj jsgugel Angousd gulnkd sa#poj#jntj

pjr#lnjgj kj paj, angousd gulnkd nd kagj nlkl, su pujod oj jsgugel Jo7 Kd& gdnsa&uj jsl golsj kjrjspjtd , l su j/, js lo&uajn %uj klr*l su akl pdr su pujod

1an j#lr&d, gulnkd ods Lra7lrl lslotln jo gl#pl#jntd kj ods trl#pjrds, Jo7 Kd& sj rd#pj

j#dgadnlo#jntj lo prjsjngalr tdkl ol #ujrtj ! kjstrugga$n %uj oj rdkjl EdBlrk rjgujrkl; I[uj %uj

lrar#j #uged antjrnl#jntj [uj %uj gdnjrtar#j jn lo&uajn #u! uonjrloj, ! sur&ajrdn un #dnt$n kj

j#dgadnjs kurlntj ol ltlool 2uj unl jpjrajngal #u! antjnsl

8lrl EdBlrk, Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) "uj unl jpjrajngal prd"unkl#jntj pjrsdnlo kurlntj ol

gulo lprjnka$ jo akad#l lra7lrl ! su guoturl gd#d sa "ujrln ods su!ds prdpads IJo akad#l lra7lrl js #u!

ka"jrjntj l #a ojn&ul nltal ! "uj rjlo#jntj un kjsl"*d ! #u! antjrjslntj lprjnkjr #9s lgjrgl kj joods,jpoagl

L EdBlrk oj anspar$ jspjgalo#jntj jo rjspjtd %uj jo "ao#j #dstrll pdr rjprjsjntlr gdn

lutjntagaklk unl guoturl ILold ol oldr kj tdkd jo j%uapd pdr%uj jrklkjrl#jntj eagajrdn su tlrjl

[dkls ! glkl unl kj ols pj%uj-ls gdsls %uj lplrjgjn jn jo "ao#j, kjskj ol panturl "lgalo elstl ol

jsta#jntl, tajnjn un sa&na"aglkd, gd#d od tjn*ln jn l%ujoods taj#pds, rjsu#j

L'%e*' ]"+g!d*+ gdhd Ea-*g

Fn pjrsdnl'j rjojlntj kjntrd kjo gd#poj'd tlpa/ %uj gdn"dr#l Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) jsEa7ug, un lo#l sdoatlral %uj jngdntrl#ds jn ols oolnurls ! %uj sj gdnajrtj jn jo anjspjrlkd slolkdr kj

Eu&e +olss Ea7ug jst9 antjrprjtlkd pdr Lrteur ]jkgoduk, un ankad nll'd %uj kjsgraj l su pjrsdnl'j

gd#d Iun ed#rj %uj sj jngujntrl oastd plrl lsu#ar un kjsl"*d ka"jrjntj ! un nujd kjstand

Jo prdpad ]jkgoduk el*l jstukalkd plrl sjr gurlnkjrd, l'd ol tutjol kj su l#lkd lujod, jn unl

rjsjrl kj ods Nll'ds Fnl j/ sjojggadnlkd plrl jo plpjo, ]jkgoduk kjkag$ #uged taj#pd l rj"ojadnlr


16/49

sdrj ol jsgjnl kdnkj +olss sj trdpaj/l gdn Ea7ug, %uj jst9 k9nkdsj un "jst*n gdn jo glk9jr kj un 0"lod

%uj el lltakd IJn nujstrl guoturl, jo 0"lod nd js tln s$od un lna#lo, js un s*#dod kj "ujr/l, gurlga$n

! goj#jngal, ls* %uj gulnkd sj j l #a pjrsdnl'j gd#ajnkd jo 0"lod, nd sj trltl s$od kj un loa#jntd plrl

jo gujrpd sand tl#aán plrl ol #jntj ! jo lo#l, #lna"ajstl

Jo ejged kj trll'lr gdn Ojdnlrkd KaGlprad oj prddgll l ]jkgoduk #9s guradsaklk %ujanta#aklga$n I8lrl #*, sj trltll kj tjnjr unl dpdrtunaklk "lnt9stagl kj lprjnkjr kj áo tl#aán sj

trltll kj antjntlr jroj kj jrklk Kurlntj ujnl plrtj kjo taj#pd, !d sa#poj#jntj #j %ujkll %uajtd

antjntlnkd ojjr jo gdrl/$n kj Ojd ! %uaán js, ! sjnt* %uj jrl glpl/ kj jrod 2uj unl &rln jnkaga$n

gd#plrtar akjls ! lprjnkjr jstj d"agad kj un #ljstrd +olss ! #a pjrsdnl'j j#prjnkjn un al'j jn jo %uj

gd#ajn/ln sajnkd pdtjngalojs jnj#a&ds ! tjr#anln gdnartaánkdsj jn ejr#lnds, ! ndsdtrds j#prjnka#ds

jsj al'j 'untds

]jkgoduk kas"rut$ jspjgalo#jntj gdn ols akls ! jnakls grjltals kj A-9rratu ILoj'lnkrd js #atlk

gajnt*"agd odgd, #atlk pantdr, rj"ojadnl IGlkl kjtlooj js a#pdrtlntj plrl áo Nd oj antjrjsllsa#poj#jntj glpturlr nujstrls eastdrals nltalsM oj antjrjslln gd#prjnkjr %uá js od %uj elgj %uj jsls

eastdrals sjln tln pdtjntjs

Od# %'h$"'d#

Gd#pojtlnkd jo rjplrtd prangaplo sj elool un &rupd antjrnlgadnlo kj lgtdrjs, tlntd gdnsdoaklkds

gd#d j#jr&jntjs, ! glkl und kj joods sj-lol %uj Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) "uj unl jpjrajngal #u!

pjrsdnlo Jo lgtdr glnlkajnsj >rjnkln 2ojtgejr, %uj antjrprjtl lo trl#pjrd 2r!#ln, gd#jntl; INungl

el*l tjnakd unl jpjrajngal lgtdrlo gd#d ástl, ougelnkd gdntrl ods joj#jntds lo #as#d taj#pd %ujrdk9l#ds td#ls #u! olr&ls ! #jtaguodsl#jntj kjtloolkls 2uj angrj*oj jr g$#d Loj'lnkrd lpdrtll su

ujn d'd plrl an"unkar ednjstaklk l tdkd

Jo lgtdr ndruj&d @rastd""jr :dnjr, %uj antjrprjtl l .urpe!, l-lkj; IJsl "dr#l kj trll'lr jrl

gd#pojtl#jntj nujl plrl #*, #daánkdtj gdn ol g9#lrl Loj'lnkrd nds ka'd; Ol g9#lrl js gd#d un

trjn jn #da#ajntd ! dsdtrds s$od tjnáas %uj l&lrrlrds lo trjn ! jr od %uj dgurrj jsd js lo&d %uj kl

#ajkd Lo&unds k*ls jrl #u! kajrtakd, dtrds k*ls jrl kurd, pjrd saj#prj jrl #u! ka"jrjntj l gulo%uajr

dtrl gdsl

:dseul >ur&j, %uj antjrprjtl l 1tu! >aoo, kagj %uj jo lspjgtd "*sagd kjo trll'd %uj tjn*ln %ujkjslrrdoolr ods lgtdrjs jn Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) ojs gdnku'd l unl jstrjgel gl#lrlkjr*l IJo rjplrtd

prdgjk*l kj tdkls plrtjs kjo #unkd, pjrd jntrj ndsdtrds sj "dr#$ un *nguod angrj*oj pdr jo ejged kj

plslr pjnloaklkjs 'untds ls* js gd#d jrl rjlo#jntj plrl ods trl#pjrdsM jsds tapds jstlln le* "ujrl, jn

#jkad kj nan&0n satad, jn"rjnt9nkdsj l a#prjkjgaojs lkjrsaklkjs, ! 0nagl#jntj sj tjn*ln ods unds l ods

dtrds


17/49

YAN[LNKD /JO ]JNLGAKD9

An#jkaltl#jntj kjspuás kj Markhln, jo karjgtdr Loj'lnkrd + A-9rratu oojl su pjr"jggadnastl plsa$n

pdr ol rjloa/lga$n ganj#ltd&r9"agl l un nujd #unkd gdn ol pjo*guol Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt). A-9rratu

! jo karjgtdr kj "dtd&rl"*l J##lnujo Ouj/7a, loals IJo Gead, gdn jo %uj gdoldrl elgj #uged taj#pd,

td#lrdn lo&unls kjgasadnjs golj kjskj jo prangapad %uj "a'lrdn ols rj&ols plrl ol prdkugga$n 8ra#jrd,

kjgakajrdn rdklr ol pjo*guol grdndo$&agl#jntj, gdn jo "an kj %uj jo al'j kj +olss #lntuajrl un "ouakd

rat#d nlturlo 1j&unkd, sj gd#prd#jtajrdn l rdklr jo "ao#j utaoa/lnkd jgousal#jntj ol ou/ kjo sdo ! kj

ols ed&ujrls, jatlnkd ol ansjrga$n kj aou#anlga$n lrta"agalo kj ápdgls pdstjradrjs, ! trll'lnkd gdn ol ou/

nlturlo kj unl "dr#l grjltal 2anlo#jntj, %ujr*ln jpodrlr ods olr&ds, "ouakds j anantjrru#pakds polnds

pdr ods %uj sj kajrdn l gdndgjr jn Markhln pjrd gdn un tapd kj j"jgtd #u! ka"jrjntj

A-9rratu saj#prj sj a#l&an$ jo lspjgtd kj ol pjo*guol Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) gd#d sa unl

panturl jn golrdsgurd, oojnl kj ou/ ! sd#rl, gdrlrl akl kj #lnjrl asgjrlo ILo a&ulo %uj jn Markhln

nds ansparl#ds jn ol #0sagl, kagj A-9rratu, Ijn jstj "ao#j od eaga#ds jn ol panturl Jo Gead el 'u&lkd un

angrj*oj plpjo l ol edrl kj grjlr jstl pjo*guol gd#d unl drl kj lrtj asulo

[rll'lnkd gdn ol anndlkdrl Lrra Lojl W Col nujl g9#lrl kj &rln "dr#ltd kj ol padnjrl

gd#pl-*l kj g9#lrls ka&atlojsC, Ouj/7a utaoa/$ unl l#poal &l#l kj ojntjs &rln ln&uolr, %uj llrglln

kjskj 6? ## l ?6 ##, plrl prdkugar unl &rln prd"unkaklk kj gl#pd Ol "ojaaoaklk kjo sastj#l sj

prjstll l #da#ajntds kj g9#lrl %uj l #jnukd aln kjskj antjnsds pra#jrds polnds elstl plndr9#agls

sangrdna/lkls gdn ol lgga$n, ols "lntls*ls ! ols j#dgadnjs kjo "ao#j Jo j%uapd #j/go$ trjs #átdkds C &r0ls tjojsg$pagls, stjlkaglhs ! g9#lrl jn #lndC plrl pjr#atar %uj, pdstjradr#jntj, A-9rratu sjgujngalrl

ols a#9&jnjs gd#d un gdrj$&rl"d 'untd gdn jo #dntlkdr ! &lnlkdr kjo 8rj#ad kj ol Lglkj#al 1tjpejn

.arradnj

]jloa/lr polnds olr&ds jn un rdkl'j lsdoutl#jntj a#prjkjgaoj jn pojnl nlturloj/l jrl lo&d

gd#pojtl#jntj nujd plrl tdkds Ods rjtds "ujrdn lru#lkdrjs lo prangapad Klkd %uj jo j%uapd tágnagd

sj jngdntrll jn ol anjrnlo gauklk kj Glo&lr!, kdnkj jo taj#pd kj edrls kj ou/ !l js "lstakadsl#jntj

gdrtd, ols dglsadnjs plrl rjloa/lr ols td#ls jrln pdgls ! ol prjsa$n jrl jtrldrkanlral L ol edrl kj elgjr

gulo%uajr polnd, nlkaj pdk*l jstlr sj&urd kj sa unl sj&unkl d tjrgjrl td#l jrl pdsaojI[jn*l#ds %uj gdrjd&rl"alr ods taj#pds ! ods rat#ds, jngdntrlr ol edrl #9s lkjgulkl kjo k*l !,

kjspuás, rj/lr plrl %uj ols gdnkagadnjs goa#9tagls sj #lntuajrln, kagj A-9rratu I2uj un kjsl"*d ! lo&d

#u! kajrtakd, pjrd elgjrod gdrrjgtl#jntj rj%uara$ #uged taj#pd, rj"oja$n ! jnsl!ds El*l gajrtl

p9tanl ! lt#$s"jrl %uj ndsdtrds %ujr*l#ds gdnsjrlr Ols gdnkagadnjs %uj el*l#ds jstlojgakd jrln


18/49

#u! jspjg*"aglsM tjn*l#ds %uj sjr #u! plgajntjs, d "dr/lrols ! grjlrols d grjd %uj, l nujstrd #dkd,

ndsdtrds #as#ds nds gdnjrta#ds jn trl#pjrdsM trl#pjrds kjakd l ols gargunstlngals

Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) trlnspdrt$ l Ouj/7a nd s$od lo slol'j Djstj sand tl#aán lo plasl'j

dn*ragd %uj trlns#atj jo sugdnsgajntj kj +olss A-9rratu jpoagl, IKurlntj jo al'j kj +olss, gulnkd jst9

sdod ! "*sagl#jntj lo drkj kjo gdolpsd, ol 0nagl "dr#l kj sljr g$#d js áo gd#d pjrsdnl js l trlás kjsus asadnjs ! "lntls*ls, %uj nds prdpdrgadnln an"dr#lga$n sdrj su jstlkd kj 9na#d ! su plslkd

[dkds ods lgtdrjs sj %ujklrdn lsdoutl#jntj "lsganlkds gdn jo jstaod "dtd&r9"agd kjo IGead, %uj

tl#aán ojs ja&*l l joods #uged #9s IOl "dtd&rl"*l kjo IGead js unl plrtj antr*nsjgl kjo prdgjsd

grjltad kj Loj'lnkrd, dsjrl KaGlprad IL#ds sj su#jr&jn pdr gd#pojtd jn jo #ltjralo kjo %uj

kaspdnjn ! kjspuás trll'ln gdn ods lgtdrjs jn ol gddrkanlga$n kj polnds ! #da#ajntds angrj*oj#jntj

gd#poj'ds Od %uj jgjpgadnlo#jntj od&rln jn jstj "ao#j js unl rjloaklk artulo kdnkj sajntjs %uj t0

jst9s loo* ougelnkd gdntrl ods joj#jntds 'untd l ods pjrsdnl'js Rasulo#jntj, tajnjs ol pjrspjgtal kj +olss

elstl jo puntd kj %uj plrjgj %uj glsa "dr#ls plrtj kj su sugdnsgajntj

Kdn+" !d h!d "#


19/49

0nagl#jntj ou/ nlturlo, od %uj a#poagll unl antjr#anloj 0s%ujkl kj odgloa/lgadnjs %uj tuajrln ol ou/

ak$njl jn ols edrls lkjgulkls kjo k*l I[jn*l#ds %uj oakalr gdnstlntj#jntj gdn od %uj ol nlturloj/l nds

%uasajrl prdpdrgadnlr, sj-lol 2as7, Ipjrd jsd sj gdnarta$ jn unl plrtj a#pdrtlntj kjo prdpad prdgjsd

grjltad

Fnd kj ods poltds "ujrtjs kj 2as7 js su kasj-d kjo sjt %uj rjprjsjntl lo kjsgdntrdolkl#jntjjsplgadsd 2ujrtj @adBl, "lraglkd lrtjslnlo#jntj jn unl aj'l &rljrl kjo 8lr%uj 8rdangalo kj 1prl!

Rlooj!, gjrgl kj Gln#drj, Lojrtl Kjgakakd l rjpjtar ol eastdral, jo j%uapd kj 2as7 gdnstru!$ jo "ujrtj

utaoa/lnkd #ltjralojs ! kasj-ds rjlojs kj ol káglkl kj 63?=, lprdjgelnkd tdkl ol #lkjrl %uj

jngdntrlrdn

Id %ujr*l rjlo#jntj %uj jstj "ujrtj "ujrl jtrldrkanlral#jntj "ajo l ol ápdglM lo&d %uj od gdnajrtj

jn un ou&lr jn jo %uj ed! nd %ujrr*l#ds aar, kagj 2as7 rd#jlnkd IJn ou&lr kj elgjr un satad

ltrlgtad, od eaga#ds ane$spatd, pdr%uj ols akls kj l%ujoods ed#rjs jrln #u! kurls Lkj#9s, nd jrln

glrpantjrds, kj #lnjrl %uj jpodtl#ds ol akjl kj nd elgjr ols gdsls kj#lsalkd ajn d #j jn"lkll gdnods glrpantjrds saj#prj %uj elg*ln lo&d kj#lsalkd dnatd Nujstrd oj#l plrl jo "ujrtj ooj&$ l sjr; Od

ujnd js #lod, pjrd od #lod js ujndH

Jnj'jgjr ods sjts sj gdnarta$ jn unl "dr#l kj lrtj jn s* #as#l jn Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt)

I[jn*l#ds l ods jnglr&lkds kj lj'jntlr kjgdrlkds trll'lnkd #u! kurd jn jo "ujrtj Fnl jstrugturl jrl

kj#lsalkd gulkrlkl, ls* %uj ods pusj l trll'lr gdn unl #9%uanl jojlkdrl, ojlntlnkd ol jstrugturl un

plr kj jgjs ! kj'9nkdol gljr elstl klroj unl "dr#l un pdgd #9s kjsjnga'lkl, rjgujrkl 2as7

IKjkagl#ds tlntd taj#pd l ols tlrjls kj jnj'jga#ajntd gd#d l ol gdnstrugga$n

8lrl l'ustlrsj l ol njgjsaklk kj ou/ nlturlo, 2as7 gdnstru!$ angousd kds "ujrtjs lsdoutl#jntjakántagdsM und drajntlkd lo Jstj plrl ods rdkl'js kj #l-lnl ! dtrd drajntlkd lo Djstj plrl plrl lprdjgelr

jo sdo jspjrtand

2as7 rjgrj$ jo pdolkd kj ol trau 8lBnjj jn un jstukad kj Ods Vn&jojs utaoa/lnkd lutántagds

#ltjralojs ! tágnagls kj su guoturl I1a#poa"agl#ds lo&unds plsds kjo prdgjsd rjoltads lo pdolkd jn

anajrnd, pjrd ols pj%uj-ls glsls jst9n tdkls ejgels kj #lkjrl, lrrd ! pl'l, gd#d elr*ln sakd jn

rjloaklk, sj-lol

Lun%uj ol #l!dr*l kj ods sjts tajnjn unl lsj east$ragl, 2as7 kasj-$ tl#aán joj#jntds dn*ragds,

tlojs gd#d ol a#pdnjntj #dntl-l kj gloljrls kj 0"lod ! jo ruandsd glsglr$n kj unl a&ojsal jurdpjlDtrd jdglkdr sjt js jo gl#pl#jntd kj ods trl#pjrds %uj js ltlglkd pdr ods Lra7lrl jn ol ltlool anagalo

Gulnkd gd#ajn/l ol jsgjnl, jo gl#pl#jntd jst9 "dr#lkd pdr tajnkls a#prdaslkls, gdjrta/ds, "d&ltls !

dguplkds trl#pjrds %uj kjspjooj'ln pajojs kj glstdr ! ols l&rupln jn "lrkds 2as7 angousd gdnstru!$ unl

lrgl/l kj ol ápdgl, un 5jjomdlt , kdnkj tajnj ou&lr unl a#pdrtlntj plrtj kj ol lgga$n I.j &ustl %uj jo


20/49

lrgd sjl lsdoutl#jntj lutántagd, l"ar#l, IUjgjptd pdr jo #dtdr kj Y= glloods kj pdtjngal %uj dguotl

jn su antjradr plrl %uj pukaárl#ds ar l&uls lrralQ

2as7 js "l#dsd pdr gdnstruar sjts %uj pujkjn sjr "dtd&rl"alkds kjskj gulo%uajr 9n&uod ! Jo

]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) nd "uj nan&unl jgjpga$n 2as7 l"ar#l, I.j &ustl %uj ods sjts pujkln "ao#lrsj

gdn unl gdjrturl kj dk#jr, un pantdr sua/d gdndgakd pdr sus rjtrltds kj nltads l#jraglnds,jspjgalo#jntj kj ol trau .lnkln kj Kl7dtl kjo 1ur

Fnl panturl jn gdngrjtd oj sara$ kj ansparlga$n plrl ol lplrajngal kjo pjrsdnl'j %uj antjrprjtl

Ojdnlrkd KaGlprad IJs un gulkrd kj un gl/lkdr nltad, lsdoutl#jntj rdkjlkd kj ds%uj, %uj astj unl

ojatl gdn glpugel jtrj#lkl#jntj sjngaool, kjsgraj 4jst IL Loj'lnkrd oj jnglnt$ gulnkd sj od

jnsj-á L Loj'lnkrd oj &ustln ols gdsls #dkjstls pjrd jn lsdoutd ang$#dkls Oj &ustl %uj ol pjrsdnl sj

#lna"ajstj l trlás kj su rdpl Ol glpugel ajnj kj ol a#l&jn %uj Loj'lnkrd tud saj#prj kj +olss gd#d

pjrsdnlo jsparatulo, lo&d ls* gd#d un #dn'j 1u gl#asl js l#poal ! #u! "ungadnlo, ejgel jn tjol kj oand,

%uj +olss el*l gd#prlkd jn jo "ujrtj odglo Nd el! nlkl dstjntdsd jn jo pjrsdnl'j 1u jsta#jntl ojjatl ols angd#dkaklkjs kj ods joj#jntds nlturlojs kjo jntdrnd

4jst prdsa&uj; ILoj'lnkrd tud ol #u! pdátagl akjl kj %uj Ojd oojlr*l jnga#l ol pajo kj dsd %uj

sus gd#pl-jrds doakln gulnkd oj llnkdnln Js unl a#l&jn jtrldrkanlral#jntj o*ragl, ! el! gajrtl

ardn*l jn jo ejged kj %uj jo lna#lo %uj glsa oj #lt$, slol su akl Ol pajo oj #lntajnj gloajntj, oj prdtj&j

! oj pjr#atj "odtlr jn jo r*d

=9


21/49

4jst gdntrlpusd ol a#l&jn kj +olss gdn ol kj su lntl&dnastl, 2at/&jrlok Id jd l 2at/&jrlok gd#d

lo&uajn gu!ds a#puosds djkjgjn lo #ajkd glsa pdr gd#pojtd, jpoagl I8dr tlntd, angdrpdrá #dntdnjs

kj lna#lojs jn su jstulrad, gdn un lra&d tdtlo#jntj "drrlkd pdr pajojs kj nutral ! un sd#rjrd kj

glstdr (4jst surl!l %uj tdkls ols pajojs utaoa/lkls jn ol pjo*guol prdgjk*ln kj 8lga"ag 2ur [rlkj, %uj

ols lk%uajrj jn jo Kjplrtl#jntd kj 8lr%ujs, ! "ujrdn jtrl*kls tdkls kj "dr#l eu#lnatlral)Ol lplrajngal kj ods trl#pjrds js plrtaguolr ! kastantal plrl glkl und kj joods I:a# >rak&jr jrl un

geagd kj &rln'l, ls* %uj oj eagj unl rdpl glsjrl pjrd tl#aán un angrj*oj lra&d kj pajo kj 0"lod Jo

lspjgtd kj 1tu! >aoo od sl%uá kj unl panturl kj un trl#pjrd %uj oojll plntlodnjs l rl!ls ! un

gel%ujt$n l/uo .urpe! tjn*l unl pjrsdnloaklk #9s jurdpjl, ! !d #j a#l&aná %uj elr*l gd#jrgalkd gdn

ods "rlngjsjs pdr jo glpdtj %uj oojl L glkl pjrsdnl oj prdpdrgadná unds lntjgjkjntjs, od gulo ka"jrjnga$

gd#pojtl#jntj sus ltujnkds

Jo jstulrad kjo glpat9n Ejnr! jst9 lslkd jn su anku#jntlral rjlo, lgtulo#jntj jpujstl jn jo

.usjd kjo Gd#jrgad kj 8ajojs kj Njrls7l IJs jo 0nagd pjrsdnl'j sdrj jo %uj tjn*l #9s an"dr#lga$nasulo 1us #lools jrln jtrldrkanlral#jntj anlkjgulkls, pjrd jrln ols pdolanls %uj áo oojll rjlo#jntj

jo gdrtj kj su lra&d js tl#aán #u! "l#dsd, ls* %uj tjn*l#ds %uj rjprdkugarod

Lo a&ulo %uj :lg7 2as7 jn su lplrtlkd, 4jst tud %uj kjkaglrsj l jnj'jgjr ! dsgurjgjr

gdnstlntj#jntj IFs9l#ds gd#d tj#l kj "dnkd ol glnga$n 8lant At >olg7H, kagj jntrj rasls

IKjs&lrrl#ds, rjstrj&l#ds j eaga#ds tarls ols tjols [dkd sj j #u&rajntd ! glsta&lkd pdr jo goa#lM nd

dstlntj, !d od jngdntrll ejr#dsd, pdr%uj, prjgasl#jntj pdr jo gdntrlstj, sj lprjgal jo raood kj ods d'ds

kj ods lgtdrjs

L 4jst oj jntusals#ll jspjgalo#jntj tjnjr ol dpdrtunaklk kj #dstrlr ol jsta#jntl kj ods nltadsl#jraglnds kj ol ápdgl IOds nltads oojlln "rjgujntj#jntj od %uj sj kjnd#anll unl gl#asl kj

&ujrrlH, "lraglkls gdn kds pajojs ! elatulo#jntj kjgdrlkls pdr sus jspdsls [l#aán nds js"dr/l#ds jn

sjr "ajojs l ods kastantds ltujnkds kj glkl unl kj ols traus, jpoagl IOds 8lBnjj usln lo&dk$n ! olnl

pdr%uj jstlln #9s gjrgl kjo pujstd gd#jrgalo, #ajntrls %uj ods Lra7lrl, ods .lnkln ! ods 1adu oojln

gujrd

8lrl ol gl#asl kj &ujrrlH kj Jo7 Kd&, 4jst utaoa/$ und kj ods s*#dods #9s pdtjntjs kj ods

Lra7lrl; un &rlnd kj #l*/ IJo #l*/ sa&na"agl %uj, sa #ujrjs jn ol ltlool, polntlr9n jn ol tajrrl jsls

sj#aools 'untd l tu gujrpd, ! kj le* sur&ar9 lo&d nujd Js unl "dr#l kj tjnjr l ol #lkrj nlturloj/lgdnta&d kurlntj ol ltlool, jpoagl

Ol jsta#jntl, sjngaool pjrd lutántagl, kjo gurlnkjrd ankad, Ea7ug, gdn sus *nguods gdn jo plslkd,

gdn#da$ l Lrteur ]jkgoduk I1jnt* gd#d sa ol rdpl %uj oojll "ujrl unl plrtj kj #* ! kjslrrdooá un

j#plt*l j#dgadnlo gdn jool Fn trl'j kj gjrj#dnal sj l&lrrl l ta gulnkd áo %uajrj d sjnt* %uj #a

=


22/49

jstulrad #j el*l joj&akd ! od oojll gdn &rln edndr ! rjspjtd, l"ar#l, Ind s$od pdr #* #as#d d pdr ol

pjo*guol, sand pdr #as lntjplslkds

GDN@JOLGA×N0 ML]MLW Q WLN@]J= YJOZ5ZJ]1L Q HL5ZAOOLFJ

Ol kasj-lkdrl kj #l%uaool'j 1aln +ra&& el gdoldrlkd gdn Ojdnlrkd KaGlprad kurlntj jantj l-ds,

kjskj %uj trll'lrdn pdr pra#jrl j/ jn ol pjo*guol [atlnag, pjrd Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) ja&*l jo

prdgjsd kj #l%uaool'j #9s antjnsad lo %uj KaGlprad sj euajrl sd#jtakd nungl Kjskj jo #d#jntd jn

%uj +olss js ltlglkd pdr jo dsd, +ra&& sj-lol %uj sj trlns"dr#l jn lo&uajn glsa arrjgdndgaoj INlkaj

jspjrl %uj +olss sdrjal, pdr od %uj sus ejrakls tjn*ln %uj plrjgjr tjrraojs, l"ar#l I[ajnjs %uj grjjr

rjlo#jntj %uj +olss pdsaoj#jntj nd al, od gulo a#poagll unl lsd#rdsl glntaklk kj #l%uaool'j

Jo prdgjsd gd#jn/$ lnloa/lnkd od %uj jo ltl%uj kj un dsd pujkj elgjr l un gujrpd eu#lnd 2uj un

trll'd kj #l%uaool'j plrtaguolr#jntj kan9#agdM klkd %uj +olss sj j#paj/l l gurlr ojntl#jntj ! ouj&d

su"rj nujls ejrakls, su glrl, su pjod ! su pajo gl#aln gdnstlntj#jntj Ods glrkjnlojs kjralkds kj ols

gdntusadnjs ! ols ejrakls an"jgtlkls kj KaGlprad sj trlns"dr#ln jn tdkd un #lpl kj gagltragjs

IKj*l #dstrlrsj jn plntlool tdkd od %uj +olss plkjgj, kagj +ra&& I8jrd jo ejged kj rdklr jn

drkjn grdndo$&agd supusd unl jndr#j jntl'l plrl nujstrd trll'd Jood a#poagll %uj j"jgtal#jntj

pdk*l#ds elgjr tdkds ods k*ls sutaojs gl#ads kj #l%uaool'j %uj rj"oj'lrln jo jstlkd "*sagd kj +olss

Angousd lntjs kjo ltl%uj, KaGlprad tjn*l %uj lplrjgjr gd#d un oj-lkdr %uj aj san un jspj'd d un

l-d Jo lgtdr sj kj'$ grjgjr unl pdolkl ! kjsguaklkl lrlM ! rjgaa$ unl kalral glpl kj sugajklk sdrj

rdstrd, gujrpd ! u-ls 8dstjradr#jntj, jo gujrpd kj KaGlprad "uj guajrtd gdn pr$tjsas pdstltl%uj,grjlkls pdr jo kasj-lkdr kj #l%uaool'j kj j"jgtds jspjgalojs Kungln :lr#dn 2uj un prdgjsd #anugadsd,

%uj a#poagll jsguopar, pantlr ! gurar kj pjod glkl paj/l ankaakulo#jntj Glkl unl kj ols ejrakls tjn*l

%uj jrsj jn sus ka"jrjntjs "lsjs kj rjgupjrlga$n, ! lsa#as#d kj*ln sjr susgjptaojs kj pdkjr gjrrlrsj

gdn eaod ! l&u'l

INd js elatulo %uj jo #l%uaool'j sjl tln "unkl#jntlo plrl unl eastdral gd#d od js l%u*, kagj

+ra&& I[jnjr ol dpdrtunaklk kj gdntlr plrgalo#jntj unl eastdral l trlás kjo #l%uaool'j js tdkd un

rj&lod

Ol pjou%ujrl kj KaGlprad, @lte! >odnkjoo, trll'$ gdn'untl#jntj gdn +ra&& L lsj kj #ugeljpjra#jntlga$n, >odnkjoo od&r$ klr gdn unl #j/gol kj &oagjranl ! lrjnl %uj kll lo pjod kjo lgtdr ol

jtrl-l tjturl kj un ed#rj %uj nd tajnj #jkads plrl ollrsj ol sln&rj ! %uatlrsj ol sugajklk

.ajntrls tlntd, ]djrt 8lnkana, 'j"j kjo kjplrtl#jntd kj pjou%ujr*l, sj dgupll kjo lspjgtd kj ods

trl#pjrds I8rdloj#jntj s$od aln l un "ujrtj plrl lsjslrsj glkl pdgds #jsjs, ls* %uj ol rjloaklk jrl

%uj tjn*ln un #dnt$n kj lrjnl jnga#l, kagj 8lnkana ILoj'lnkrd #j paka$ %uj prdpdrgadnlrl l glkl

==


23/49

trl#pjrd unds lntjgjkjntjs Lo&unds tjn*ln %uj#lkurls kj p$odrl %uj el*ln #jr#lkd su gljood pdr

ods olkdsM dtrds tjn*ln pad'ds, ls* %uj sj lrrlnglln trd/ds kj pjod

Jn gulntd l ods pjrsdnl'js nltads l#jraglnds, 8lnkana ojs kj'$ jo pjod sujotd IOjs kj'á jo gljood

#u! nlturlo ! sjngaood 8ujkj %uj nd "ujrl "ajo l ol ápdgl plrl tdkls ols traus, pjrd jo lspjgtd kj su

#jojnl jstlojg*l un *nguod jntrj joods, jpoagl+rlel# :denstdn, 'j"j kjo kjplrtl#jntd kj #l%uaool'j, lsu#a$ jo #as#d #lnkltd IOl sjnslga$n

%uj kll tdkl ol pjo*guol jrl kj #u&rjM jrl sugal, jrl rjlo , rjsu#j IJn glkl "dtd&rl#l, sj j*l l glkl

pjrsdnl'j #9s glsta&lkd pdr ols gdnkagadnjs goa#9tagls

WDM]J2A2AJNKD L 6JO ]JNLGAKD3

Lo rdklr jtjradrjs jn Glnlk9 ! Lr&jntanl, gdn najj, ajntd !, "rjgujntj#jntj, l jojlkl loturl,

tlntd rjplrtd gd#d j%uapd tágnagd kj Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) tuajrdn %uj jn"rjntlrsj l rj#lnjntjs

kj ods #as#ds pjoa&rds ! gdnkagadnjs %uj l"rdnt$ ol &jntj %uj elatll ol rj&a$n kj Kl7dtl kjo 1ur jn

63?


24/49

un lgtdr plrl #jtjrtj pdr gd#pojtd jn satulga$n

Ods pjoa&rds angou*ln kjskj llolngels elstl dsdsM ol prdkugga$n angousd gdnt$ kalral#jntj gdn un

Gddrkanlkdr kj 1j&uraklk gdntrl Dsds jn jo sjt (Lun%uj rjplrtd ! j%uapd tjn*ln unl 'usta"aglkl

prjdguplga$n pdr ods dsds odglojs, nd sj us$ l nan&0n dsd rjlo jn ols sjgujngals kjo ltl%uj kjo dsd plrkd

sj "uj und kj ods pdgds glsds kdnkj A-9rratu utaoa/$ j"jgtds &jnjrlkds pdr drkjnlkdr)Dtrl a#pdrtlntj l#jnl/l, lo a&ulo %uj od js plrl Eu&e +olss jn ol eastdral, "uj jo goa#l Jn un

#d#jntd klkd, unl jntasgl trl'd tj#pjrlturls kj 3= &rlkds l'd gjrd, ls* gd#d ol njgjsaklk plrl ods

#aj#rds kjo j%uapd kj jstlr pjnkajntjs unds kj dtrds pdr sa su"r*ln sa&nds kj gdn&jolga$n IEj

lprjnkakd %uj nd jastj jo #lo taj#pd, s$od el! rdpl anlkjgulkl, rd#jl A-9rratu, pjrd tl#aán sj-lol

%uj jo antjnsd "r*d prdpdrgadn$ lo "ao#j unl jsglod"ralntj rjloaklk %uj un rdkl'j jn gdnkagadnjs #9s taals

nd elr*l pdkakd lpdrtlr

Gd#d sujoj dgurrar jn unl pjo*guol kj jtrj#ds, unl dol kj glodr %uj lta$ rágdrks (jo anajrnd

glnlkajnsj #9s g9oakd jn ?< l-ds) gdnarta$ l ods rjloa/lkdrjs jn /ledr*js (usglkdrjs) kj najjILojrtl js #u! susgjptaoj l gl#ads rlkaglojs kj tj#pjrlturl, kagj A-9rratu I8ujkjs tjnjr elstl sajtj

tapds ka"jrjntjs kj goa#l jn un sdod k*l Lo prangapad, nds jn"rjntl#ds l l'ls tj#pjrlturls ! jntasgls

.9s tlrkj, tua#ds %uj oakalr gdn ol lusjngal kj najj 2uj un anajrnd kj rágdrks kj lotls tj#pjrlturls,

! ndsdtrds plsl#ds kj pjrsj&uar l ods Geandd7s l pjrsj&uar eajod

Jn dglsadnjs, &rupds kj ed#rjs lr#lkds gdn plols jrln jnalkds l unl #dntl-l gjrglnl plrl

trljr jo loadsd ! j"*#jrd #ltjralo 2anlo#jntj, ol prdkugga$n sj kjspol/$ kurlntj kds sj#lnls l [ajrrl

kjo 2uj&d, jn jo jtrj#d #9s #jrakadnlo kj L#áragl kjo 1ur, plrl pdkjr glpturlr ols gdnkagadnjs

anjrnlojs rj%ujrakls plrl gd#pojtlr jo "ao#jOl pjo*guol gjrr$ "anlo#jntj jo g*rguod Jn jo 0ota#d k*l kj rdkl'j, A-9rratu rjuna$ l rjplrtd ! j%uapd

tágnagd, a&ulo %uj od el*l ejged lo anagad kjo "ao#j Jo karjgtdr ka'd lo &rupd, IElgjr unl pjo*guol gd#d

ástl js jo al'j kj unl akl El sakd un al'j #lrlaoodsd, gdn #d#jntds ka"*gaojs, kurds ! ejr#dsds .j

sajntd ednrlkd, l&rlkjgakd, rjspjtudsd, "joa/ ! trastj kj %uj el!l#ds od&rlkd od %uj ej#ds od&rlkd Od

%uj ej#ds od&rlkd js lo&d angrj*oj [dkds ! glkl und kj ods k*ls kj prdkugga$n eln sakd ka"*gaojs, pjrd

!d grjd %uj ástl el sakd ol jpjrajngal lrt*stagl #9s sltas"lgtdral kj tdkl #a akl

=;


25/49

WDM]J JO ]JYL][D

OJDNL]KD KaGLY]AD (Eu&e +olss) js un &lolrkdnlkd lgtdr, nd#anlkd lo 8rj#ad kj ol

Lglkj#al jn gangd dglsadnjs, %uj el dtjnakd rjgdndga#ajntd gd#d antárprjtj, prdkugtdr ! lgtaastl

.9s rjgajntj#jntj, KaGlprad el gdoldrlkd gdn Njt"oa jn jo jstrjnd kj ?arun`l, un kdgu#jntlond#anlkd lo 8rj#ad kj ol Lglkj#al %uj jl#anl ol prjsjrlga$n kj &draols jn jo 8lr%uj Nlgadnlo

Rarun&l, kj ol ]jp0oagl Kj#dgr9tagl kjo Gdn&d Lntjradr#jntj, KaGlprad el*l prdkugakd !

prdtl&dna/lkd Jo odmd kj 0loo $trjjt , pjo*guol kara&akl pdr .lrtan 1gdrsjsj, pdr gu!d trll'd rjgaa$ jo

+odd kj Drd lo #j'dr lgtdr jn pjo*guol, #usaglo d gd#jkal, lkj#9s kj sjr nd#anlkd l sjnkds 8rj#ads

kj ol Lglkj#al gd#d #j'dr lgtdr prdtl&dnastl ! gd#d #j'dr pjo*guol, jn su gloaklk kj prdkugtdr Lntjs

kj Jo odmd kj 0loo $trjjt , el*l prdtl&dna/lkd jo &rln áatd gd#jrgalo Jo `rln +ltsm# ls* gd#d *ln`d

kjsjnglkjnlkd, pdr gu!l oldr "uj nd#anlkd l un +odd kj Drd 8dr su antjrprjtlga$n kjo pjrsdnl'j %uj

kl t*tuod lo "ao#j jn ol pjo*guol 8. Jk`lr , gdn karjgga$n kj Goant JlstBddk, KaGlprad "uj nd#anlkd l un+odd kj Drd ! l ods prj#ads kjo 1ankagltd kj Lgtdrjs (1L+) ! GratagsH Gedagj Lkagadnlo#jntj,

prdtl&dna/$ jo áatd kj tl%uaool kj Gerastdpejr Ndoln 9ra`jn, ls* gd#d jo teraoojr krl#9tagd $euttjr

>solnk , %uj supusd su gulrtl gdoldrlga$n gdn jo karjgtdr .lrtan 1gdrsjsj

Lntjs kj sjr kdoj#jntj nd#anlkd lo Dsglr pdr Jo odmd kj 0loo $trjjt , KaGlprad el*l sakd

glnkakltd l un 8rj#ad kj ol Lglkj#al jn ?== pdr su lgtulga$n jn jo krl#l kara&akd pdr JkBlrk SBag7

*alhlntj kj sln`rj 8dr su trll'd jn jstj "ao#j, tl#aán "uj nd#anlkd lo +odd kj Drd ! l ods prj#ads

kjo 1ankagltd kj Lgtdrjs (1L+) ! GratagsH Gedagj Jsj #as#d l-d, "uj glnkakltd lo +odd kj Drd, lo

>L2[L ! l ods prj#ads GratagsH Gedagj ! 1L+ pdr su plpjo jn >n!aotrlkds, "ao#j kara&akd pdr 1gdrsjsj !&lnlkdr kjo 8rj#ad kj ol Lglkj#al l ol #j'dr pjo*guol Lsa#as#d, gd#plrta$ unl nd#anlga$n lo prj#ad

1L+ jn ol gltj&dr*l kj #j'dr lgtulga$n kj rjplrtd kj pjo*guol gd#d #aj#rd kjo rjplrtd gdrlo kj

>n!aotrlkds

Lntjradr#jntj el*l sakd nd#anlkd lo 8rj#ad kj ol Lglkj#al pdr su antjrprjtlga$n jn jo lgol#lkd

madpag rjloa/lkd pdr 1gdrsjsj jn ?==Y Jo lvalkdr. Jo pjrsdnl'j kj EdBlrk Eu&ejs antjrprjtlkd pdr

KaGlprad jn jsj "ao#j oj loa$ tl#aán un +odd kj Drd lo #j'dr lgtdr jn pjo*guol krl#9tagl, ls* gd#d

nd#anlgadnjs lo prj#ad GratagsH Gedagj ! lo >L2[L [l#aán "uj rjgdndgakd gdn kds nd#anlgadnjs lo

prj#ad 1L+, unl gd#d #j'dr lgtdr ! dtrl jn ol gltj&dr*l kj #j'dr lgtulga$n kj rjplrtd jn pjo*guol, gd#dantj&rlntj kjo jojngd kj Jo lvalkdr

Lkj#9s kj su oldr gd#d lgtdr, KaGlprad el grjlkd su prdpal gd#pl-*l kj prdkugga$n; Lppaln

4l! >l'd jo jstlnklrtj kj Lppaln 4l!, KaGlprad jsgraa$, prdku'd ! "uj jo nlrrlkdr kjo lgol#lkd

kdgu#jntlo kj tj#9tagl #jkadl#ajntlo /l edrl


26/49

]dl, /l eu-r!lnl, Jnjha`ds p4moagds, /l oj# kjo h"s !ujrtj, prdtl&dna/lkd pdr Gerastaln >loj ! 4ddk!

Elrrjosdn, ! ]unnjr, ]unnjr , prdtl&dna/lkd pdr :ustan [a#jrol7j ! >jn L""ojg7 1u glt9od&d kj

pr$a#ls prdkuggadnjs angou!j ol lklptlga$n ganj#ltd&r9"agl kj ol lgol#lkl ndjol jsgratl pdr Kjnnas

Ojelnj IOaj >! Na&et, %uj >jn L""ojg7 lklptlr9, kara&ar9 ! prdtl&dna/lr9M ol pjo*guol kj :lu#j Gdoojt

1jrrl 5arl, jsgratl pdr Klntj ElrpjrM ! kds prd!jgtds jsgratds pdr >aoo! ]l!; [1oa`et Idnj, kjo karjgtdr:dsjpe @dsan7a, ! unl pjo*guol l0n san t*tuod %uj kara&ar9 ]agelrk :jBjoo ! prdtl&dna/lr9 :dnle Eaoo

Nlgakd jn Edoo!Bddk, Gloa"drnal, KaGlprad j#pj/$ l lgtulr l ods 6Y l-ds Jo trll'd

ganj#ltd&r9"agd %uj oj kad l gdndgjr "uj ol lklptlga$n ganj#ltd&r9"agl %uj .ageljo Gltdn:dnjs rjloa/$

jn 6__< kjo krl#l lutdad&r9"agd kj [dals 4do"" ?akl kj jstj geagd Jsj #as#d l-d, gdprdtl&dna/$ jo

"ao#j kj Olssj EloostrX# L qua-n lhl +aomjrt +rlpj, od&rlnkd sus pra#jrls nd#anlgadnjs lo 8rj#ad

kj ol Lglkj#al ! lo +odd kj Drd pdr su antjrprjtlga$n kj un 'djn kasglplgatlkd #jntlo Lkj#9s,

dtud jo prj#ad kj ol Nltadnlo >dlrk d" ]jajB lo #j'dr lgtdr sjgunklrad ! jo prj#ad Nujl

+jnjrlga$n kj ol Lsdgalga$n kj Gr*tagds kj Ganj kj Ods Vn&jojs pdr su trll'd jn jstj "ao#jJn 6__, KaGlprad tud plpjojs prdtl&dnastls jn trjs pjo*guols #u! ka"jrjntjs, j#pj/lnkd pdr jo

1jstjrn kj 1l# ]la#a ]"pakl # hdrtlo [l#aán "uj #u! jod&alkd pdr su antjrprjtlga$n kjo krd&lkagtd

:a# Glrrdoo jn jo kjs&lrrlkdr krl#l *alrad kj un rjmjokj, ! pdr su jnglrnlga$n kjo trlstdrnlkd pdjtl

asjulo Lrteur ]a#luk jn ol pjo*guol kj L&najs/7l Edoolnk ?akls lo ohatj Lo l-d sa&uajntj, KaGlprad

prdtl&dna/$ ol gdntj#pdr9njl lklptlga$n ganj#ltd&r9"agl rjloa/lkl pdr >l/ Ouer#lnn kj ]dhjd #

8uoajtl, kj 0aooalh $el5jspjlrj, pdr ol %uj &ln$ jo prj#ad lo #j'dr lgtdr jn jo 2jstalo Antjrnlgadnlo kj

Ganj kj >jro*n [l#aán "dr#$ plrtj kjo jstjolr rjplrtd gdrlo kj /l elmatlga%n kj ;lrvan, gd#plrtajnkd

unl nd#anlga$n lo prj#ad 1L+ jn ol gltj&dr*l kj #j'dr lgtulga$n kj rjplrtd kj pjo*guolJn 6__, KaGlprad prdtl&dna/$ 'untd l @ltj 4ansojt jo &rln áatd kj tl%uaool [atlnag, pdr gu!d

trll'd "uj nd#anlkd l un +odd kj Drd Ol pjo*guol rd#pa$ tdkds ods rjgdrks kj tl%uaool jn su gl#and

elgal ods Dsglr, ooj&lnkd l &lnlr 66 prj#ads kj ol Lglkj#al, angou!jnkd jo kj #j'dr pjo*guol 1u

pdstjradr ganj#ltd&rl"*l angou!j; un kdoj plpjo jn Jo edhmrj kj ol h"sglrl kj eajrrdM /l pol#lM

3jojmrat#, kj 4ddk! LoojnM ol pjo*guol kj 1tjjn 1pajojr& tr"plhj sa pujkjs (pdr ol %uj "uj nd#anlkd

l un +odd kj Drd)M +ln`s d! Nj1 Gdr5 (su pra#jrl pjo*guol gdn jo karjgtdr .lrtan 1gdrsjsj)M ]jk kj

hjntarls, kj ]akoj! 1gdttM ! ]jvdoutadnlr# ]dlk , kj 1l# .jnkjs, %uj doa$ l 'untlr l KaGlprad gdn

4ansojt ! oj loa$ su sápta#l nd#anlga$n lo +odd kj DrdKaGlprad js #u! gdndgakd pdr su kjkaglga$n lo #jkad l#ajntj l jsglol &odlo, prdkugajnkd

prd!jgtds grjltads tlojs gd#d jo kdgu#jntlo /l edrl


27/49

Jn sjptaj#rj kj ?=6Y, KaGlprad "uj nd#rlkd .jnsl'jrd kj ol 8l/ kj Nlgadnjs Fnakls pdr su

prdodn&lkd gd#prd#asd gdn jo lgtaas#d #jkadl#ajntlo Jsj #as#d #js, KaGlprad "uj rjgdndgakd gdn

jo prj#ad Goantdn +odlo Gata/jn, plrtagap$ jn ol #lna"jstlga$n kj ol gauklk kj Nujl dr7 #9s

#uotatukanlral kj ol eastdral j antjrand lgtal#jntj jn ol Gu#rj sdrj jo Goa#l dr&lna/lkl pdr

Nlgadnjs Fnakls

[DH EL]KQ (2at/&jrlok) sj el gdnjrtakd r9pakl#jntj jn und kj ods lgtdrjs #9s jrs9taojs !

sdoagatlkds kj ol lgtuloaklk, od&rlnkd l od olr&d kj ods l-ds jo jod&ad ! rjgdndga#ajntd &jnjrloa/lkds,

tlntd kj gr*tagl gd#d kj p0oagd, pdr sus angrj*ojs trlns"dr#lgadnjs ! su l#poal lrajklk kj rj&astrds jn

ka"jrjntjs #jkads, angou!jnkd ganj, tjojasa$n ! tjltrd

Dra&anlrad kj +rln >rjtl-l, Elrk! jstukall jn ol prjsta&adsl jsgujol Krl#l Gjntrj Odnkdn

gulnkd oj d"rjgajrdn jo plpjo %uj oj klr*l l gdndgjr jn ol &lolrkdnlkl #anasjraj kj E>D sdrj ol AA

+ujrrl .unkalo Kjrhlnds kj sln`rj', gu!ds prdkugtdrjs j'jgutads "ujrdn [d# Eln7s ! 1tjjn

1pajojr& 1u kjut ganj#ltd&r9"agd ooj&$ pdgd kjspuás, gulnkd "uj joj&akd plrl trll'lr jn jo krl#l

áoagd kj ]akoj! 1gdtt Molg5 l15 kjrramlkd (?==6), trll'lnkd l gdntanulga$n jn jo "ao#j kj gajngal

"agga$n ! ljnturls $tlr [rj5: N-hjsas (?==?), kara&akd pdr 1tulrt >lark

Jn ?==3, Elrk! glpt$ ol ltjnga$n #unkalo pdr su "lsganlntj trlns"dr#lga$n jn jo gdnagtd,

#lna"ajstl#jntj adojntd ! pjrsdnl'j rjlo, %uj kl t*tuod lo krl#l kj Nagdols 4ankan& ]j"n Mrdnsdn,

od&rlnkd jo prj#ad >ratase Ankjpjnkjnt 2ao# lo #j'dr lgtdr pdr su antjrprjtlga$n jn jstj "ao#j Ol

Lglkj#al >rat9nagl kj ols Lrtjs Ganj#ltd&r9"agls ! kj ol [jojasa$n (>L2[L) rjgdndga$ pdstjradr#jntj,

jn ?=66, ods od&rds kj Elrk! dtdr&9nkdoj jo prj#ad lgtdr rjjolga$nH Ol pdstjradr ganj#ltd&rl"*l kjolgtdr angou!j jod&alkds trll'ds jn; ols pjo*guols kj Gerastdpejr Ndoln 9ra`jn (?=6=) ! Jo glmloojrd

dsgurd: /l oj#jnkl rjnlgj (?=6?)M Jo tdpd (?=66), kj [d#ls Lo"rjksdnM 0lrradr (?=66), kj +lan

DHGdnndrM $an oj# (/l1ojss) (?=6?), kj :den Eaoogdlt, ! /l jntrj`l (?=6Y), kj .agel^o ] ]ds7l#

Jn ?=6>G Kjl5# Moankjrs'. Jn ?==3, Elrk! "uj nd#anlkd lo >L2[L l #j'dr lgtdr pdr su antjrprjtlga$n jn

ol pjo*guol kj E>D K$tulrt: /a!j Mlg51lrks', ! jn ?==_ antjrprjt$ l Ejltegoa""H jn ol prdkugga$n kj

A[R kj K3uhmrjs mdrrlsgdsls'. 1u trll'd jn tjojasa$n angou!j lsa#as#d ods tjoj"ao#js K9oavjr [1ast',

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28/49

K !dr nkrdhjkl', K$1jjnj# [dkk', K+akjdn2s *lu`etjr' ! K3dokat', ls* gd#d ol #anasjraj kj

>>G K[ej ?ar`an Bujjn'.

Jn tjltrd, Elrk! el lgtulkd jn nu#jrdsls drls kjo 4jst Jnk odnkanjnsj, tlojs gd#d Moddk j >n

rlmal 0j2k oo Mj

@an`s, &lnlnkd jn ?==< jo prj#ad kj [jltrd Jjnan& 1tlnklrk lo #j'dr lgtdr

rjjolga$n pdr su trll'd jn l#ls prdkuggadnjs, ls* gd#d unl nd#anlga$n lo prj#ad Doaajr pdr ol0ota#l jn ?==Y Jn ?==, Elrk! lgtu$ jn jo jstrjnd jn Odnkrjs kj ol drl kj >rjtt G Ojdnlrk ]d`jr

lnk ?lnjssl 1u trll'd sdrj ods jsgjnlrads angou!j tl#aán; ol lklptlga$n kj ]u"us Ndrras kj 6jstjn,

rjprjsjntlkl jn jo tjltrd Lo#jaklM [ej

;dkjrnasts, rjprjsjntlkl jn jo Grugaoj [ejltrj, jn 1ej""ajokM

[ej ;ln d! ;dkj, rjprjsjntlkl jn jo Nltadnlo [ejltrjM ! jn ?=6=, jo jstrjnd #unkalo kj ol drl kj

>rjtt G Ojdnlrk [ej /dn` ]jk ]dlk , kara&akl pdr 8eaoap 1j!#dur Ed""#ln plrl jo +ddk#ln [ejltrj

kj Geagl&d

Lkj#9s kj ol antjrprjtlga$n, Elrk! js tl#aán jo "unklkdr ! karjgtdr j'jgutad kj ol prdkugtdrl

rat9nagl Elrk! 1dn T >l7jr, %uj trll'l gdn N>GFnajrslo Antjrnltadnlo [jojasadn (gdoldrlnkd gdn25, ol gd#pl-*l kj ]akoj! 1gdtt, 1gdtt 2rjj 8rdkugtadns, 4dr7an& [atoj ! >>G), ls* gd#d kj su "aoalo jn

Jstlkds Fnakds, Jjgutaj Dptadns, %uj #lntajnj lgujrkds gdn 4lrnjr >rds 1tukads .aj#rd kj ol

Lglkj#al kj ols Lrtjs ! Gajngals Ganj#ltd&r9"agls, Elrk! js tl#aán J#l'lkdr kjo 8rangjis [rust !

gdoldrl gdn ols dr&lna/lgadnjs ]d!lo .lranjs Gelratloj [rust 2unk (].G[2) ! Ejop 2dr Ejrdjs

.9s rjgajntj#jntj, Elrk! el prdtl&dna/lkd jo krl#l gra#anlo kj >raln Ejo&jolnk /j`jnk , kdnkj

lsu#j jo rjtd kj antjrprjtlr kds plpjojs, ]dnlok ! ]j&anlok @rl!, ods trastj#jntj gáojrjs &9nstjrjs

&j#jods %uj &djrnlrdn jo Jlst Jnk odnkanjnsj kurlntj ods l-ds = ! W= Jstrjnlkl jn ]jand Fnakd l

pr angapads kj sjptaj#rj (! jn Jstlkds Fnakds, jo ?= kj ndaj#rj), ol pjo*guol !l el od&rlkd supjrlrlrads rágdrks jn ]jand Fnakd, tlojs gd#d gdnjrtarsj jn ol pjo*guol plrl #l!drjs kj 63 l-ds #9s

tl%uaoojrl kj tdkds ods taj#pds

Lgtulo#jntj, Elrk! sj elool dguplkd prdkugajnkd ! prdtl&dna/lnkd ol nujl sjraj kj dged

jpasdkads [lmdd, sdrj un odnkanjnsj kjo sa&od 5A5 %uj ougel pdr gdnstruar un a#pjrad kj trlnspdrtj

#lr*ta#d lo #as#d taj#pd %uj tl#aán antjntl jn&lr ol #ujrtj kj su plkrj Eastdral kjslrrdoolkl pdr jo

prdpad lgtdr 'untd l su plkrj, Geaps Elrk!, ástj sjr9 jo pra#jr prd!jgtd dra&anlo kj su prdkugtdrl Elrk!

1dn T >l7jr Jsgratl pdr 1tjjn @na&et (I8jl7! >oankjrs), ol j#asa$n kj ol sjraj jst9 prjastl plrl

?=6W jn ]jand Fnakd, jn ol >>G, ! jn Jstlkds Fnakds, jn 25

KDHENLOO @OJJWDN (Glpat9n Ejnr!) el "anloa/lkd rjgajntj#jntj jo rdkl'j kj ol pjo*guol kj

:: Lrl#s $tlr 0lrs E: Jo kjspjrtlr kj ol !ujrl ]jgajntj#jntj tl#aán, el lplrjgakd jn ol drl kj

tjltrd kj Jnkl 4lose [ej 0lo1drte 6lrgj, kara&akl pdr 1j9n 2doj!, jn ol %uj el lgtulkd 'untd l su plkrj,

>rjnkln +ojjsdn, ! su ejr#lnd, >raln +ojjsdn

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29/49

Dtrls prdkuggadnjs rjgajntjs kj +ojjsdn sdn; ol pjo*guol kj gajngal"agga$n kj Loj +lrolnk J&

;lgeanlA ol lklptlga$n ganj#ltd&r9"agl kj ol ndjol kj Gdo# [$a*n Mrdd5o#n, jsgratl pdr Nag7 Edrn!

! kara&akl pdr :den GrdBoj!, ! ol lklptlga$n kj ods ejr#lnds Gdjn kj ols #j#drals kj Oduas Sl#pjrana

>nvjngamoj, gdn karjgga$n kj Ln&joanl :doaj

Gd#d lgtdr prdtl&dnastl, su lntjradr "ao#d&rl"*l angou!j; 6rln5, kara&akl pdr Ojnn! Lrlel#sdn !gdprdtl&dna/lkl pdr .ageljo 2lssjnkjr ! .l&&aj +!oojnelloM Fnl gujsta%n kj tajhpd, kara&akl pdr

]agelrk Gurtas ! 'untd l ]lgejo .gLkl#s ! >aoo Na&e!M ! $jnsltadn, kara&akl pdr [d# Eloo +ojjsdn

&ln$ sjnkds prj#ads A2[L pdr su antjrprjtlga$n kj >d +jokd"H jn 0ejn lrvj# ;jt Mdm ! kj OjanH

jn nnl @lrjnanl, kara&akl pdr :dj 4ra&et

Gd#d lgtdr sjgunklrad, su trll'd jn ganj ! tjojasa$n angou!j; 3lovlr#, kj :den .ageljo

.gKdnl&eM Molg5 ;arrdr , kj Gelroaj >rdd7jr, sjraj j#atakl jn Gelnnjo YM Nungl hj lmlnkdnjs, kj

.lr7 ]d#lnj7M ?lodr kj oj#, kj :djo ! Jteln GdjnM jo pjrsdnl'j kj >aoo 4jlsoj!H jn lrr# dttjr # ols

rjoaquals kj ol hujrtj (8lrtjs 6 ! ?), kjo karjgtdr Klak ltjs, ls* gd#d jo gdrtd#jtrl'j kj .lrtan.gKdnl&e, &lnlkdr kjo 8rj#ad kj ol Lglkj#al, $a& $eddtjr [l#aán el lplrjgakd jn *rjkk, kara&akl

pdr 8jtj [rlasM `jntj kdmoj, kara&akl pdr :l#js .lrseM /l rjgdhpjnsl, kara&akl pdr Aln 2at/&adnM ol

pjo*guol kj E>D *d` Gjlr, kdnkj lgtu$ 'untd l :j"" >rak&jsM $tuks, kara&akl pdr 8luo .jrgajrM Md# Jlts

+aro , kara&akl pdr 1tjpejn >rlkoj!A ! jo sed1 g$#agd Gdur Mlk $jo!, kara&akd pdr :den >utojr, plrl jo %uj

gdjsgraa$ s5jtgejs gdn .ageljo .dodnj!

Jo trll'd kj +ojjsdn sdrj ods jsgjnlrads angou!j; Nd1 dr /ltjr rjprjsjntlkl jn jo ]d!lo

GdurtM hjragln Mu!!lod ! +rlnkjs jspjrln/ls, rjprjsjntlkl jn jo +ltj [ejltrjM ol prdkugga$n kj ol

gd#pl-*l Kruak kj [ej 0joo d! tej $lantsA ;lgmjte, kara&akl pdr 1joanl Glrt#joo, ! 3eahps, kara&akl pdr4aosdn .aol# plrl jo Oajrpddo 8ol!edusj +ojjsdn "uj nd#anlkd l un prj#ad [dn! pdr ol prdkugga$n

kj >rdlkBl! kj ol drl jsgratl pdr .lrtan .gKdnl&e [ej /ajutjnlnt d! >nasehdrj 2uj glnkakltd l un

prj#ad Ougaooj Odrtjo ! l un prj#ad Krl#l Ojl&uj l ol Jgjojngal jn ol Antjrprjtlga$n pdr jsj #as#d

plpjo [l#aán "uj nd#anlkd lo prj#ad kj tjltrd Arase [a#js pdr su trll'd jn hjragln Mu!!lod

+ojjsdn el jsgratd ! kara&akd ods gdrtd#jtrl'js Ndrjjn (prdtl&dna/lkd pdr >rjnkln ! >raln

+ojjsdn) ! 0elt 0aoo $urvavj d! Fs (prdtl&dna/lkd pdr >raln +ojjsdn) [l#aán "uj jo grjlkdr kj

>hhltCrat# !dr 3elrat#, gdn'untd kj s5jtgejs g$#agds rdklkds gdn "l#aoal ! l#a&ds jn jnj"agad kjo

Edspagad kj 1lant 2rlngas (sdn #u! surrjloastls ! jst9n jn du[uj)

Jo lgtdr rat9nagd )AOO YDZO[J] (:a# >rak&jr) sj kad l gdndgjr jn ?=6Y lo dtjnjr jo

prjsta&adsd prj#ad JJ >L2[L lo #j'dr lgtdr rjjolga$n, od %uj oj pdsagadn$ gd#d und kj ods #9s

antjrjslntjs lgtdrjs '$jnjs kjo pl*s [l#aán jo l-d plslkd, rjgaa$ jo prj#ad .[R l ol #j'dr lgtulga$n

=1


30/49

rjjolga$n pdr su plpjo jn $dhds ods ;aoojr , lkj#9s kjo prj#ad lo #j'dr jsdH pdr su eaolrlntj !

#j#drloj jsgjnl jn jstj "ao#j

8duotjr el lplrjgakd rjgajntj#jntj jn ol pjo*guol kj [Bjntajte Gjntur! 2d Jo gdrrjkdr kjo

olmjrantd, lklptlga$n kj ol pdpuolr ndjol ed#$na#l jsgratl pdr :l#js Klsenjr gdn karjgga$n kj 4js

>loo Dtrd kj sus prd!jgtds #9s rjgajntjs js tl#aán jo rjoltd anaga9tagd @aks an /dvj, pjo*guol rdklkl jnOdnkrjs ! lorjkjkdrjs, gdprdtl&dna/lkl pdr 1jlstaln Kj 1du/l, +lol +drkdn ! Glrl Kjojan&nj Jn

+olssolnk , ol sj&unkl pjo*guol kjo karjgtdr arolnkás +jrlrk >lrrjtt, 8duotjr antjrprjtl l 1elnjH

8rdtl&dna/lkl pdr ol lgtra/ nd#anlkl lo 8rj#ad kj ol Lglkj#al [dna Gdoojttj ! :lg7 ]j!ndr, ol pjo*guol

lgll kj rjgaar, jstj #as#d l-d, jo prj#ad +loBl! 2ao# 2ojlke l ol #j'dr pjo*guol arolnkjsl

Lsa#as#d, 8duotjr el trll'lkd rjgajntj#jntj jn ol tl%uaoojrl gd#jkal kj 4lrnjr >rds $dhds ods

;aoojr, kdnkj antjrprjt$ l @jnn!H ! lgtu$ 'untd l :jnna"jr Lnnastdn, :lsdn 1ukja7as ! J##l ]djrts

8duotjr kjut$ jn jo ganj jn ?==3, gdn ol jatdsl ! ndst9o&agl gd#jkal kj +lrte :jnnan&s Jo ead kj

]lhmd1, pdr ol %uj "uj nd#anlkd lo prj#ad kjo Ganj Ankjpjnkajntj >rat9nagd (>A2L) jn ol gltj&dr*l kjlgtdr ndjo #9s prd#jtjkdr

Jn ?=66, lgtu$ jn 0aok Maoo , pjo*guol kara&akl pdr Kjtjr 2ojtgejr nd#anlkl lo prj#ad >L2[L l ol

#j'dr karjgga$n ndjo. Ol pjo*guol "uj tjsta&d kj ol trlnsaga$n %uj 8duotjr jpjra#jnt$ kj lgtdr an"lntao l

lgtdr lkuotd, ! pdr su jatdsl lgtulga$n "uj nd#anlkd lo prj#ad GratagsH Gargoj jn ol gltj&dr*l kj #j'dr

'djn lgtdr rat9nagd kjo l-d

Dtrd t*tuod kj su "ao#d&rl"*l js ol tl%uaoojrl lklptlga$n kj /ls gr%nagls kj Nlrnal: /l trlvjsl kjo

valjrd kjo loml, kdnkj antjrprjt$ l Justlgj Golrjngj 1gruH ! lgtu$ 'untd l [aokl 1Bantdn, Oal#

Njjsdn ! 1a#dn 8j&& 1u antjrprjtlga$n kj und kj ods pjrsdnl'js #9s gdndgakds kj ol oatjrlturl an"lntaooj loa$ lrals nd#anlgadnjs ! jgjojntjs gr*tagls %uj jod&alln su jgjojntj lgtulga$n ! oj rjjolln

gd#d un nd#rj l tjnjr jn gujntl

Lsa#as#d, 8duotjr antjrprjt$ ! kjslrrdoo$ unl sjraj kj pjrsdnl'js slt*ragds jn jo prd&rl#l kj

s5jtgejs g$#agds kj GYJY $geddo 9! 3dhjk#, un sed1 tjojasad kara&akd l lkuotds ! j'jgutlkd pdr un

jojngd rjpojtd kj tlojntdsds ! '$jnjs lgtdrjs g$#agds kj ]jand Fnakd Jo prd&rl#l "uj oojlkd lo

2jstalo 2ran&j kj Jka#ur&d ! jn ?==_ "uj lklptlkd jn unl sjraj kj tjojasa$n kj sjas jpasdkads,

j#ataánkdsj jn JY kurlntj kds tj#pdrlkls, elstl ?=6=

BD]]JW[ @DDKOZGC (ElB7); .aj#rd kj ols traus Kaná, .lnkln, Eakltsl ! [sa#sealn,

2drrjst +ddkoug7 kjutl jn jo ganj gdn ol pjo*guol Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt)

Lplrtj kj lgtulr, +ddkoug7 js un &lolrkdnlkd 'djn karjgtdr J#pj/$ l kara&ar tjltrd l ods 6= l-ds,

! l ods 6Y !l sj el*l gdnjrtakd jn un prj#alkd karjgtdr kj ganj 1us gdrtd#jtrl'js, $un @an5 (?=6


31/49


32/49

FDWEZL MZ]@J (1tu! >aoo) el lgtulkd #9s rjgajntj#jntj jn Mulrk, tjrgjrl pjo*guol

ankjpjnkajntj kj ol traod&*l grjlkl pdr :djo 8dtr!7us >ur&j tl#aán tud un plpjo prdtl&dnastl jn ods

kds pra#jrds "ao#js kj ol traod&*l, pj ! jo gdrtd#jtrl'j 3d#dtj .ajntrls jstukall ganj jn su .agea&ln

nltlo, >ur&j sj kj'$ lrrlstrlr pdr su plsa$n #usaglo Kurlntj ol káglkl sa&uajntj, sj kjkag$ l sjr glntlntj

! gd#pdsatdr, oakjrlnkd ol lnkl Gelngj :dnjs >ur&j gdnsa&ua$ jo plpjo jn Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) trls un antjr#anloj ! jelustad prdgjsd kj glstan` Jst9 juotlntj pdr eljr rj&rjslkd lo ganj ! kjutlr

jn unl prdkugga$n tln #dnu#jntlo gd#d ástl

OZCLW ELLW (:dnjs) nlga$ jn 4jst Edoo!Bddk, Gloa"drnal, ! "uj kjsguajrtd l ods gangd l-ds kj

jklk, #ajntrls jstll jn jo plruolrad, pdr ol karjgtdrl kj glstan& .lr&jr! 1a#7an Lun%uj su pra#jr

plpjo jn jo ganj "uj jn ol pjo*guol kj 6_3< sdrj jo edodglustd nugojlr [jstlhjnt (6_3jg7jtt

Jspjrlnkd l +dkdt, rjprjsjntlkl jn jo Oangdon Gjntjr kj ol gauklk kj Nujl dr7 gdn karjgga$n kj

.a7j Nagedos 8dstjradr#jntj, trll'$ gdn ods karjgtdrjs 4ddk! Loojn, jn ol pjo*guol [dkds kagjn > /dvj

Gdu (6__W)M [a# >urtdn, jn ;lrs ttlg5s (6__W), ! Loln ]ukdope, jn Jo kjsl#und kj ods glhpjdnjs

(6___) Ells tud un a#pdrtlntj plpjo jn Mrag5 (?==), kjut jn ol karjgga$n kj ]aln :densdn,

prdtl&dna/lkl pdr :dsjpe +drkdnOjatt L gdntanulga$n, lplrjga$ jn ol pjo*guol ansparlkl jn @urt

Gdlan /lst *l#s (?==), kara&akl pdr +us Rln 1lnt, %uj sj jstrjn$ jn jo 2jstalo kj Ganj kj Glnnjs

[l#aán lgtu$ pdstjradr#jntj jn; ;ltjralo +aros (?==W), ol plrdkal kj pjo*guol kj tjrrdr Jorjpumoaglnd (?==W), 0ed /dvjs tej $un (?==W), +lrkjnjr d! Jkjn (?==), jrsj`uakl (?==3) ! *jlte an

/dvj (?==3)

Ells antjrprjt$ un plpjo sjgunklrad jn ol pjo*guol kj Gerastdpejr Ndoln 9ra`jn (?=6=),

prdtl&dna/lkl pdr Ojdnlrkd KaGlprad, Joojn 8l&j, :dsjpe +drkdnOjatt, .ageljo Glanj ! .lradn

Gdtaoolrk Kjspuás oj puka#ds jr jn 3lpjrugatl ]dl (?=66), kara&akl pdr Gltejranj ElrkBag7j, !

7=

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title/tt0403217?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/title/tt0433412?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www/http://www/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0471930?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/title/tt0403057?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/title/tt1079980?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/title/tt1079980?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.i/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000138?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/name/nm0330687?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000323?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/title/tt1486185?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/name/nm0362566?ref_=nmbio_mbiohttp://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086429?ref_=nmbio_mbio


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3dntrlmlnk (?=6?), kjo karjgtdr >lotlslr @dr#97ur ]jgajntj#jntj, el lgtulkd jn ods "ao#js 3rl#

J#js (?=6?), l1n $edp 3erdnagojs (?=6


34/49

trlás kj ol jkuglga$n, "dr#9nkdsj jn Jstukads Ank*&jnls jn ol Glpaolnd Fnajrsat!, ! jn ol lgtuloaklk

gd#plrtj su gdndga#ajntd ! "dr#lga$n gdn dtrds #aj#rds kj ol gd#unaklk

EdBlrk tud %uj jn"rjntlrsj l &rlnkjs rjtds kjskj unl jklk #u! tj#prlnl Lo a&ulo %uj plrl

#ugeds dtrds, oj "uj ka"*gao euar kj ols krd&ls ! jo logdedo, ! pls$ pdr ápdgls #u! gd#poaglkls lntjs kj

#dka"aglr su jstaod kj akl Jn jo jrlnd kj 6_3W, EdBlrk kjgaka$ gl#alr ! lgukar l trltl#ajntd plrljn#jnklr su akl, tlntd pdr sus ea'ds gd#d pdr s* #as#d

Jn 6_3, EdBlrk rj&rjs$ l ods jstukads ! kjspuás rjloa/$ un gursd sdrj tjrlpal gdntrl jo lusd kj

krd&ls ! logdedo L gdntanulga$n, j#pj/$ l trll'lr gdn '$jnjs ! sus "l#aoals Gd#jn/$ l al'lr pdr

tdkd Glnlk9 rjloa/lnkd tloojrjs jn gdod%uads ! rjunadnjs %uj l!uklln l gdngajngalr l ols gd#unaklkjs

sdrj jo pjoa&rd kjo usd kj krd&ls ! logdedo 8dstjradr#jntj, EdBlrk gd#prjnka$ %uj njgjsatll elgjr un

gl#ad jn su akl plrl sj&uar lln/lnkd ! kjgaka$ gl#alr kj prd"jsa$n, kjsgurajnkd lo&d %uj oj

lplsadnll elgjr

Jn ods l-ds ndjntl, EdBlrk j#pj/$ l trll'lr jn ol ankustral ganj#ltd&r9"agl gd#d "a&urlntj]jloa/$ jstl oldr kurlntj unds pdgds l-ds l taj#pd plrgalo, !, l #jkakl %uj plslrdn ods l-ds, sj

ljntur$ jn trll'ds kj "a&urlga$n #9s guloa"aglkds 8lrtagap$ gd#d jspjgaloastl jn /l ojtrl jsglroltl ! l

gdntanulga$n lgtu$ jn lo&unls sjrajs rdklkls jn Rlngdujr, gd#d *l ?anga2s >nqujst , $dmrjnlturlo ,

jlgj ;l5jr , +ddk Na`et 6dr 8ustagj, Molkj, [ej 3doojgtdr , 8denn# [dd [loo , rgtag ar , ol #anasjraj

>ntd [ej 0jst , kara&akl pdr 1tjjn 1pajojr&, ls* gd#d ols pjo*guols Jo jquapd , lte!ankjr ! Jntajrrl ha

gdrl%n jn 0dunkjk @njj

Lgtulo#jntj, EdBlrk sj kjkagl l drajntlr l jstukalntjs jn ol Glpaolnd Fnajrsat!, gd#plrtajnkd

sus jpjrajngals jn jo 9#atd kj ol ankustral kjo jspjgt9guod 8r$a#l#jntj oj jrj#ds jn ol pjo*guolankjpjnkajntj [ej $un lt ;akna`et , rdklkl jn jo tjrratdrad kj u7$n EdBlrk el lgtulkd tl#aán jn

tjltrd ! jspjgt9guods kj a#prdaslga$n Ols lrtjs gdntan0ln nutrajnkd su lutdjsta#l ! "j jn s* #as#d, lo

#as#d taj#pd %uj gdntrau!jn l su áatd gd#d jspjgaloastl ! gdnsu#lkd lgtdr

L][EZ] ]JKGODZK (Ea7ug) js un &jnuand nll'd nlgakd jn GrdBn 8dant, Nujd .áagd, !

%uj lgtulo#jntj aj jn jo 9rjl kj Klools2drte 4drte, kdnkj trll'l jn jo Kjplrtl#jntd kjo 1ejra"" kjo

Gdnklkd kj Klools ! gdnkugj gl#adnjs l taj#pd plrgalo J#pj/$ su glrrjrl lgtdrlo trll'lnkd gd#d

"a&urlntj jn pjo*guols kj Djstj ! rjgrjlnkd ápdgls plslkls, ! el lplrjgakd jn lrads "ao#jsankjpjnkajntjs 2uj joj&akd plrl antjrprjtlr l Ea7ug jn Jo ]jnlgakd ([ej ]jvjnlnt) un plpjo lo %uj sj

sajntj prd"unkl#jntj gdnjgtlkd pdr sjr najtd kj un gurlnkjrd trls plslr pdr un antjnsd prdgjsd kj

sjojgga$n Js su pra#jr plpjo a#pdrtlntj jn jo ganj

]jkgoduk tl#aán js kjskj elgj t

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