EISI Deschutes River Module - Summer 2009 Steve Taylor, Earth and Physical Sciences, Western Oregon...
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Transcript of EISI Deschutes River Module - Summer 2009 Steve Taylor, Earth and Physical Sciences, Western Oregon...
EISI Deschutes River Module - Summer 2009Steve Taylor, Earth and Physical Sciences, Western Oregon University
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• To engage team building in the context of outdoor adventure and experiential education
• To acquire knowledge of the regional geologic, hydrologic, and geomorphic setting of western Oregon
• To apply spatial and temporal scaling concepts to watershed systems
• To develop skills in field-based observation, data collection, analysis, and hypothesis testing
• To gain experience with techniques of landscape analysis and interpretation of the geologic record
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Ad = 26,860 sq. km• N-S length ~ 300 km• 3 hydroelectric dams• John Day Basin to east• Cascades to west• Geology
John Day and Clarno Forma- tions (55-20 m.y. old) Columbia River Basalts (17-14 m.y.) Deschutes Fm volcanics (10-2 m.y.) Pleistocene and Holocene surficial deposits (< 1 m.y.)
•Avg. rainfall < 1000 mm•Semi-Arid•Avg. Runoff = 0.19 m• Q range: 124-213 cms
ToHJA
Cas
cad
e R
ang
e
Ochoco Mtns
Location of dams
EISI Float
“Wet” “Dry”Deschutes
Wes
tern
Cas
cade
s
Hig
h C
asca
des
Pacific Northwest Climate and Tectonics:Linked System Drivers
Westerly cyclonic storm systems
HJA
• Pre-trip reading questions• Active learning assignments• Post-trip reflection paper• Smiles, laughter, fun, friends, adventurous stories to tell
Participant Deliverables And Assessment
• Regional physiography of Cascades and central Oregon• Geology, geomorphology and hydrology of Deschutes Basin• Introduction to geologic observation and landscape analysis• Fundamental principles of hydrology and geomorphology• Fundamentals of fisheries, riparian habitat, watershed assessment, and river restoration
Field Trip Content
• Travel HJA to Trout Creek, Sunday, June 21, PM
• 3 nights camping; 2.5 days rafting, ~55 river miles
• Field support: river guides, paddle boats, bag boats
• Food: 3-a-day provided except for Trout Ck. Camp
• Camp kitchen and staff cooks provided
• Extra group coolers, snacks, specialty items = CYA
• Personal gear stowed in dry bags / on bag boats
• Tent teams encouraged
• Dry and sunny, rain possible, cold water, WIND
• Prepare for sunburn, dehydration, prickly vegetation
• Other stuff: water shoes / river sandals, sleeping bag, sleeping pad, tent, flashlight, closed shoes for hiking, swimming / fly fishing, towel, soap/shampoo, river baths
LOGISTICS
Energy Sources in theFluvial System
Gravitational Solar (Climate) Geothermal (Tectonics)
Work of theFluvial System
Transfer of Energy Transfer of Mass
WaterSedimentRafting People
INTRODUCTION TO WATERSHEDS AND RIVERS
(Tectonics)
The physical work of rivers:transport sediment and water
Ecological services and riparian habitat
“Hey Taylor – note to self…now’s the time to show the video clip illustrating hillslope-valley bottom process-response mechanisms and the interaction between variables, including human impacts from geomorphic change…”
And now a message from our sponsor:
kayakingsucks.com
…increasing the scale of this example…
Columbia River Gorge: Bridge ofthe Gods Landslide Complex
-Blocked river ca. 300 yrs ago-Legacy effects on landscape
Landscape Analysis: Landform, Material, Process, Age
The record of past processes and tapestry of time…
Material: IgneousBedrock (Age = 100 m.y.)
Material: UnconsolidatedSandy Gravel (Age = last winter)
Process: ColluvialTransportProcess: Alluvial
Transport
Process:Anthropogenic
Material: Angular Cobbles(Age = 10,000 yr)
Material: Gravel(Age = 2000 yr)
Material: SedimentaryBedrock (Age = 20 m.y.)
Fault
Valley-BottomRegime
HillslopeRegime
Age of landscape features and rates of processes: the most elusive facets of study.
Age of Deposits (Terrace Deposits)
How long since these gravels werelast transported by channel processes?
Geologically Relevant Time Scales: 10-5 to 109 Years(minutes-hours-days-years-thousands-hundreds of thousands-millions-billions of years)
Age of Landforms (Surfaces)
Engineering Time Scales? 100 to 102 yrs (then build another one…)
River Terrace
Creek
Creek
Creek
Mack
McRae
Lookout
0 1 km991
684
1347
1312
10981609
1568
1630
549
427
W S-9
W S-10
W S-1
W S-2W S-3
W S-6
W S-7
W S-8 1230
O R EG O N
Linn County
Lane County
LookoutMountain
CarpenterMountain
FrisselPoint
Lookout
Ridge
Blue
RiverRidge
Stream flow gaging stations
Spot e levations m eters AM SL
Experim ental watershed (W S)
Synergistic extension to Eco-Informatics work at HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, “the home of long-term watershed research in the Pacific Northwest”?… 2009 EISI campers, academic enlightenment
is knocking at your door, seize the moment!