Egyptian Gods & Goddess
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Transcript of Egyptian Gods & Goddess
Egyptian Gods & Goddess
Ra / Re / Amen-Ra
King of the Gods Sun god Falcon head with a sun on top. Sometimes seen as the creator of men
(Egyptians called themselves "the cattle of Ra”) Since heaven and the underworld have water,
Ra uses a boat (Madjet (“strong”) while rising and Semektet ("becoming weak") when setting. He often has help from other gods to successfully navigate his boat.
He constantly had to fight monsters (Sebau, Nak, and Apep)
The phoenix is one of his symbols
Osiris God of the earth and vegetation Symbolized the yearly drought and
flooding of the Nile. Gave Egypt civilization. Married his sister, Isis Osiris rules Egypt and he leaves Isis in
charge when he is gone Set and 72 conspirators kill him by
chopping him up into pieces Isis found almost all the pieces and put
him back together (making the missing part out of clay)
King of the afterlife Usually shown as a bearded,
mummified human with green skin and wearing the atef crown. His hands come out from the mummy wrappings and hold the flail and crook.
Horus Falcon headed The Pharaoh was supposed to be his
earthly embodiment. Son of Osiris (after his resurrection) Set is always trying to hurt him In art, he is often shown standing on
crocodiles His sons are born from Isis. Each take
care of the organs during the mummification process Duamutef (stomach) Imsety (liver) Hapi (lungs) Qebehsenuef (intestines)
Nephthys
Wife of Seth Seduced her brother Osiris
(possibly getting him drunk or by looking like Isis) to get pregnant with Anubis
Isis
Isis was the sister/wife of Osiris Shown as a a woman wearing a
vulture head-dress and the solar disk between a pair of horns
May be one of the judges of the dead
Has great magical powers Created the cobra and uses the
cobra bite to make Ra reveal to her his secret name
The purest example of the loving wife and mother
Set
God of evil, the desert, storms, and chaos
A devil figure Antelopes are sacred to him Hates Osiris (jealous) Kills Osiris and becomes king
before he is killed by Horus Part pig and part donkey
Hathor
Usually depicted as a cow or as a beautiful woman wearing a horned headdress
She is both wife/ daughter of Ra Also married Horus She offers food and drink to the
dead Women aspire to be her
Anubis
Son of Nephthys and either Set or Ra – adopted servant of Isis
Head of a jackal Guides the dead to the
underworld and weighs their heart (bad deeds make your heart weigh more)
Works with Osiris in the underworld
Mummification god
Ammut
“Eater of the Dead” She stands by the scales of the hearts
and eats the hearts of the wicked (a final death)
Head of a crocodile, body of a leopard, hind legs of a hippo (apparently wicked hearts are fattening – who knew?)
Aten
The actual disk of the sun
His hands are the sun’s rays
May be the creator of men
Nut
The Sky brother Geb (the earth) Father Shu – (air)
Thoth
Moon god Head of an ibis Scribe (records the weight of the hearts
in the underworld) Invented writing From the Book of the Dead:
“Hear the word of the very truth. I have judged the heart of the deceased, and his soul stands witness for him. His deeds are righteous in the great balance and no sin has been found in him.”
Bast
Cat-headed Goddess of love and childbirth Cats are sacred (many cats
were mummified in her honor
Bes
Popular, household god Dwarf Frightens evil spirits away Hangs out with Taweret, a
goddess of childbirth (she is scary looking)
Roman soldiers wore amulets with his likeness for protection
Hapy
God of the Nile floods Keeps the land and river fertile He has long hair and a
protruding stomach and also a beard and is blue
In some areas, he was worshipped over Ra
Neith
A mother goddess Invented childbirth Created gods, humans, and
animals Warrior goddess Once she spit into the Nile and
this spit turned into Apep, a serpent who lives in the underworld and tries to eat Ra each night
Sekhmet
Lion headed Wife of Ptah (an early
creator god) Breathes fire against
her enemies Delivers punishment to
the gods