Egyptian and Nubian Empires
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Transcript of Egyptian and Nubian Empires
Egyptian and Nubian Empires
Chapter 4.1
Nomadic Invaders Rule Egypt
Hyksos, nomads from Asia, ruled from 1640 – 1570 BC
Israelites migrate to EgyptBecame enslaved when Hyksos were driven out
New Kingdom
Hatshepsut encouraged trade, rather than war
Empire became prosperous
Ceremonial ointments, gold, ivory, plants & animals
Thutmose III, Hatshepsut’s stepson
More warlike, expanded territory into Nubia, Syria
Hittites
Egyptians in Syria came into contact with Hittites, a group in Asia Minor
After several conflicts, Pharaoh Ramses II made a peace treaty with Hittite king
New Kingdom BuildersTo protect pharaohs in the afterlife, N.K. saw tombs move underground, in the “Valley of the Kings”Magnificent temples, palacesRamses II considered greatest builder
Empire Declines
Invasions by land and sea, caused great destruction
The empire broke apart into several small kingdoms
Eventually Libyans crossed the desert and established their own pharaohs in Egypt
Kushites
Egypt dominated Nubia and Nubian kingdom of Kush during N.K.
After the decline of the Egyptian empire, Kush emerged as a regional power
Piankhi, a Kushite prince, overthrew Libyan dynasty
Nubian kingdom of Kush
Nile River cataracts
Kush rule short-lived
Assyrians conquer Egypt, kick out Kushites
Kush move south to MeroeUsed nearby resources to become a center for trade between Africa and Asia
Review
When did the Israelites become enslaved by the Egyptians?
When the Hyksos were kicked out
Where did the New Kingdom pharaohs build their tombs?
Valley of the Kings
What is Nubia?Region of Africa around Upper Nile River
Review
Who invaded Egypt?Libyans
Kushites
What happened to Nubia after their rule of Egypt ended?
Became a center for trade between Africa and Asia