EGDT and EGDT and InflammationInflammation Management of ... Sa Borges... · EGDT and EGDT and...

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EGDT and EGDT and Inflammation Inflammation Management of Management of Sepsis Sepsis Dr. MárcioBorges Sá Coordinator of MultidisciplinarySepsis Unit Intensive Care Medicine. Hospital Son Llàtzer. Palma de Mallorca. Spain. UPDATE UPDATE-SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valencia, 23/03/2007 SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valencia, 23/03/2007 .

Transcript of EGDT and EGDT and InflammationInflammation Management of ... Sa Borges... · EGDT and EGDT and...

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EGDT and EGDT and InflammationInflammation

Management of Management of SepsisSepsis

Dr. Márcio Borges SáCoordinator of Multidisciplinary Sepsis UnitIntensive Care Medicine.Hospital Son Llàtzer. Palma de Mallorca. Spain.

UPDATEUPDATE--SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valenci a, 23/03/2007SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valencia, 23/03 /2007 ..

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Is it important EGDT?

-- Management change

- Higher incidence- Higher incidence

- Higher mortality

PIMIS PROYECT

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SEPSISSEPSIS

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COMPLICADA FISIOPATOLOGÍA: INTERACCIÓN COMPLEJAP

OLI

MO

RF

ISM

O G

EN

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ICO

VAR

IAB

ILIDA

D IN

TR

A e IN

TE

RP

ER

SO

NA

L

ENDOTELIO ES LA BASE FUNDAMENTALENDOTELIO ES LA BASE FUNDAMENTAL

PO

LIM

OR

FIS

MO

GE

TIC

OVA

RIA

BILID

AD

INT

RA

e INT

ER

PE

RS

ON

AL

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SEPSIS: NUEVOS y “ANTIGUOS CONCEPTOS”

• CASCADA INFLAMATORIA

• SEPSIS y SISTEMA INMUNE

• MEC. INMUNOSUPRESIÓN

1. Citoquinas: PRO/ANTI-Inflam.

2. Anergia

3. Apoptosis3. Apoptosis

4. Muerte de células sistema inmune

• SEPSIS Y COAGULACIÓN

• SEPSIS Y ENDOTELIO

• FACTORES GENÉTICOS

• HIBERNACIÓN CELULAR

• MUERTE y SEPSIS

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CASCADA INFLAMATORIA

TNFIL-1IL-8IL-6 Y IL-10Radicales O2PAFProteasasProstaglandinas

TNF

IL-1

ProstaglandinasLeucotrienosBradiquininas

MICROTROMBOSIS

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MECANISMOS INMUNOSUPRESIÓN

* CD4 activadas secretan Citoquinas

- Inflamatorias (Th1): TNFα; Intef.γ;

- Anti-Inflam. (Th2): IL-4; IL-10

* Anergia: no respuesta a un Ag.

Cels. T. Incapaz proliferar o secretar Cels. T. Incapaz proliferar o secretar citoquinas frente Antígenos

• Apoptosis: muerte genetic. prog.

1. Cel Necrotica: ↑ Th1

2. Cel. Apoptotica: ↑ Th2 y Anergia

• Muerte Células Inmunes

Th2 Th1

CD4

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Lesión VascularActiva V y VIIIActiva XIFibronógeno: fibrinaFactor XIII: coáguloActiva Plaquetas“ Cels. EndotelialesAdhesión leucos/endot.↑Permeab. Vascular↑ citoquinas/proteasas

SEPSIS y COAGULACIÓN: TROMBINA

↑ citoquinas/proteasas↑Unión trombomodulina↑ APC y TAFI

1. Procoagulante2. Proinflamatoria3. Antifibrinolítica

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SEPSIS Y ENDOTELIO

heterogeneidad

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HOMEOSTASIS Y SEPSIS

↓ Fibrinolisis

• mediadores proinflamatorios

• lesión endotelial

• expresión factor tisular

• producción trombina

↑Coagulación↑Inflamación

• ↑↑↑↑ PAI-1• ↑↑↑↑ TAFI• ↓↓↓↓ Proteína C

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FACTORES GENÉTICOS

• Determinantes susceptib.

• Polimorfismos identificados:

- Recept. TNF, IL-1, Fcγ y TLRs.

• Polimorfismo y Citoquinas:Polimorfismo y Citoquinas:

- Determinar Inflam/Anti-Inflamat.

- Hiper/Hipo respuesta a Infección

• Riesgo Muerte y Polimorfismo:

- TNF-α y TNF-β en SEPSIS

• Trat. Inmuno-Modulador!!

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MUERTE y SEPSIS

• Autopsias en SEPSIS¿?¿?

• Shock refractario¿?

• Depresión miocárdica!¿?

• Arritmias!¿?

• SDRA: Hipoxemia Refract.

SEPSIS

• SDRA: Hipoxemia Refract.

• F. Renal Agudo: poco!!!!

• FMO (es vago!!!!)

• Disociación en necropsias!

• Porque Mueren!!!

enfermo

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SEPSIS“RESPOSTA INFLAMATORIA DESCONTROLADA”

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SEPSISSEPSIS

Vincent et al, Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2006.

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MOF and MORTALITY: SOAP STUDYMOF and MORTALITY: SOAP STUDY

Vincent et al. SOAP study. CCM. 2006

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EPIDEMIOLOGÍA SEPSIS EN USAEPIDEMIOLOGÍA SEPSIS EN USAAngus et al; Crit Care Med; 2001Angus et al; Crit Care Med; 2001

45,8

30

35

40

45

50%

Nº=192.980 pts

Incidencia de DMOIncidencia de DMO

24,4 22 20,6

9,31,3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

RESP CARDVASC RENAL HEMAT SNC HEPAT

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EPIDEMIOLOGÍA SEPSIS EN USAEPIDEMIOLOGÍA SEPSIS EN USAAngus et al; Crit Care MedAngus et al; Crit Care Med; 2001; 2001

40,1 38,2

54,3

40

50

60%

Nº=192.980 pts

Mortalidad de DMOMortalidad de DMO

40,1

32,438,2

22,8 24,4

0

10

20

30

RESP CARDVASC RENAL HEMAT SNC HEPAT

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Disfunción de órganos y mortalidad:Cambios evolutivos en las primeras 24 horas

Levy M. Early changes in organ function predict eventual survival in severe sepsis. Crit Care Med 2005; 33: 2194-2201.

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¡¿PODRÍA SER PEOR!?

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SEPSISSEPSIS

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ESTEROIDES Y SEPSISESTEROIDES Y SEPSIS

CORTICUS TRIAL Annane et al

Vasopresores 1 h (TAS)Vasopresores 1 h (TAS) TAS < 90 TAS < 90 mmHmmH > 1 h con Vs> 1 h con Vs

Quirúrgicos: 65%Quirúrgicos: 65% Médicos: 60%Médicos: 60%Quirúrgicos: 65%Quirúrgicos: 65% Médicos: 60%Médicos: 60%

Abdomen 36%, Pulmón 30%Abdomen 36%, Pulmón 30% Abdomen 16%, Pulmón 44%Abdomen 16%, Pulmón 44%

NoNo--resp: 45%resp: 45% No resp: 77%No resp: 77%

Mort. Cruda: 32,4%Mort. Cruda: 32,4% Mort. Cruda: 58%Mort. Cruda: 58%

Annane et al, JAMA, 2002.Sprung, NEJM.2008

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Estudios de Estudios de PCArPCAr Y SEPSISY SEPSIS

Mortalidad PCAr Placebo P

PROWESS 24,7 30,8 0,05

ENHANCE * 25,3 NO -ENHANCE * 25,3 NO -

ADDRESS 18,5 17 NS

*: Si inicio de PCA < 24 hs menor mortalidad: 22,9% vs 27,4%, p=0,01ENHANCE ↑↑↑↑ hemorragias graves que PROWESS (6,5% vs 3,5%).

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ICNARCICNARC: : DrotrecoginDrotrecogin alfaalfa (activated): (activated): RealReal--life use and outcomes for the UKlife use and outcomes for the UK11

• The aims of this audit were to monitor the real-life use of DrotAA and subsequent outcomes;to undertake a rigorous, nonrandomized evaluation of the effectiveness of DrotAA, by linkingthe data on DrotAA to the ongoing outcome audit for all admissions to adult, general criticalcare units; and to compare our results with those from the PROWESS study

197 unitsinvited to participate

1:Adapted from Rowan KM et al. Crit Care. 2008,12:R58

133 unitsagreed to participate

13 unitswithdrew

or were lapsed

8 unitswere excluded

112 unitsactively participated

Recorded 1292 infusions of DrotAA

1079 admitted with severe sepsis and ≥2 organ failing (receiving DrotAA)

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Primary results of matched cohort analysis on acute hospitalmortality compared with PROWESS on 28-days

ICNARC: ICNARC: DrotrecoginDrotrecogin alfaalfa (activated): (activated): RealReal--life use and outcomes for the UKlife use and outcomes for the UK 11

Individual Matching

Historic, same unit 287/609 332/609 0.008 7.4%

Contemporaneous, same unit 353/764 406/764 0.002 6.9%

Contemporaneous, non-DrotAA unit 285/666 362/666 <0.001 11.5%

DrotAA (n/N)

Control (n/N) p ARR

27

1: Adapted from Rowan KM et al. Crit Care. 2008,12:R58

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2Relative Risk

Favors DrotAA Favors control

Propensity Matching

Contemporaneous, non-DrotAA unit 285/666 362/666 <0.001 11.5%

Contemporaneous, DrotAA unit prior to first use 422/922 486/922 0.001 6.9%

Historic, same unit 436/929 494/929 0.003 6.3%

Contemporaneous, same unit 480/1049 516/1049 0.11 3.4%

Contemporaneous, non-DrotAA unit 364/818 476/818 <0.001 13.7%

Contemporaneous, DrotAA unit prior to first use 479/1053 561/1053 <0.001 7.8%

PROWESS 210/850 259/840 0.005 6.1%

ARR: Absolute Risk Reduction

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Subgroup results: acute hospital mortality for individual matching toc o n t r o l p o o l 4 . P o o l 4 i n c l u d e s p a t i e n t s f r o m acontemporaneous DrotAA unit but before the first use in that unit

ICNARC: ICNARC: DrotrecoginDrotrecogin alfaalfa (activated): (activated): RealReal--life use and outcomes for the UKlife use and outcomes for the UK 11

DrotAA (n/N)

Control (n/N) p

67/260 77/226<5399/209 122/22653-63110/213 106/21564-71146/240 181/25572+

422/922 486/922 0.001All patients0.30Age (years)

0.17Sex

28

1: Adapted from Rowan KM et al. Crit Care. 2008,12:R58

201/454 223/425Female221/468 263/497Male

0.17Sex

74/185 62/1852147/389 184/3893201/348 240/3484 or 5

0.024Organs failing (n)

107/331 97/305<20121/259 149/27020-24117/205 141/21025-2977/127 99/13730+

0.36APACHE II score

79/236 64/242<2581/206 112/22725-30102/210 129/20331-35160/270 181/25036+

0.031ICNARC physiology score

0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2

Relative RiskFavors DrotAA Favors control

0.50.4 1.4 1.6

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Estudios de GEstudios de G--CSF Y SEPSISCSF Y SEPSIS

Autor/Año

-Tipo

Diseño Nº pacientes Mortalidad Efectos2º#

Nelson/2000

-NAC

DC Filg=237

Plac=243

NS* NS

Wunderlink/2001

-NAC/Nosoc

DC Filg=12

Plac=6

Filg: 4/12

Plac: 6/6

NS

-NAC/Nosoc Plac=6 Plac: 6/6

Root/2003

-NAC/Nosoc

DC NS NS

Hartmann/2005

-Nosoc

DC Filg=12

Plac=16

NS** NS

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ATB Y SEPSIS: PRECOCIDADATB Y SEPSIS: PRECOCIDAD

Retraso desde inicio hipoTa Mortalidad

00--29 min29 min 17,3%17,3%

3030--59 min59 min 22,8%22,8%3030--59 min59 min 22,8%22,8%

11--2 hs2 hs 29,5%29,5%

6 hs6 hs 58%58%

99--12 hs12 hs 74,6%74,6%

Kumar et al, CCM, 2006;34.

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Clin Inf Dis. 2008..

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“La mayor oportunidad de mejorar el pronóstico de nuestros pacientes en los próximos 25 años

no va a venir del descubrimiento de nuevas terapias, sino del uso mas efectivo de

“Hacia donde va la práctica clínica en la sepsis“

terapias, sino del uso mas efectivo de las ya existentes“

Pronovost P.J. Lancet 2004;363:1061-67

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Ley de los BorgiasLey de los Borgias

“Dos venenos matan más que uno...”(César Borgia)

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TERAPIA INICIAL

TRATAMIENTO SOPORTE

Control foco

SEPSIS

TRATAMIENTOSSEPSIS: PCA-r, EsteroidesNUEVAS PERSPECTVAS

MULTIDISCIPLINAR

ATBATB

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Early goal-directed therapy ((resuscitationresuscitation byby objetives)objetives)

Rivers E. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:1368-77

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EARLY-GOAL DIRECT THERAPY

46,540

50

p=0,009

30,5

0

10

20

30

MortalityEGDT CT Rivers E, et al. NEJM. 2001

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SEPSIS INICIATIVES: EGDTSEPSIS INICIATIVES: EGDT

NºPREPts

(mort%)

POSTPts

(Mort%)p/OR/NNT

Trzeciak,USA, 06Trzeciak,USA, 06

URGURG3838

1616

(43,8)(43,8)

2222

(18,2)(18,2)

0,090,09; OR 0,4; OR 0,4

NNT=6NNT=6

Gaisky,USA, 06*Gaisky,USA, 06*

URGURG3838

2222

(55)(55)

1616

(25)(25)

0,10,1: 0R 0,27: 0R 0,27

NNT=3NNT=3

Micek, USA; 06Micek, USA; 06

URGURG120120

6060

(48,3)(48,3)

6060

(30)(30)

0,04; OR 0,460,04; OR 0,46

NNT=6NNT=6

Stentom, CAN,06*Stentom, CAN,06*

URGURG--UCIUCI9696

5151

(46,)(46,)

4545

(23,2)(23,2)

0,01; OR 0,340,01; OR 0,34

NNT=4NNT=4

GlobalGlobal 12981298671671

(44,8)(44,8)

627627

(24,5)(24,5)

RRR 45%;ARR 20,3%RRR 45%;ARR 20,3%

NNT=5NNT=5

Otero et al, Chest, 2006.

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SEPSIS SEPSIS

Prospective, 2 years, Emergence Dpt, 330 ptsProspective, 2 years, Emergence Dpt, 330 pts

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SEPSIS SEPSIS

Nguyen. CRIT CARE MED, 2007.

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MANEJO SEPSISMANEJO SEPSIS

Micek S et al, Crit Care Med. 2006, 34;2707Micek S et al, Crit Care Med. 2006, 34;2707--2713.2713.

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SEPSIS MANAGEMENTSEPSIS MANAGEMENT

Variables Before After p

LOS (LOS (daysdays))

MicekMicek CCM, 2006CCM, 2006 12,112,1±±9,29,2 8,98,9±±7,27,2 0,030,03

2828--day day MortalityMortality

Micek S et al, Crit Care Med. 2006.

* Shorr et al, Crit Care Med. 2007.

2828--day day MortalityMortality

MicekMicek, CCM, 2006, CCM, 200648,3%48,3% 30,0%30,0% 0,040,04

CostsCosts **

ShorrShorr, CCM, 2007, CCM, 2007$21,985$21,985 $16,103$16,103 0,0080,008

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MANEJO SEPSISMANEJO SEPSIS

Micek S et al, Crit Care Med. 2006.

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IMPACT OF BUNDLES IMPLEMENTATION IN THE FIRST 6 HOURS

4 BUNDLES

Gao et al, Crit Care; 2005; Micek, CCM, 2006; Shapiro, CCM, 2007.

SAVE 1 LIFE

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PLASMATIC LACTATE: PLASMATIC LACTATE:

Dellinger and SSC. Intensive Crit Care. 2008..

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SEPSIS MANAGEMENTSEPSIS MANAGEMENT

Dellinger and SSC. Intensive Crit Care. 2008..

The goals of initial resuscitation

Should be include Lactate in the first hours of res uscitation

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SurvivingSurviving SepsisSepsis CampaignCampaign: 2007: 2007

Variable Comentarios Grado

Resucitación Inicial (< 6hs)

Iniciar inmediatamente si hipoTA o Lactato > 4 mmolUsar parámetros HD (PVC, TAM, diuresis, SATvO2)

I-C

Diagnóstico Obtener cultivos antes de ATB, pero no retrasarlosObtener estudios de imagen

I-C

Antibioticoterapia Inicio intravenoso primera hora: sepsis grave y shock sépticoAmplio espectro y parámetros PK-PDReevaluar diariamente ATB

I-D/I-BI-BI-C

Dellinger et al, Crit Care Med. 2007.

Reevaluar diariamente ATBDuración general: 7-10 dias, pero excepciones Considerar tratamiento combinado P. aeruginosa

Considerar “ “ en neutropenicos

Trat ATB combinado no más de 3-5 días y luego desescalada

según ATBiograma

I-CI-D2-D2-D2-D

Esteroides Test ACTH no recomendado para diagnóstico de ISRR

Considerar hidrocortisona i.v. Si hipoTA refractaria a fluidos/Vs

2-B2-C

PCA recombinante Considerar pacientes graves (APACHE II ≥ 25; DMO ≥ 2) sin CISG y bajo riesgo (APACHE < 20 y DMO= 1) no administrarla

2-B/2-CI-A

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SEPSIS MANAGEMENTSEPSIS MANAGEMENT

FEW

Nguyen et al, Ann Emerg Med. 2006.

FEWMINUTES

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RECOMENDACIONES DEL MANEJO DIAGNOSTICO-TERAPEUTICO INICIAL YDIAGNOSTICO-TERAPEUTICO INICIAL Y

MULTIDISCIPLINARIO DE LA SEPSIS GRAVE EN EL AMBITO HOSPITALARIO

GTEI. SEMICYUC.07Leon C. Med Intensiva. 2007

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Detección precoz y estratificación de pacientes con sepsis

¿Tiene historia de infección aguda?

¿Tiene el paciente dos o más signos o síntomas de infección? SRIS

si

si

Sepsis

Obtención de lactato

¿Hay evidencia de disfunción orgánica o hipo perfusión tisular durante la infección?

si

Hipoperfusión tisular presente*

Hipoperfusión tisular no presente

Sepsis

Sepsis Grave

Shock Séptico

si

Avisar Equipo de Sepsis

* TAS ≤ 90 mm Hg, TAM ≤ 65 mm Hg ó Lactato ≥ 3 mmol/l

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SEPSIS SEPSIS

Ferrer R. JAMA. 2008;299(19):2294-2303

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BIOMARCADORESBIOMARCADORES

Biomarcadores seriados : 72 hs

RiversRivers E, E, CritCrit CareCare MedMed. 2007. 35.. 2007. 35.

Biomarcadores seriados : 72 hs

Relación biomarcadores :-Tipo estrategia terapéutica-Grado hipoxemia tisular:1. Lactato plasmático2. SvcO2-Disfunción Orgánica (DO)-Mortalidad

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BIOMARCADORESBIOMARCADORES

NS

Rivers E, Crit Care Med. 2007. 35.

NS

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BIOMARCADORESBIOMARCADORES

NIVELES PICO BIOMARCADORES: EGDT x CONTROLES

Rivers E, Crit Care Med. 2007. 35.

Pico BM: significativamente menores EGDT

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BIOMARCADORESBIOMARCADORES

NIVELES PICO BIOMARCADORES 72 hs: según grado hipox ia tisular

Rivers E, Crit Care Med. 2007. 35.

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BIOMARCADORESBIOMARCADORES

Biomarcador pIL-1ra <0,001

Media niveles BM eran significativamente mayores en no supervivientes que supervivientes intra-hospital ario

Rivers E, Crit Care Med. 2007. 35.

ICAM-1 =0,001

TNF-α =0,007

Casp-3 <0.01

IL-8 <0,001

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BIOMARCADORESBIOMARCADORES

Antagonista receptor IL-1 (IL-1ra)

Rivers E, Crit Care Med. 2007. 35.

p=0,026: 0-72 hs p<0,006: 12-72 hs

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BIOMARCADORESBIOMARCADORES

Rivers E, Crit Care Med. 2007. 35.

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SEPSIS MANEJO: MUSTSEPSIS MANEJO: MUST

Shapiro et al, CCM, 2006;34:2707Shapiro et al, CCM, 2006;34:2707--2713.2713.

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MultidisciplinaryMultidisciplinary SepsisSepsis UnitUnitSon Son Llàtzer`sLlàtzer`s experienceexperience

UPDATEUPDATE--SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valenci a, 23/03/2007SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valencia, 23/03 /2007 ..

Son Son Llàtzer`sLlàtzer`s experienceexperience

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Adult patients attending the Hospital with:

Suspected infectionSuspected infection+

> 2 SIRS criteria+

≥ 1 Organ disfunction

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SIRS:SIRS:SIRS:SIRS:TemperatureTemperature >38ºC>38ºCTemperatureTemperature <36ºC<36ºCHeartHeart raterate >> 90bpm90bpmRespìratoryRespìratory raterate >> 20 rpm20 rpmPaCO2 < 32 PaCO2 < 32 mmHgmmHgLeukocytesLeukocytes > > 1200012000LeukocytesLeukocytes < < 4000 4000 oror >10% >10% immatureimmature formsforms

Levy MM et al. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions

Conference. Crit Care Med. 2003;31:1250-6.

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53,6

86

73

5660

70

80

90

100

SIRS

12,612

0

10

20

30

40

50

Fever HipoT TaquiC TRF LeucoC LeucP

%

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Organ disfunction:Organ disfunction:Arterial hypotension (SBP <90 mmHg or MAP < 70 mmHg or decrease > 40 mmHg)

Levy MM et al. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions

Conference. Crit Care Med. 2003;31:1250-6.

70 mmHg or decrease > 40 mmHg)PaO2/FiO2 <300 or SpO2 < 90%Urine output <0.5 ml/Kg/h or < 45 ml/ 2hAltered mental statusCreatinine increase >0.5 mg/dl o doubledINR >1.5 or aPTT>60 secsPlatelet < 100000 Bilirubin >4 mg /dlC-reactive protein > 2 SD above normal valueLactate > 3 mmol/l

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58,150,5

36,940

50

60

70

Organ Failure IOrgan Failure I

20,3

0

10

20

30

HypoTA Hypoxe Oliguria Concien

%

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SIRS and MORTALITYSIRS and MORTALITY

Alive n(%) Dead n(%) OR (IC95%) p

Fever 177 (77,3) 52 (22,7) 0,68 (0,50-0,91) 0,008

Hypothermia 40 (63) 23 (36,5) 1,34 (0,94-1,93) 0,125

HR > 90 291 (72,4) 111 (27,6) 0,85 (0,59-1,22) 0,387

RR > 24 249 (70,5) 104 (29,5) 1,16 (0,83-1,63) 0,385

paCO2< 32 103 (70,5) 43 (29,5) 1,05 (0,78-1,43) 0,733

Leuk> 12.000 196 (73,4) 71 (26,6) 0,87 (0,06-1,15) 0,327

Leuk< 4.000 35 (63,6) 20 (36,4) 1,33 (0,91-1,95) 0,163

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MOF and MORTALITYMOF and MORTALITY

Organ Failure Alive n (%) Dead n (%) OR (IC95%) p

MAP < 70 mmHg 176 (68.8) 80 (31.3) 1.24 (0.93-1.66) 0.137

paO2/FiO2 <300 189 (72.1) 73 (27.9) 0.96 (0.72-1.28) 0.777

Oliguria 73 (52.9) 65 (47.1) 2.26 (1.72-2.97) <0.001Oliguria 73 (52.9) 65 (47.1) 2.26 (1.72-2.97) <0.001

Impaired mental 72 (63.7) 41 (36.3) 1.40 (1.04-1.89) 0.033

Creatinine x 2 68 (54) 58 (46) 2.08 (1.59-2.74) <0.001

Coagulopaty 52 (59.8) 35 (40.2) 1.56 (.15-2.12) 0.007

Bilirubin >4 16 (50) 16 (50) 1.86 (1.28-2.72) 0.005

CRP x 2 78 (80.4) 19 (19.6) 0.64 (0.42-0.99) 0.031

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60

80

100

RELACIÓN DMO Y MORTALIDAD INTRAHOSPITALARIARELACIÓN DMO Y MORTALIDAD INTRAHOSPITALARIA

0

20

40

1 2 3 >4

Vivo Exitus*: p<0,001

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Intensive Care Med. 2007 Nov; 33 (11)

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LACTATO: PREDICTOR LACTATO: PREDICTOR

Trzeciak et al, Intensive Care Med. 2007.

Mortalidad intra-hosp: 15%, 25% y 38% según interva lo lactato

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Nguyen H al, Crit Care Med. 2004

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OCCULT SHOCK: LACTATEOCCULT SHOCK: LACTATE

28-day Mortality: predictors of risk: SBP and Serum Lactate

After adjust SBP: Lactate independent factor associated with mortality: p<0,001

Howell M et al, ICM, 2007.

AUC: 0,87

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PIMIS: LACTATEPIMIS: LACTATE

InitialInitial 6h6h 12 h12 h pp

SevereSevere sepsissepsis 2.2 (1.6) 1.7 (1.3) 1.5 (0.8)In-6h: 0,02In-12h: 0,0016h-12h: 0,03

In-6h: 0,01

Socias A, Borges M, ICM (abst), 2007.

SepticSeptic shockshock** 3.3 (2.7) 2.9 (2.6) 2.6 (2.6)In-6h: 0,01In-12h: 0,0016h-12h: 0,04

p p ** <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 ///////

NO DIFFERENCES MEDIAN LACTATE BETWEEN MED NO DIFFERENCES MEDIAN LACTATE BETWEEN MED -- SURGSURG

500 first episodies

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PIMIS: LACTATEPIMIS: LACTATE

FactorFactor Lactate 0h Lactate 0h Lactate 6h Lactate 6h Lactate 12h Lactate 12h

SOFA 0SOFA 0pRho Spearman

<0,00010.269

<0,00010.282

0,0020.242

SOFA 1dSOFA 1dpRho Spearman

0,0010.220

<0,00010.277

<0,00010.285

Borges M, ICM, abst 2007.

SOFA 2dSOFA 2d pRho Spearman

0,0450.141

0,0120.206

0,0010.282

SOFA 3dSOFA 3dpRho Spearman

0,0690.131

0,0680,151

0,0060.228

SOFA 5dSOFA 5d pRho Spearman

0,3420,071

0,7960.022

0,0030.255

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OrganOrgan disfunctiondisfunction and and mortalitymortality

25

30

35

40%

Present

*

*

* p<0.05* p<0.05

0

5

10

15

20

MAP<70

PaO2/FiO

2<300

Oligur ia

Impaired consciousness

Creatinine x 2Im

paired coagulation

Bilir rubin>4C protein x 2Initial lactate>3

Present Absent*

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SERUMSERUM LACTATE MEAN andLACTATE MEAN andMORTALITYMORTALITY

Value DE p

Lactate 0Lactate 0 3,963,96 0,570,57 0,00010,0001Lactate 0Lactate 0 3,963,96 0,570,57 0,00010,0001

LactateLactate 6 h6 h 3,863,86 0,690,69 0,00010,0001

LactateLactate 12 h12 h 3,823,82 0,740,74 0,00010,0001

Borges M, Socias A, ICM (abst), 2007.

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54

40

50

60 OR IC 95%%

5,755,75 2,652,65--12,4612,46

LACTATE “0” - MORTALITY

p=0,001

Age, sex, nº OD, Vasoactive

20

0

10

20

30

<3,5 >=3,5%

OR IC 95%%

3,073,07 1,241,24--7,557,55

Age, sex, nº OD, VasoactiveDegree sepsis, hypoxemia

Borges M, Med Intensiva, 2007

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47,7

30

40

50 OR IC 95%%

4,484,48 1,861,86--10,7710,77

Δ LACTATE “0-6 hs” and MORTALITY

p=0,001Age, sex, nº OF, Vasoactive

16,9

0

10

20

>Basal <=Basal%

p=0,001

OR IC 95%%

4,514,51 1,701,70--11,9811,98

Age, sex, nº OF, VasoactiveDegree Sepsis, hypoxemia

Borges M, Med Intensiva, 2007

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56

40

50

60 OR IC 95%%

4,664,66 1,811,81--12,0612,06

LACTATE CLEARANCE (0-6 hs) and MORTALITY

p=0,001 Age, sex, nº OF, Vasoactive

21,4

0

10

20

30

<(-15%) >=(-15%)%

p=0,001

OR IC 95%%

4,584,58 1,451,45--14,4414,44

Age, sex, nº OF, VasoactiveDegree Sepsis, hypoxemia

Borges M, Med Intensiva, 2007

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62

40

50

60 OR IC 95%%

5,455,45 1,991,99--15,6615,66

LACTATE CLEARANCE (6-12 hs) and MORTALITY

p=0,0001 Age, sex, nº OF, Vasoactive

23

0

10

20

30

<(-15%) >=(-15%)%

p=0,0001

OR IC 95%%

4,954,95 1,891,89--16,5416,54

Age, sex, nº OF, VasoactiveDegree Sepsis, hypoxemia

Borges M, Med Intensiva, 2007

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PIMIS: LACTATEPIMIS: LACTATE

AUC 95% CI pLactate 0 h 0,617 0,536-0,699 0,003

Lactate 6 hs 0,602 0,504-0,700 0,032

Lactate 12 hs 0,721 0,633-0,809 <0,0001

Borges M, ICM (abst), 2007.

Lactate clearance0-6 hs

0,648 0,553-0,743 0,003

Lactate clearance6-12 hs

0,83 0,775-0,905 <0,0001

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Shock oculto

El 20% de los pacientes con shock séptico no tratado tienen hiperlactacidemia sin hipotensión

La importancia del shock oculto

El 50% de los pacientes resucitados del shock tienen hipoxia tisular oculta, a pesar de mantener constantes vitales normales y PVC normal (ScO2 baja, lactato elevado)

Rivers EP. Central venous oxygen saturation monitoring in the critically ill patient. Curr Opin Crit Care 2001; 7: 204-211.

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58,1

74,360

70

80

90

100

Occult hypoperfusion = Shock

Lactate 0: initial

Lactate 1: 6 hs

Lactate 2: 12 hs

58,1

48,6

30,1

0

10

20

30

40

50

HypoTA Lact0 Lact1 Lact2

% LactateLactate > 2,2> 2,2

Borges M, SEIMC, 2007

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OCCULT SHOCK

Relationship between MBP < 70 mmHg and mortality:-In the moment of protocol activation: 31,4%-At 6 hours: 45,7%.

Variable RR IC 95%MBP>70mmHg 1,985 (1.31-2.99)MBP<70mmHg 1,989 (1.25-3.16)

Relative risk(RR) of deaths in pts with normo or hy potensive was the same

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OCCULT SHOCK

PL < 3 < 3 ≥ 3 ≥ 3 p

PL-0 20,8% 40,3% 0,002

Relationship between Plasmatic Lactate (PL) and Mortality with MBP ≥70 mmHg:

PL-0 20,8% 40,3% 0,002

PL-6h 25,3% 52,2% 0,008

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PLASMATIC LACTATE: Value PLASMATIC LACTATE: Value

Jansen et al, Crit Care. 2008.

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5,3 5,46

8

10

LACTATE OUTLACTATE OUT--SIDE HOSPITALSIDE HOSPITAL

p<0,02

LACTATE LEVELS AND OUTCOME

3,7 3,2

0

2

4

TI T2

Dead AliveJansen et al, Crit Care. 2008.

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PLASMATIC LACTATE: Value PLASMATIC LACTATE: Value

Jansen et al, Crit Care. 2008.

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PLASMATIC LACTATE: Value PLASMATIC LACTATE: Value

Jansen et al, Crit Care. 2008.

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�Inflammation: complex system�EGDT: ↓ mortality, resource`s use�EGDT: “gold standart”(¿?)�Complicated implemmentation�Diagnosis -“simultaneuos” therapies

UPDATEUPDATE--SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valenci a, 23/03/2007SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valencia, 23/03 /2007 ..EGDTEGDT--InflammationInflammation

�Diagnosis -“simultaneuos” therapies�Clasical SIRS: few role�OF: main objetive�Tissue Hypoxia: Inflammation (BM)�Individualized each case/hospital

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Muito obrigado!

UPDATEUPDATE--SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valenci a, 23/03/2007SUMMIT DE ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS, Valencia, 23/03 /2007 ..EGDTEGDT--InflammationInflammation

[email protected]