Efficacy of Various Insecticides Against Bed Bugs
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Transcript of Efficacy of Various Insecticides Against Bed Bugs
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Efficacy of Various Insecticides Against Bed BugsEfficacy of Various Insecticides Against Bed Bugs
Dr. Bill DonahueSumiko De La Vega
Nebraska Urban Pest Management ConferenceFebruary 12-13, 2013
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“Brood Centers”
• Bed bugs are thigmotactic preferring rough surfaces such as wood or paper.
• Cluster together in contact with each other where fecal matter, egg shells and exuvia accumulate - Semiochemicals
• Return to these harborages after a blood meal.• Quiescent state while digestion takes place.• Stimulus to leave harborage? Hunger?
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“Brood Centers”
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Repellent A chemical that makes unattractive to
arthropods a habitat, food source, or oviposition site ordinarily sought and frequented.
“Push-Pull” Theory – Repel and Attract - used in the same environment
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Objective
To evaluate the contact activity (mortality, repellency, egg distribution and hatch) of selected strains of bed bugs exposed to
treated fabric substrates.
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Chemicals Evaluated
• Permethrin Impregnated Fabrics (3) – 0.52% a.i.• Phantom Aerosol – Chlorfenapyr 0.5%• Alpine Aerosol – Dinotefuran 0.5%• Bedlam Aerosol – Sumithrin 0.4%, MGK-264 1.6%• Bed Bug Gel - Lactic Acid 20%, Rosemary Oil 1%,
Hops Flower Essential Oil 1%
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Bed Bug Strains
• “Harlan” – Laboratory Susceptible Strain (Ft. Dix, NJ 1973 - SRL 2008) Adults Mixed Sex Ratio
• “Earl” – SRL Field Collected (Modesto, CA - 2007) Susceptible Strain – Adults Mixed Sex Ratio
• “James” – SRL Field Collected (Modesto, CA - 2009) Strain, 7X Permethrin Resistant – Adults Mixed Sex Ratio
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Test System* Forced Exposure non-choice test
Aerosol “Choice Test”
Permethrin Fabric “Choice Test”
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Average percent mortality of adult bed bugs (2 Strains) confined to three types of permethrin treated fabrics (“Non-
Choice”) compared with an untreated control as a continuous forced exposure lethal time (LT) evaluation
Fabric Type
1 hrHarlan
1 hrJames
2 hrHarlan
2 hrJames
4 hrHarlan
4 hrJames
24 hrHarlan
24 hrJames
#1 BeigeUPH
4 0 26 12 58 24 100 54
#2 Black Stitch
16 0 22 6 64 18 100 50
#3 Knit
Ticking
44 10 56 48 94 66 100 78
#4 UTC
Woven
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Average percent mortality of adult bed bugs (Harlan) confined to three types of permethrin treated fabrics (“Choice Test”)
compared with an untreated control as a continuous exposure lethal time (LT) evaluation
FabricType 4 hr 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr 96 hr
#1 BeigeUPH 14 64 72 76 76
#2 Black Stitch 26 46 64 72 78
#3 Knit Ticking 30 52 60 66 68
#4 UTCWoven 0 0 0 0 0
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Total # of Eggs, average percent hatch and average percent nymph mortality of bed bugs (Harlan) confined to three types of permethrin treated fabrics (“Choice Test”) compared with
an untreated control as a continuous exposure evaluation
Fabric TypeTreated SideTotal # Eggs
Untreated SideTotal # Eggs Avg.% Hatch
Avg. % Nymph Mortality
#1 BeigeUPH
3 73 83.5 19.7
#2 Black Stitch
6 90 86.6 34.4
#3 Knit Ticking
2 124 69.8 19.8
#4 UTCWoven
124 189 87.0 2.6
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Mortality, distribution, average percent hatch and average percent nymph mortality of bed bugs (Harlan) confined to treated mattress ticking (“Choice Test”) compared with an
untreated control as a continuous exposure evaluation
TreatmentMax. Adult
% Mort 96 hr
% Adults Untreated Side Avg % Distribution Eggs Avg %Hatch
Avg %Nymph
Mortality
4 hr 96 hr Treated Untreated
ChlorfenapyrAerosol 0 96 82 13 87 96.6 78.0
DinotefuranAerosol 0 58 74 31 69 98.0 0.6
Sumithrin Aerosol 42 68 64 1 99 97.1 41.7
Lactic Acid + Essential Oils 0 96 100 0 100 100 0.6
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Conclusions• Reliable and predictive small scale bioassay• Sensitive – bed bug strains, chemicals (actives &
formulations)• Demonstrates repellency – adults/nymphs,
oviposition sites – “Push-Pull” applications, but need to understand the dynamics when including the host and harborage in human habitats
• Evaluate control options based on unique bed bug behavior – “Brood Centers” - Urban IPM
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Questions?