Effects of Tire Axle Load and Inflation Pressure on Near ...
23
Guangming Wang, Ph.D., P.E. Dennis Morian, P.E.; Doug Frith, P.E. Quality Engineering Solutions, Inc Effects of Tire Axle Load and Inflation Pressure on Near-Surface Pavement Response
Transcript of Effects of Tire Axle Load and Inflation Pressure on Near ...
Guangming Wang, Ph.D., P.E.
Dennis Morian, P.E.; Doug Frith, P.E.
Quality Engineering Solutions, Inc
Effects of Tire Axle Load and Inflation Pressure on
Near-Surface Pavement Response
Outline
• Background
• Develop 2-D Axle-Tire-Pavement Contact
Model
• Investigate Tire Axle Load and Inflation
Pressure on Near-Surface Pavement
Response
• Conclusions & Recommendation
Background
• Damaging Effects of Overloaded/Heavy Loaded Vehicles to Pavements
Background (Cont.)
• Pavement damage follows approximately a 4th-power rule, which means that if the load is doubled, the damage will be 16 (2^4). • If the load is increased by 20%, the damage is doubled!
Background (Cont.)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Age of Pavment (Year)
Pavem
en
t S
erv
ice In
dex
Standard Design Heavy Trucks Start at Year 0 Heavy Trucks Start at Year 10
Heavy/Over Load results in fewer allowable repetitions before failure
(Source: Wilde, 2012)
Background (Cont.)
• Damaging Effects of Under/Over Inflated Tires to Pavements
Background (Cont.)
• Top-down Cracking and Instability Rutting
Develop 2-D Axle-Tire-pavement Model
• Tire to Be Modeled
Michelin X One® XDA-HT™ Plus 445/50R22.5
Develop 2-D Axle-Tire-Pavement Model (Cont.)
• Modeling of Tire
Develop 2-D Axle-Tire-Pavement Model (Cont.)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 2 4 6 8 10
Tire Ribs
Ma
xim
um
Ve
rtic
al
Co
nta
ct
Str
es
s (
ps
i)
Predicted
Measured
-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
-10 -5 0 5 10
Tire Lateral Distance (in)
Ve
rtic
al
Co
nta
ct
Str
es
s (
ps
i)
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
-10 -5 0 5 10
Tire Lateral Distance (in)
La
tera
l C
on
tac
t S
tre
ss
(p
si)
• Model Verification
Develop 2-D Axle-Tire-Pavement Model (Cont.)
Effects of Axle Load on Near-Surface
Pavement Response
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
-10 -5 0 5 10
Tire Lateral Distance (in)
Vert
ical C
on
tact
Str
ess (
psi)
13.5k lbs 18k lbs 22.5k lbs
Effects of Axle Load on
Near-Surface Pavement Response (Cont.)
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
-10 -5 0 5 10
Tire Lateral Distance (in)
Tra
nsvers
e C
on
tact
Str
ess (
psi)
13.5k lbs 18k lbs 22.5k lbs
Effects of Axle Load on
Near-Surface Pavement Response (Cont.)
0
20
40
60
80
100
13.5k 18k 22.5k
Axle Load (lbs)
Str
es
s (
ps
i)
Max. Shear Stress Principle Tensile Stress
Effects of Tire Inflation Pressure
on Near-Surface Pavement Response
Over Inflation Under Inflation Correct Inflation
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
-10 -5 0 5 10
Tire Lateral Distance (in)
Ve
rtic
al C
on
tac
t S
tre
ss
(p
si)
80 psi 100 psi 125 psi
Effects of Tire Inflation Pressure
on Near-Surface Pavement Response (Cont.)
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
-10 -5 0 5 10
Tire Lateral Distance (in)
Tra
ns
ve
rse
Co
nta
ct
Str
es
s (
ps
i)
80 psi 100 psi 125 psi
Effects of Tire Inflation Pressure
on Near-Surface Pavement Response (Cont.)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
Maximum Shear Stress (psi)
De
pth
to
AC
Su
rfa
ce
(in
)
80 psi
100 psi
125 psi
Effects of Tire Inflation Pressure
on Near-Surface Pavement Response (Cont.)
0
5
10
15
20
25
80 100 125
Tire Inflation Pressure (psi)
Peak S
IGM
A-1
(p
si)
Conclusions
• The developed 2-D axle-tire-pavement finite element contact model can successfully capture patterns of both vertical contact stress and horizontal shear contact stress distributions.
• The maximum contact stress moved from the tire center towards the tire edges when the tire was heavily loaded or under inflated.
Conclusions (Cont.)
• Both peak SIGMA-1 and maximum shear stress increase with the axle load. The peak SIGMA-1 and maximum shear stress slightly increase with the decrease of the inflation pressure, which indicates that under inflation might increase the propensity of top-down cracking and instability rutting.
Future Research Recommendation
• Need to develop 3-D tire-pavement
interaction model to further investigate
the effects of tire axle load and
inflation pressure on the near-surface
pavement response.
Reference
• Greg A. Hayes and Keith Williamson. Minnesota’s Truck Weight
Education Program. Presentation for Minnesota Assn. of
Townships.
• Wilde W. James. Effect of Heavy Loads on Pavements.
Presentation for Houston County Board of Commissioners
Meeting, March, 2012.
Thank You
