Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth ...

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Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory , Vol. 25, No. 3:200-205, September (2016) pISSN 2288-0992 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2016.25.3.200 eISSN 2288-100X 200 Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory , Vol. 25, No. 3, 2016 ์—ฌ์ฃผ ๋ด„ ์ž‘ํ˜•์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์œก๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ์†๋™๋ชจ 1 *ยท ๊น€์„ฑ์ค€ 1 ยท ๊น€ํšจ์ค‘ 1 ยท ๊น€ํฌ๊ณค 1 ยท ์œค๋ด‰๊ธฐ 1 ยท ์ •์ข…๋ชจ 1 ยท ์ด์ •ํ˜„ 2 1 ์ „๋ผ๋‚จ๋„๋†์—…๊ธฐ์ˆ ์›, 2 ์ „๋‚จ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth and Yield of Momordica charantia L. in Spring Season Dong-Mo Son 1 *, Seong-Jun Kim 1 , Hyo-Joong Kim 1 , Hee-Gon Kim 1 , Bong-Ki Yun 1 , Jong-Mo Jung 1 , and Jeong-hyun Lee 2 1 Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Naju, 58213, Korea 2 Department of Horticulture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea Abstract. This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects that the difference of planting time by a method of cultivation in the non-heated greenhouse and the open field with spring planting had on growth and yield. With regard to the tested variety of Momordica charantia, variety โ€˜Dragonโ€™ (Japan Yae ่พฒ่—) was selected. And 3 treatments on March 20, April 5 and April 20 for the greenhouse cultivation and 3 treatments on April 20, May 5 and May 20 for the open-field cultivation 1 month later than those for the greenhouse cultivation were planted by the ran- domized complete block design, and 4 secondary vines were trained. In the results of examining 15-day average atmospheric temperature after planting according to the methods of greenhouse and open-field cultivation and plant- ing time, it was shown that there was a tendency for atmospheric temperature inside the greenhouse to decrease as the planting time was moved up. In particular, the average atmospheric temperature was 16.7 o C when seedling was planted on April 20 in the open-field cultivation, which was approximately equal to 17.0 o C of the average atmo- spheric temperature when a seedling was planted on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation. With regard to the date of first harvest by the method of cultivation, it was shown that there was a tendency for the date of first harvest to be earlier in the greenhouse cultivation than in the open-field cultivation, and the date of first harvest was moved up as a seedling was planted earlier for the planting period. The number and weight of harvested fruits per plant showed a tendency which was almost similar to that of total number of harvest days and number of harvests. Thus, the number of fruits was 189 and the weight of fruits was 31,649g in case of the greenhouse cultivation and planting on March 20, which were maximum. In case of planting on the latest planting date : May 20 in the open-field cultivation, the number of fruits was 77 and the weight of fruits was 12,502g, which were at a level of 40% of those of planting on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation 2 months earlier. The total yield per 10a was 10,228kg in the greenhouse cul- tivation and was 2.2 times as heavy as 4,607kg in the open-field cultivation with regard to the method of cultivation. For the planting period in the greenhouse cultivation, it was 10,539kg and 10,517kg in planting on March 20 and April 5, which was higher by 9% than 9,629kg in planting on April 20. And in the open-field cultivation, it was 4,785kg in planting on April 20 and 4,872kg in planting on May 5, which was higher by 15~17% than 4,163kg in planting on May 20. Taking the above results into account, it is considered proper to plant Momordica charantia from March 20 to April 5 for the greenhouse cultivation and from April 20 to May 5 or thereabouts when a risk of late frost is gone for the open-field cultivation in southern area. Additional key words : temperature, open field, greenhouse, yield ์„œ ๋ก  ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ธฐํ›„์˜จ๋‚œํ™”์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์•„์—ด๋Œ€ ์ฑ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—์„œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ(Ahn ๋“ฑ, 2012; Kim ๋“ฑ, 2014; Seong ๋“ฑ, 2008; Uhm ๋“ฑ, 2014) ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ ์†Œ๋น„๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ง๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Kim ๋“ฑ, 2013a). ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ „๋‚จ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋งŒ 2016 ๋…„ํ˜„์žฌ ์•ฝ 43ha ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ๋œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ ์ž‘ํ˜•์€ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ฐ€๋ฆผ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋กœ 4~5 ์›”๊ฒฝ์— ์ •์‹ *Corresponding author: [email protected] *Received August 19, 2016; Revised September 21, 2016; *Accepted September 23, 2016

Transcript of Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth ...

Page 1: Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth ...

Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory, Vol. 25, No. 3:200-205, September (2016) pISSN 2288-0992

DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2016.25.3.200 eISSN 2288-100X

200 Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory, Vol. 25, No. 3, 2016

์—ฌ์ฃผ ๋ด„ ์ž‘ํ˜•์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์œก๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

์†๋™๋ชจ1* ยท ๊น€์„ฑ์ค€1

ยท ๊น€ํšจ์ค‘1ยท ๊น€ํฌ๊ณค1

ยท ์œค๋ด‰๊ธฐ1ยท ์ •์ข…๋ชจ1

ยท ์ด์ •ํ˜„2

1์ „๋ผ๋‚จ๋„๋†์—…๊ธฐ์ˆ ์›, 2์ „๋‚จ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต

Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth and Yield of

Momordica charantia L. in Spring Season

Dong-Mo Son1*, Seong-Jun Kim1, Hyo-Joong Kim1, Hee-Gon Kim1, Bong-Ki Yun1,

Jong-Mo Jung1, and Jeong-hyun Lee2

1Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Naju, 58213, Korea2Department of Horticulture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea

Abstract. This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects that the difference of planting time by a

method of cultivation in the non-heated greenhouse and the open field with spring planting had on growth and yield.

With regard to the tested variety of Momordica charantia, variety โ€˜Dragonโ€™ (Japan Yae ่พฒ่—) was selected. And 3

treatments on March 20, April 5 and April 20 for the greenhouse cultivation and 3 treatments on April 20, May 5 and

May 20 for the open-field cultivation 1 month later than those for the greenhouse cultivation were planted by the ran-

domized complete block design, and 4 secondary vines were trained. In the results of examining 15-day average

atmospheric temperature after planting according to the methods of greenhouse and open-field cultivation and plant-

ing time, it was shown that there was a tendency for atmospheric temperature inside the greenhouse to decrease as

the planting time was moved up. In particular, the average atmospheric temperature was 16.7oC when seedling was

planted on April 20 in the open-field cultivation, which was approximately equal to 17.0oC of the average atmo-

spheric temperature when a seedling was planted on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation. With regard to the date

of first harvest by the method of cultivation, it was shown that there was a tendency for the date of first harvest to be

earlier in the greenhouse cultivation than in the open-field cultivation, and the date of first harvest was moved up as a

seedling was planted earlier for the planting period. The number and weight of harvested fruits per plant showed a

tendency which was almost similar to that of total number of harvest days and number of harvests. Thus, the number

of fruits was 189 and the weight of fruits was 31,649g in case of the greenhouse cultivation and planting on March

20, which were maximum. In case of planting on the latest planting date : May 20 in the open-field cultivation, the

number of fruits was 77 and the weight of fruits was 12,502g, which were at a level of 40% of those of planting on

March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation 2 months earlier. The total yield per 10a was 10,228kg in the greenhouse cul-

tivation and was 2.2 times as heavy as 4,607kg in the open-field cultivation with regard to the method of cultivation.

For the planting period in the greenhouse cultivation, it was 10,539kg and 10,517kg in planting on March 20 and

April 5, which was higher by 9% than 9,629kg in planting on April 20. And in the open-field cultivation, it was

4,785kg in planting on April 20 and 4,872kg in planting on May 5, which was higher by 15~17% than 4,163kg in

planting on May 20. Taking the above results into account, it is considered proper to plant Momordica charantia

from March 20 to April 5 for the greenhouse cultivation and from April 20 to May 5 or thereabouts when a risk of

late frost is gone for the open-field cultivation in southern area.

Additional key words : temperature, open field, greenhouse, yield

์„œ ๋ก 

์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ธฐํ›„์˜จ๋‚œํ™”์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์•„์—ด๋Œ€ ์ฑ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด

์—์„œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ(Ahn ๋“ฑ, 2012; Kim ๋“ฑ, 2014;

Seong ๋“ฑ, 2008; Uhm ๋“ฑ, 2014) ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ

์†Œ๋น„๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ง๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Kim ๋“ฑ, 2013a).

ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ „๋‚จ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋งŒ

2016๋…„ํ˜„์žฌ ์•ฝ 43ha ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ๋œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ

์ž‘ํ˜•์€ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ฐ€๋ฆผ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋กœ 4~5์›”๊ฒฝ์— ์ •์‹

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

*Received August 19, 2016; Revised September 21, 2016;

*Accepted September 23, 2016

Page 2: Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth ...

์—ฌ์ฃผ ๋ด„ ์ž‘ํ˜•์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์œก๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

์‹œ์„ค์›์˜ˆยท์‹๋ฌผ๊ณต์žฅ, ์ œ25๊ถŒ ์ œ3ํ˜ธ 2016๋…„ 201

ํ•˜์—ฌ 9~10์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์ˆ˜ํ™•ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘ํ˜•์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฉ๊ตด์„ฑ ๋ฐ•๊ณผ ์ฑ„์†Œ

์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”(Momordica charantia L.)๋Š” ์ธ๋„, ์ค‘

๊ตญ, ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด, ๋‚จ๋ฏธ ๋“ฑ ์•„์—ด๋Œ€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋˜๊ณ 

์ฑ„์†Œ๋กœ ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€์šฐ๋ฆฌ, ๊ณ ์•ผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„œ์–‘์—์„œ๋Š”

bitter melon, bitter squash, balsam pear ๋“ฑ ์ง€์—ญ์ ์œผ๋กœ

๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋น„ํƒ€๋ฏผ, ๋ฏธ๋„ค๋ž„์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 

๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์“ด๋ง›์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠน์ง•์ด๋‹ค(Bohme์™€

Pinker, 2007). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ 1๋…„์ƒ์˜ ์ฑ„

์†Œ๋กœ ๊ณ ์˜จ๊ณผ ๊ฑด์กฐ์— ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์œก์ ์˜จ์€ 25~28oC์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ณ‘

์ถฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†์–ด ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ž‘๋ฌผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์—ด๋งค,

์žŽ, ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ด์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ธ๋„์˜

Ayurveda์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์œ„์—ผ, ๋ณ€๋น„, ๊ตฌ์ถฉ,

๋ฅ˜๋จธํ‹ฐ์ฆ˜ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์ด์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๊ณ (Begum ๋“ฑ, 1997).

์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ์—ด๋งค๊ฐ€ ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ญ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ

์Šค, ํ•ญ ์—์ด์ฆˆ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์—๋„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ

์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Ali ๋“ฑ, 1993; Sitasawad ๋“ฑ, 2000;

Fonseka ๋“ฑ, 2007; Yaniv์™€ Bachrach 2005; Tsang ๋“ฑ,

2008) ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ์ฃผ ์žŽ์—๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ธ

momordicine์ด ํ•จ์œ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค

.(Puspawati, 2008). ์—ฌ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋ถ„

๋ถ„์„(Park ๋“ฑ, 2007; Lee ๋“ฑ, 2012; Moon ๋“ฑ, 2014) ๋ฐ

ํ’ˆ์ข…์œก์„ฑ(Lee ๋“ฑ, 2013), ํ•ญ ๋‹น๋‡จ(Kim, 2013), ์‹ํ’ˆ์†Œ์žฌ

๊ฐœ๋ฐœ(An 2014. Moon๊ณผ Choi 2014) ๋“ฑ ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ 

์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์ฃผ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํ’ˆ์งˆ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€

๋ฏธํกํ•œ ํŽธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์—ฌ์ฃผ์žฌ

๋ฐฐ ์ฃผ์‚ฐ์ง€์ธ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ

์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ณ„ ์ ์ • ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ช…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜

์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒซ ์ˆ˜ํ™•์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œ

๋“์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

๋ณธ ์‹œํ—˜์€ ์ „๋‚จ ๋‚˜์ฃผ์‹œ ์‚ฐํฌ๋ฉด ์‚ฐ์ œ๋ฆฌ(์œ„๋„ 35o 3 N,

๊ฒฝ๋„ 126o 54 E)์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ „๋ผ๋‚จ๋„๋†์—…๊ธฐ์ˆ ์› ์›์˜ˆ์—ฐ

๊ตฌ์†Œ ์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ๋…ธ์ง€ํฌ์žฅ ์‹œํ—˜ํฌ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ฐฐ

ํ’ˆ์ข…์€ โ€˜๋“œ๋ ˆ๊ณคโ€™(์ผ๋ณธ ์•ผ์—่พฒ่—) ํ’ˆ์ข…์„ ๊ณต์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์›์˜ˆ์šฉ

์ƒํ† ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์ง„ํ•œ 50๊ณต ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด์— 35์ผ๊ฐ„ ์œก๋ฌ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ

3.0ร—1.0m ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋Š” 3์›” 20์ผ, 4์›” 5์ผ, 4์›”

20์ผ, ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ณด๋‹ค 1๊ฐœ์›” ๋Šฆ์€ 4์›” 20์ผ, 5

์›” 5์ผ, 5์›” 20์ผ ๋“ฑ 3์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚œ๊ดด๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ •์‹ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ •์‹ ์ „ ์ด๋ž‘ ์ค‘์•™์— ์ ์ ํ˜ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ž‘์€ ์ฒญ์ƒ‰

๋น„๋‹๋กœ ์ด๋ž‘์‚ฌ์ด๋Š” ํ‘์ƒ‰ ๋ถ€์งํฌ(Weed stop)๋กœ ๋ฉ€์นญ ํ•˜์˜€

๋‹ค. ๊ด€์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ ์ ํ˜ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ด€์ˆ˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ด€

์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ฐ„์ด pF ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ(Spectrum, Oneset, USA)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉ

ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ด€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐœ์‹œ์ ์„ ์ƒ์œก์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” pF 1.8, ์ˆ˜ํ™•๊ธฐ์—๋Š”

pF 2.0์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 10a๋‹น ์‹œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์€ N-P-K-ํ‡ด๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ

24-16-24-2,000kg๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์ค€์‹œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‡ด๋น„์™€ P๋Š” ์ „

๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ๋น„๋กœ ์‹œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  N๊ณผ K๋Š” 60%๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋น„๋กœ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€

40%๋Š” ์ถ”๋น„๋กœ 4ํšŒ ์‹œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋†์ดŒ์ง„ํฅ์ฒญ

์˜๋† ๊ธธ๋ผ์žก์ด ์˜ค์ด ํ‘œ์ค€์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฒ•์— ์ค€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ ์ธ์‹œ์„ค์€

์ด๋ž‘์œ„์— ํŒŒ์ดํ”„( 25)๋ฅผ 2m ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ทจํ˜• ํ„ฐ๋„์„

๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์œ„์— ํ™”ํ›ผ์šฉ ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๋„คํŠธ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์œ ์ธ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ž๋งŒ 4์ค„๊ธฐ ์œ ์ธ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์–ด๋ฏธ ์ค„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ 6~7๋งˆ

๋””์—์„œ ์ ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ ๋งˆ๋””์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ž๋งŒ(์•„๋“ค ์ค„๊ธฐ)

์ค‘์—์„œ ์ถฉ์‹คํ•œ ์ž๋งŒ์„ ์ขŒ์šฐ๋กœ 2๊ฐœ์”ฉ ์ด 4์ค„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ธํ•˜

์—ฌ ์œ ์ธ์„  ๋์—์„œ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์†๋งŒ์€ ์ดˆ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•„๊ฐ€

๋ฉฐ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต์ˆ˜๋ถ„์„

ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ค์ „ 10์‹œ ์ด์ „์— ์ฃผ 2~3ํšŒ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ˆ˜๊ฝƒ ํ•˜๋‚˜

๋กœ 2~3๊ฐœ์˜ ์•”๊ฝƒ์— ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•”๊ฝƒ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๋Š”

์ˆ˜ํ™• ์„ฑ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฟ€๋ฒŒ์„ ์ธ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ์ˆ˜ํ™•์€

2015๋…„ 5์›” 27์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ 9์›” 30์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ 1์ฃผ์ผ์—

ํ‰๊ท  3ํšŒ ์ •๋„ ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ™•ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„์ƒํ’ˆ๊ณผ(

๊ณก๊ณผ: ๊ตฝ์€ ๊ฐ๋„ 20o ์ด์ƒ)๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋ชฉ

์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ํ›„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ์˜จ, ์ƒ์œก, ๊ณผ์‹ค๊ณผ

์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ํŠน์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ƒํ’ˆ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ˆ˜ํ™•

์ข…๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์ ์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ •์‹ ํ›„ ์žฌ

๋ฐฐ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ ์ฒซ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ์ธ 3์›”

20์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ์˜จ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋Š”

SPSS(IBM SPSS Statistics, version18) ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ด์šฉ

ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ์›๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„(One-way analysis of variance)

์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ผ์›๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ

ํ›„๋ถ„์„์€ Duncanโ€™s multiple range test ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์˜๊ฑฐ

0.05% ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๊ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ์˜์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ •

ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

์—ฌ์ฃผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ

๋ฐฐ์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ •์‹ ํ›„ 15์ผ๊ฐ„

ํ‰๊ท ๊ธฐ์˜จ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Fig 1๊ณผ 2์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ๋…ธ

์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜๋ก 1์ผ ํ‰๊ท ๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒฝ

ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ 4์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ์˜ 1์ผ ํ‰๊ท 

๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ 16.7oC๋กœ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ 3์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ธฐ์˜จ

17.0oC์™€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์™ธ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ 3

์›” 20์ผ๊ณผ 4์›” 5์ผ ์ •์‹์˜ 1์ผ ํ‰๊ท ๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ 11.1~11.9oC๋กœ

์—ฌ์ฃผ์žฌ๋ฐฐ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ํ™œ์ฐฉ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ฎ์•„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€

์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์—ฌ์ฃผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ตœ์ข… ์ˆ˜ํ™• ์ข…๋ฃŒ

ํ›„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ง€์ƒ๋ถ€ ์ƒ์œก๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ™•ํŠน์„ฑ์€ Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์žฌ

๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ, ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅผ

์ˆ˜๋ก ์ƒ์œก์ด ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ์—์„œ ๋งŒ์žฅ

์€ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ 3์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์ด 620cm๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ

โ€ฒ

โ€ฒ

โˆ…

Page 3: Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth ...

์†๋™๋ชจ ยท ๊น€์„ฑ์ค€ ยท ๊น€ํšจ์ค‘ ยท ๊น€ํฌ๊ณค ยท ์œค๋ด‰๊ธฐ ยท ์ •์ข…๋ชจ ยท ์ด์ •ํ˜„

202 Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory, Vol. 25, No. 3, 2016

Fig. 1. Changes of average temperature by standard time in greenhouse as affected by planting date. The symbols indicate March 20(โ—),April 5(โ– ), April 20(โ–ฒ). The bars indicate standard deviation(n=15).

Fig. 2. Changes of average temperature by standard time on open field as affected by planting date. The symbols indicate March 20(โ—‹),April 5(โ–ก), April 20(โ–ณ), May 5(โ—), May 20(โ– ). The bars indicate standard deviation(n=15).

Table 1. The characteristics of growth after final harvest and harvest after final harvest by the method of cultivation and planting date ofMomordica charantia. L.

Cultivation method

Plantingdate

Vine length(cm)

Stemdiameter

(mm)

Leaflength(cm)

Leaf width(cm)

Date of first harvest

(Monthยทday)

Days to first harvesty

(Days)

Total No. of harvest days

(Days)

No. of harvests

(Times)

Greenhouse cultivation

3.20. 620 az 23.3 a 17.6 a 20.3 a 5.27 67 127 36

4.5. 592 b 22.8 ab 16.8 b 19.5 b 6.1 56 122 35

4.20. 540 c 21.1 b 16.9 b 19.4 b 6.4 44 119 34

Open-field cultivation

4.20. 524 a 19.9 a 13.5 a 14.8 a 7.2 72 89 26

5.5. 502 b 20.4 a 13.0 ab 15.1 a 7.6 63 85 25

5.20. 496 b 19.0 b 12.1 b 15.0 a 7.13 54 78 23

z : Mean separation within columns by Duncanโ€™s multiple test at 5%.y : Days from planting to first harvest

Page 4: Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth ...

์—ฌ์ฃผ ๋ด„ ์ž‘ํ˜•์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์œก๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

์‹œ์„ค์›์˜ˆยท์‹๋ฌผ๊ณต์žฅ, ์ œ25๊ถŒ ์ œ3ํ˜ธ 2016๋…„ 203

๊ธธ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์ด 4์›” 5์ผ 592cm, 4์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์€

540cm๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ์ธ 4

์›” 20์ผ์˜ 524cm ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” 16cm๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€

๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋Šฆ์€ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ 5์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์€ 496cm๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ 

์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ์–ด์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์œก๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‹จ์ถ•

์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ง๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์—ฝ์žฅ์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋งŒ

์žฅ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ, ๋Šฆ์€

์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ

์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฝํญ์€ ๋งŒ์žฅ๊ณผ ์—ฝ์žฅ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ ๋ณด

๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ 5.5~4.4cm ์ •๋„ ๊ธธ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„์—

๋Š” ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์•ผ์ฝ˜์—์„œ ์—ฝ์‹ ์žฅ๊ณผ ์—ฝํญ์€

์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” Kim ๋“ฑ(1995)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

์™€ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ •์‹์‹œ

๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ์ˆ˜ํ™•ํŠน์„ฑ์—์„œ ์ฒซ ์ˆ˜ํ™•์ผ์€ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ

๋ฐฐ, ์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด

์—ฌ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ 3์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์ด 5์›” 27์ผ, 4์›” 5์ผ ์ •์‹

์€ 4์ผ ๋Šฆ์€ 6์›” 1์ผ, 4์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์€ 6์›” 4์ผ์ด์—ˆ์œผ

๋ฉฐ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ 4์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์€ 7์›” 2์ผ๋กœ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ ๋ณด

๋‹ค 28์ผ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๊ณ  5์›” 5์ผ ์ •์‹์€ 7์›” 6์ผ, 5์›” 20์ผ ์ •

์‹์€ ์ •์‹์ผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 54์ผ ๋งŒ์ธ 7์›” 13์ผ์— ์ฒซ ์ˆ˜ํ™•์„ ํ•˜

์˜€๋‹ค. ์ •์‹๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฒซ ์ˆ˜ํ™•๊นŒ์ง€ ์†Œ์š”์ผ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ์œผ

๋ฉด ๋Šฆ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์งง์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ 4์›” 20์ผ

์ •์‹์ด 67์ผ์ธ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋Šฆ์€ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ

5์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์€ 54์ผ๋กœ 13์ผ์ด ์งง์•„์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” 5์›”

์ดํ›„ 6~7์›” ๊ณ ์˜จ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ™•๊ธฐ

๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‹จ์ถ•๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ณ„ ์ •์‹

์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ด ์ˆ˜ํ™• ์ผ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋นจ๋ž๋˜ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ

๋ฐฐ 3์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์ด 127์ผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธธ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜ํ™• ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋„ 36

ํšŒ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ์–ด์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ˆ˜ํ™• ์ผ์ˆ˜์™€

์ˆ˜ํ™• ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์–ด ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์ค‘์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ

๋Šฆ์€ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ 5์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์€ ์ˆ˜ํ™• ์ผ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 78์ผ, ์ˆ˜

ํ™• ํšŸ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 23ํšŒ๋กœ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ 3์›” 20

์ผ ์ •์‹๋ณด๋‹ค ์ˆ˜ํ™• ์ผ์ˆ˜ 49์ผ, ์ˆ˜ํ™• ํšŸ์ˆ˜ 13ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์—ฌ์ฃผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ณ„ ์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ™• ๊ณผ์‹ค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ

์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ Table 2์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ณผ์žฅ์€ 23.4~25.7cm

์ •๋„๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ณ„ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ •์‹์‹œ๊ธฐ

๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ •์‹ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ณผ์žฅ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ธธ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„

๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฒฝ์€ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ

๋ณด๋‹ค ํ‰๊ท  3.3mm๊ฐ€ ์ปธ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” 42.3~47.2mm

๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋‹น ์ด ์ˆ˜

ํ™• ๊ณผ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ณผ์ค‘์€ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ

์ •์‹๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ฌ๋ž๋Š”๋ฐ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ

๋ฐฐ๋Š” ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ฃผ๋‹น ์ด ์ˆ˜ํ™• ๊ณผ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ณผ์ค‘์ด

๋งŽ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋Š” 5์›” 5์ผ ์ •์‹์ด ์ฃผ๋‹น ์ˆ˜ํ™• ๊ณผ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€

92๊ฐœ, ๊ณผ์ค‘์ด 14,630g์œผ๋กœ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ 4์›” 20์ผ

์ •์‹๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณผ์ˆ˜๋Š” 2๊ฐœ, ๊ณผ์ค‘์€ 261g์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€

๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋Šฆ์€ 5์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์€ ๊ณผ์ˆ˜ 77๊ฐœ, ๊ณผ์ค‘ 12,502g์œผ

๋กœ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ 2๊ฐœ์›” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ 3์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์˜

41~40% ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด์—

๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ œํ•œ๋œ sink source์— ๊ธฐ์ธ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค

(Peil๊ณผ Lรณpez-Gรกlvez, 2001). ์ˆ˜ํ™• ๊ณผ์‹ค์˜ 1๊ฐœ๋‹น ๊ณผ์ค‘์€

์žฌ๋ฐฐ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ 171g์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ 160g

๋ณด๋‹ค 11g์ด ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์› ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ 4์›” 5

์ผ, 4์›” 20์ผ, 3์›” 20์ผ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์› ์ง€๋งŒ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋Š”

5์›” 20์ผ, 4์›” 20์ผ, 5์›” 520์ผ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์› ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€

๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Akinci ๋“ฑ(2000)๊ณผ El-Hamed์™€ Elwan(2011)

์˜ ๊ณผ์ฑ„๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ๊ณผ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ์ค‘์ด ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ

์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.

์—ฌ์ฃผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ƒ

ํ’ˆ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Table 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 10a๋‹น ์ด์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์€ ์žฌ

๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ํ‰๊ท  10,228kg์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ

์˜ 4,607kg ๋ณด๋‹ค 2.2๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ

๊ณ  ์ƒ์œก ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์–‘ํ˜ธํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉฐ

์ •์‹๊ธฐ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 4์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹๊ตฌ์˜

9,629kg ๋Œ€๋น„ 3์›” 20์ผ๊ณผ 4์›” 5์ผ ์ •์‹์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ

10,539kg์™€ 10,517kg์œผ๋กœ 9% ์ฆ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์—

์„œ๋Š” 5์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹๊ตฌ์˜ 4,163ใŽ ๋Œ€๋น„ 4์›” 20์ผ

4,785kg, 5์›” 5์ผ ์ •์‹ 4,872kg์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 15%์™€ 17%๊ฐ€

Table 2. The characteristics of harvested fruits as affected by the method of cultivation and planting date of momordica charantia L.

Cultivation methodPlanting

dateFruit length

(cm)Fruit diameter

(mm) Fruit fresh weight

(g)No. of fruits

(plant-1)

Total fruit fresh weight(gยทplant-1)

Greenhousecultivation

3.20. 25.0 az 46.7 ab 167 b 189 a 31,649 a

4.5. 24.6 ab 47.2 a 174 a 181 a 31,582 a

4.20. 23.4 b 43.5 b 172 a 168 b 28,915 b

Open-fieldcultivation

4.20. 25.7 a 42.8 a 160 b 90 a 14,369 a

5.5. 23.7 b 42.4 ab 159 b 92 a 14,630 a

5.20. 23.5 b 42.3 b 162 a 77 b 12,502 b

Z : Mean separation within columns by Duncanโ€™s multiple test at 5%.

Page 5: Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth ...

์†๋™๋ชจ ยท ๊น€์„ฑ์ค€ ยท ๊น€ํšจ์ค‘ ยท ๊น€ํฌ๊ณค ยท ์œค๋ด‰๊ธฐ ยท ์ •์ข…๋ชจ ยท ์ด์ •ํ˜„

204 Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory, Vol. 25, No. 3, 2016

์ฆ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 10a๋‹น ์ƒํ’ˆ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ด์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ

ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๋ณ„ 3์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ƒํ’ˆ์ˆ˜

๋Ÿ‰์€ 4,039kg์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๋ณ„ 3์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ƒ

ํ’ˆ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ 9,183kg์˜ 43.9% ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์—์„œ๋Š”

์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ •์‹ํ•œ 4์›” 5์ผ๊ณผ 5์›”

5์ผ ์ •์‹์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ 9,548kg๊ณผ 4,265kg์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ์‹ํ•œ 4์›” 20

์ผ๊ณผ 5์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹ ๋Œ€๋น„ 13%์™€ 14%๊ฐ€ ์ฆ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ

์กฐ๊ธฐ ์ •์‹ํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ 3์›” 20์ผ๊ณผ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ 4์›” 20์ผ

์ •์‹์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 9,526kg๊ณผ 4,112kg์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ์‹ํ•œ 4์›” 20์ผ๊ณผ

5์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹ ๋Œ€๋น„ 12%์™€ 10%๊ฐ€ ์ฆ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ƒ

ํ’ˆ์œจ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋Š” 4์›” 5์ผ ์ •์‹

์ด 90.8%๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์ด 3์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹

90.4%, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  4์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์ด 88%๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ

๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋Š” 5์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹ 89.8%, 5์›” 5์ผ ์ •์‹ 87.5%,

4์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹ 85.9% ์ˆœ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••, ๋‹น๋‡จ ๋“ฑ์— ํšจ๊ณผ(Ali ๋“ฑ, 1993;

Sitasawad ๋“ฑ, 2000; Fonseka ๋“ฑ, 2007; Yaniv์™€

Bachrach 2005; Tsang ๋“ฑ, 2008) ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ๋†๊ฐ€

์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ๋“์ž‘๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฉด์ ์ด

๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜ ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถœํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ 7์›” ํ•˜์ˆœ~8์›” ์ค‘ํ•˜์ˆœ

์„ฑ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด kg๋‹น 1,000~1,500์› ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ

๋‚ฎ์€ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์ง€๋ฐฉ์˜ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„์  ํŠน์„ฑ

์„ ์‚ด๋ ค ํƒ€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ 5~6์›”๊ณผ 9~11์›”์—

์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒํ’ˆ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋†๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋“ํ–ฅ์ƒ

์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํƒ€๋„์—์„œ ์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ

ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ๋…ธ์ง€์˜

์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ™•๊ณผ์‹ค์˜

์›”๋ณ„ ์ƒํ’ˆ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰(Fig. 2.)์€ ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€

์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ 3์›” 20์ผ ์ •์‹์€ 5~9์›”, 45์ผ 4์›” 20์ผ์˜ 4์›”

์ •์‹ 2์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 6~9์›”๊นŒ์ง€ 4๊ฐœ์›”์„ ์ˆ˜ํ™•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค ํŠนํžˆ

Table 3. Total yield and marketable yield according to the planting time by a method of cultivation in momordica charantia L.

Cultivation method

Plantingdate

Total yield(kg/10a)

Totalyield index

Marketable yield?

(kg/10a)Marketableyield index

Percentage ofmarketable fruits

(%)

Greenhousecultivation

3.20 10,539 az 109 9,526 a 112 90.4

4.5 10,517 a 109 9,548 a 113 90.8

4.20 9,629 b 100 8,475 b 100 88.0

Open-fieldcultivation

4.20 4,785 a 115 4,112 ab 110 85.9

5.5 4,872 a 117 4,265 a 114 87.5

5.20 4,163 b 100 3,739 b 100 89.8

Z : Mean separation within columns by Duncanโ€™s multiple test at 5%.

Fig. 3. Monthly harvested marketable production according to planting date depending on difference in the methods of cultivation inmomordica charantia L. The symbols indicate may(โ– ), june(โ–ก), july(โ–ง), october(โ–ฉ), september(โ–ฆ). The vertical bars indicate stan-dard deviation(n=3).

Page 6: Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth ...

์—ฌ์ฃผ ๋ด„ ์ž‘ํ˜•์˜ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์œก๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

์‹œ์„ค์›์˜ˆยท์‹๋ฌผ๊ณต์žฅ, ์ œ25๊ถŒ ์ œ3ํ˜ธ 2016๋…„ 205

์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ 3~4์›”์˜ ์กฐ๊ธฐ์ •์‹์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „๊ตญ์˜ ์„ฑ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ

์ด์ „์— ์ „์ฒด ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 54~59%๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๋†๊ฐ€

์†Œ๋“์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ

์šฐ๋Š” 3์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์ •์‹ ๋ชจ๋‘ 7~9์›”๊นŒ์ง€ 3๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜ํ™•์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ

ํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ 5~6์›”์˜ ์กฐ๊ธฐ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์กฐ๊ธฐ ์ƒํ’ˆ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋†๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋“์ฆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ

์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ 3์›” 20์ผ~4์›” 5์ผ์˜ ์กฐ๊ธฐ ์ •

์‹์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ์˜ ์ •์‹๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋Šฆ์„œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜

์ด ์—†์–ด์ง„ 4์›” 20์ผ~5์›” 5์ผ ์‚ฌ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ ๋‹นํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ

๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ

This work was carried out with the support of

โ€œCooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science

and Technology Development(Project No. PJ01014105)โ€

Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea

์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด : ๋…ธ์ง€์žฌ๋ฐฐ, ์‹œ์„ค์žฌ๋ฐฐ, ์ „๋‚จ์ง€์—ญ

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