Applicazione del recupero attivo, termico e passivo nell'handball:

modalità a confronto.

Laureando

Marco Iorio

Relatore

Dr. Antonio Tessitore

Correlatore

Dr. Bas de Geus

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Pers J, Bon M, Kovacic S, Sibila M, Dezman B. Observation and analysis of large-scale human motion. Hum Mov Sci. 2002 Jul;21(2):295-311

Handball Performance Profile

1. Team Sport: technical, tactical, psychological/social and physical characteristics;

2. Alternate aerobic-anaerobic metabolism;3. Match Analysis:   - distance covered = 4,8 ± 0,32 km;  - 7% in sprinting (s > 5,2 m/s);   - 25% fast running (s < 5,2 m/s);   - 31% slow running (s < 3,0 m/s);   - 37% walking or standing still (s < 1,4 m/s);  - 2600 changes of activity in a match.

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Why Recovery?

High Training Density in preseason

High Match Density in season

Short Recovery Periods

Overreaching

Overtraining

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Thorlund et al. 2008; Wojtys et al. 1996; Gabett 2000; Pinto et al. 1999.

Why Recovery in the half time?

1. Decrease of performance in the 2nd

Half;

2. Increase of Injuries in the 2nd Half.

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1. Active Recovery: Decrease of blood lactate level (Reilly 2002; Spierer 1996)

2. Thermal Applications :1. Cryotherapy and coooling :

Decrease of blood flow, acute inflammation in muscle damage, muscle pain, swelling and lose of force

(Yanagisawa 2003)

2. Contrast temperature:Increase of blood flow, decrease of blood lactate, decrese of muscolar inflammatory rections, oedema (Coffey 2004)

Recovery Literature

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3. Electromyostimulation DOMS decrease (Tessitore et al. 2008), blood lactate decrease (Martin et al. 2007)

4. Stretching:Range of motion increase (Magnusson 2005) but, decrease of power (Shrier 2004), decrease of sprint speed (Nelson 2005)

5. Massage:Blood Lactate decrease (Weerapong 2005)

6. Other interventions:Hot water immersion, active recovery in water, compression garments, passive recovery.

Recovery Literature

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Recovery Literature

But…

1. Contrasting Results for every kind of interventions

2. No research applied during half time

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Purpose

May Cooling or Active Recovery, applied during the rest between two halves of a simulated Handball match, improve the players’s performance?

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- Subject: hanball players (n = 15; age = 18,27±1,33 years;weight 79,50±7,33 kg; height = 1,83±0,05; BMI = 23,65±2,04).

- Trial Protocol (1 Familiarization + 3 Trial):

(Training protocol: W=warm-up - 10’; T1=training 1 - 30’; R= Recovery - 10’; T2=training 2 - 30’)

(Test Batteries: tests take the name of training sections: Test1=W; Test2=T1; Test3=R; Test4=T2)

Materials and methods

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Recovery Protocols:- Cooling Group: 8 min of cooling vest application,

seated;

- Cycling Group: 8 min of cycling at 120 bpm;

- Control Group: 8 min seated.

Materials and methods

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  Test Protocol:  - Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale;  - Thermal Stress scale (PT);  - Blood Sample (lactate level taken from the

earlobe);  - Countermovement Jump (CMJ);  - Hand Grip Strength Test;  - 10 meters Sprint + Light signal Reaction Time.

  Heart Rate were measured during the whole trials

Materials and methods

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Materials Recovery Interventions

  Cooling:   - Cooling Vest: vest (Jako Double, Hollenbach,

Belgium) + ice packs (4 sizes, Naqi, Halen, Belgium);

  - Wet underwear t-shirt;  - Rectal Thermister (LT-8°, Saitama, Japan);  Cycling:  - cyclergometer (n=5) + heart rate monitors

(n=5).

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- RPE (Borg) Scale;- Thermal Stress Scale;- Bionsen 5030, EKF Diagnostic, Germany;- Optojump Microgate, Italy;- Hidraulic Hand Dynamometer, Saehan Corporation,

Korea;- Powertimer Newtest, Finland;- Polar Team System, Finland.

Materials test Battery

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Results of cycling group

Lower Blood Lactate Concentration in R (p<0,05)

Decrease of forearms flexor muscle strenght in T2 (p<0,006)

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Results of cooling group

*

Ѳ: p=0,062

Ѳ

High Decrease of Perceived Temperature in R (p<0,001)

High Decrease of Heart Rate in R (p<0,001)

Tendency to significantly lower RPE in R (p=0,062)

Faster Reaction Time in R and T2 (p<0,001)

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Conclusion

  Recovery Interventions don’t seems to improve player’s muscolar or metabolic performance...

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Conclusion

  Limits of Research:1.No Literature;2.High number of variables;3.Cooling Vest.

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Discussion

Decrease of RPE, PT, HR & RT correlated?

Wich kind of Intervention?

New COOLING Research

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Thank You!

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to all the Blits Members…NATUURLIJK!