Effects of Adolescent Cannabinoid and Nicotine Exposure...
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Effects of Adolescent Cannabinoid and Nicotine Exposure Christie Fowler, PhD Assistant Professor Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of California, Irvine [email protected]
Transcript of Effects of Adolescent Cannabinoid and Nicotine Exposure...
Effects of Adolescent Cannabinoid and Nicotine Exposure
Christie Fowler, PhDAssistant Professor
Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of California, Irvine
Disclosures
I have no competing interests to disclose.
2019 North American Cannabis Summit 2
Tobacco and Nicotine Addiction
• 6 million premature deaths each year worldwide
• 600,000 deaths second-hand exposure in non-smokers
• Quitting success rate <10% after 1 year• Main psychoactive component in
tobacco: Nicotine
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Size of a larger USB drive JUUL has 78% of market share at the end of 2018
E-Cigarettes and Adolescence
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Chadwick et al., Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2013
High Comorbidity of Nicotine and Cannabis Co-use
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Poster advertising the 1936 film Reefer Madness
Cannabis Exposure During Development
A natural and safe herb? Are there limitations to
this characterization?
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www.the-scientist.com
Drugs and the Brain
How do cannabinoids and nicotine act to
modulate function of the brain?
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THC and CBD act on
cannabinoid receptors in
the brain
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Nicotine acts on
nicotinic receptors
in the brain
16Jasinska et al. 2013 Neuropharmacology
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Nicotine is taking over the receptors in the brain, so not as much radioligand binding for a4b2 receptors
Research Question
Is adolescence a sensitive period for the
detrimental effects of drug exposure?
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Chadwick et al., Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2013
Dynamic changes in endogenous cannabinoid signaling during adolescence
Presenter
Presentation Notes
4-7 times more likely than adults to develop a marijuana use disorder: Romanowski KS, Barsun A, Kwan P, et al. Butane Hash Oil Burns: A 7-Year Perspective on a Growing Problem. J Burn Care Res Off Publ Am Burn Assoc. 2017;38(1):e165-e171. doi:10.1097/BCR.0000000000000334 Frequent adolescent use of cannabis related to decreased adult IQ May be caused by other factors – shared familial factors (e.g., genetics, family environment, SES, nutrition) Meier MH, Caspi A, Ambler A, et al. Persistent cannabis users show neuropsychological decline from childhood to midlife. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109(40):E2657-E2664. doi:10.1073/pnas.1206820109
Human and rodent development
2019 North American Cannabis Summit 19Yuan et al., J Physiology, 2015
Adolescent Drug Exposure Paradigm
2019 North American Cannabis Summit 20Yuan et al., J Physiology, 2015
PND 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 70
ControlNIC – NicotineWIN – Cannabinoid receptor agonistNIC/WIN – Nicotine and WIN co-exposure
Cannabinoid exposure in females, but not male, decreases body weight in adolescence
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Research Question
Does adolescent nicotine and/or cannabinoid exposure alter the ability to learn an operant task
in adulthood?
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Adolescent drug exposure does not alter operant learning for food reward in males
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Adolescent drug exposure does not alter operant learning for food reward in females
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Enhanced cognitive flexibility in the reversal task in cannabinoid-exposed males
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Male Female
Research Question
Does adolescent nicotine and/or cannabinoid exposure alter affective behaviors?
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Decreased anxiety-associated behaviors in males, but not females, during adulthood
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Increased sucrose reward exhibited in cannabinoid exposed males, and an opposing effect in females
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Male Female
Group differences not found in a measure of depression
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Male Female
Research Question
Do the reward-related effects predispose groups to altered nicotine reinforcement in adulthood?
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Increased nicotine intake found in cannabinoid-exposed males, whereas decreased intake found in females
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Male Female
Summary
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In males, long-lasting effects of adolescent cannabinoid exposurelead to decreased anxiety-like behaviors, increased reward-related cognitive flexibility, and increased nicotine intake duringadulthood.
Female mice exhibited differential effects than males, withcannabinoid treatment leading to decreased weight gain duringadolescence, and decreased natural reward consumption andnicotine intake during adulthood.
Together, these data provide evidence of long-term effects ofcannabinoid exposure on later affective, cognitive and nicotinetaking behaviors in adulthood.
NIH K99/R00 DA-032543NIH DP1 DA-039658
Fowler LabValeria Lallai, PhDYasmine SherafatAngeline EugeneYen-Chu (Andrew) ChenJP FowlerAmina AhmedAndres Staben RamirezMalia BautistaEashan KothaAdriana Hernandez VasquezMiguel Ruiz RomoRachel Meek
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