Effective Presentations
description
Transcript of Effective Presentations
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Effective Presentations
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Outline
• Introduction• Getting prepared• The Presentation Sequence• Technical Details– Big, Simple, Clear, Progressive, Consistent
• Summary
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Definitions • Presentation• “Something set forth to an audience for the
attention of the mind “
• Effective• “…producing a desired result”
• Why Give A Presentation?• Inform Persuade Educate
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Fear
• Shaky hands, blushing cheeks, memory loss, nausea, and knocking knees…
• NORMAL!• Causes of the Anxiety– Fear of the unknown OR loss of control– No backup plan– No enthusiasm for subject– Focus of attention
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Effective Presentations
• Control anxiety – Don’t fight it• Audience centered• Accomplishes objective• Fun for audience• Fun for you• Conducted within time frame
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Planning Your Presentation1. Determine purpose
– What do you want to accomplish?2. Know your audience !!!
– Success depends on your ability to reach your audience– Size– Demographics– Knowledge level– Motivation– Why are they attending?– What do THEY expect?
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More Planning3. Plan Space
– Number of attendees and seats– Seating arrangement– Lighting, and lighting controls– Audio/Visual equipment– Distracters
• 4. Organization– Determine main points (1-5)– Evidence– Transitions– Prepare outline– Prepare a Storyboard
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Still More Planning 5. Rehearse…Rehearse…Rehearse!!– In the actual room if possible– Work to a script and time your presentation– Practice Q & A– Check equipment – load your slides in advance– Make contingency plans
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Don’t Forget
• The way you– Look– Talk
• is very important
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Vocal Techniques• Loudness
– Will you be using a microphone?• Pitch
– Vary to make points• Rate
– Watch your audience• Pause for effect
– Allow time for message to “sink in”• Deviate from the norm for emphasis
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Body Language
• Make eye contact,…but move focus around the audience• Use your hands,…but don’t go crazy• If possible move around,…but slowly!• Maintain good posture• Make sure everyone can see you• DON’T speak with your back to the audience
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The Presentation Sequence
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#1: Build Rapport
• … relation marked by harmony or affinity – Audience members need to trust you and feel that
you care about them• Start before you begin– Mingle; learn names– Opportunity to reinforce or correct audience
assessment– Good first impression
• People listen to people they like
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
#2: Opening Your Presentation • Introduce yourself– Why should they listen
• Get attention, build more rapport, introduce topic– Humor– Short story– Startling statistic– Make audience think– Invite participation
• Get audience response
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#2…Completing the Opening
• Clearly defining topic• If informative…– Clear parameters for content within time
• If persuasive…– What’s the problem– Who cares– What’s the solution
• Overview
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#3: Presenting Main Points
• Make point-transition,…make point-transition,…make point-transition, etc…
• Supporting evidence• Examples• Feedback & questions from audience• Attention to, and focus on, audience…
are they listening?
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
#4 Concluding Your Presentation
• Goal• Inform audience that you’re about to close• Summarize main points– “Tell ’em What You Told ‘em.”
• Something to remember, or call-to-action• Answer questions•
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Make It Big
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Make it Big (Text)• This is Arial 12
• This is Arial 18
• This is Arial 24
• This is Arial 32• This is Arial 36
• This is Arial 44
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make it Big (Text)• This is Arial 12
• This is Arial 18
• This is Arial 24
• This is Arial 32• This is Arial 36
• This is Arial 44
Too Small
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Make It Big (How to Estimate)
• Look at it from 2 m away2 m
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Keep It Simple
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Keep It Simple (Text)
• Too many colors• TooToo Many Fonts and Styles• The 6 x 7 rule– No more than 6 lines per slide– No more than 7 words per line
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Keep It Simple (Text)
• Instructional Technology:A complex integrated process involving people, procedures, ideas, devices, and organization, for analyzing problems and devising, implementing, evaluating, and managing solutions to those problems in situations in which learning is purposive and controlled(HMRS 5th ed.)
Too detailed !
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Keep It Simple (Text)
• A process• involving people, procedures & tools• for solutions• to problems in learning• (HMRS 5th ed.)
Instructional Technology:
Much Simpler
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Falling Leaves ObservedChristchurch Dunedin Wellington
January 11,532,234 14,123,654 3,034,564February 1,078,456 12,345,567 16,128,234March 17,234,778 6,567,123 16,034,786April 16,098,897 10,870,954 7,940,096May 8,036,897 10,345,394 14,856,456June 16,184,345 678,095 4,123,656July 8,890,345 15,347,934 18,885,786August 8,674,234 18,107,110 17,230,095September 4,032,045 18,923,239 9,950,498October 2,608,096 9,945,890 5,596,096November 5,864,034 478,023 6,678,125December 12,234,123 9,532,111 3,045,654
Too detailed !
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Falling Leaves in MillionsIn 106 Christchurch Dunedin WellingtonJanuary 11 14 3February 1 12 16March 17 6 16April 16 10 7May 8 10 14June 16 0 4July 8 15 18August 8 18 17September 4 18 9October 2 9 5November 5 0 6December 12 9 3
Much Simpler
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Falling Leaves
Too detailed !
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Falling Leaves
Much Simpler
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Keep It Simple (Picture)
• Art work may distract your audience• Artistry does not substitute for content
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Keep It Simple (Sound)
• Sound effects may distract too
• Use sound only when necessary
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Keep It Simple (Transition)
• This transition is annoying, not enhancing
• "Appear" and "Disappear" are better
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Keep It Simple (Animation)
2 m
Too distracting !
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Keep It Simple (Animation)
7 ft
Simple & to the point
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Make It Clear
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Capitalisation)
• ALL CAPITAL LETTERS ARE DIFFICULT TO READ• Upper and lower case letters are easier
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Make It Clear (Fonts)
•Sanserif Z
Serif Zbusyclea
r
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Fonts)
• Serif fonts are difficult to read on screen
• Sanserif fonts are clearer• Italics are difficult to read on screen
• Normal or bold fonts are clearer• Underlines may signify hyperlinks• Instead, use colors to emphasise
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Numbers)
• Use numbers for lists with sequence• For example:
• How to put an elephant into a fridge?
• 1. Open the door of the fridge• 2. Put the elephant in• 3. Close the door
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Bullets)
• Use bullets to show a list without• Priority• Sequence• Hierarchy, …..
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Colors)
• Use contrasting colors • Light on dark vs dark on light• Use complementary colors
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Contrast)
• Use contrasting colors• Light on dark vs dark on light• Use complementary colors
low contrast
high contrast
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Contrast)
• Use contrasting colors • Light on dark vs dark on light• Use complementary colors
This is light on dark
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Contrast)
• Use contrasting colors • Light on dark vs dark on light• Use complementary colors
This is dark on light
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Complement)
• Use contrasting colors• Light on dark vs dark on light • Use complementary colors
These colours do not complement
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Complement)
• Use contrasting colors• Light on dark vs dark on light • Use complementary colors
These colours complement
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Size)
• Size implies importance
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Size)
•Size implies importance
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Make It Clear (Focal Points)
• Focal points direct attention
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Make It Clear (Focal Points)
• Focal points direct attention
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Be Progressive
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Complexity of Interactions
Mode of Instruction
Individual Pair Group
DirectInstruction
GuidedInquiry
DiscoveryLearning
IndividualInstructive
Tools
IndividualConstructive
Tools
SocialConstructive
Tools
SocialCommunicative
Tools
Informational Tools
Types of Instructional Tools
Too many in one go!
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Complexity of Interactions
Mode of Instruction
Individual Pair Group
DirectInstruction
GuidedInquiry
DiscoveryLearning
IndividualInstructive
Tools
IndividualConstructive
Tools
SocialConstructive
Tools
SocialCommunicative
Tools
Informational Tools
Types of Instructional Tools
Progressive & thus focused
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Be Consistent
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Be Consistent
• Differences draw attention• Differences may imply importance• Use surprises to attract not distract
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Be Consistent
Differences draw attention• Differences may imply importance• Use surprises to attract not distract
This tick draws attention
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Be Consistent
Differences draw attentionDifferences may imply importanceo Use surprises to attract not distract
These differences distract!
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Be Consistent
• Differences draw attention•Differences may imply importance• Use surprises to attract not distract
This implies importance
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Be Consistent
• Differences draw attention•Differences may imply importance• Use surprises to attract not distract
Confusing differences!
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Be Consistent
• Differences draw attention• Differences may imply importance• Use surprises to attract not distract
This surprise attracts
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Be Consistent
• Differences draw attention• Differences may imply importance• Use surprises to attract not distract
These distract!
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
In Summary
• Big• Simple• Clear• Progressive• Consistent
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Tips for Presenting
• Limit the number of slides– One slide per minute is the maximum *
• Practice moving between slides. • Be prepared for technical difficulties• Avoid the use of flashy transitions.
This is TOO flashy!
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
Some Final Words
• Communication is the key• Text to support the communication• Pictures to simplify complex concepts• Animations for complex relationships• Visuals to support, not to distract• Sounds only when absolutely necessary
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Jan 13, 2012 Effective Presentations
•QUESTIONS?•THANK YOU