Introduction to Ontology Development and Tools Part I: First Steps in Ontology Development
Effective Ontology Development
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Transcript of Effective Ontology Development
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Effective Ontology Development
using UML and Enterprise Architect
TDWG Technical Architecture Group – 17 Oct 2011
Sam Mancarella
Chief Technology Officer
Sparx Systems Pty Ltd
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Overview
• Ontologies in Enterprise Architect– MDG Technology for ODM– OWL / RDF
• Challenges of Ontology development– Collaboration, Maintenance, Reuse, Scale– How Enterprise Architect meets them
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…but first…
an introduction to Sparx Systems and Enterprise Architect
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Sparx Systems
• Established in 1998• Leading provider of modeling tools
– Support for Integrated Development Environments (IDEs)– Support for industry-standard modeling languages, technologies
and frameworks (UML, SysML, BPMN, SoaML, TOGAF)
• Representation in over 60 countries– Value-added resellers (solution providers)– Resellers, Training Partners– Sister companies (Japan, Central Europe, Sth America, NZ)
• Headquartered in Creswick (central Victoria, Australia)
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Enterprise Architect
• UML 2.3 powered, team-based modeling environment– Full lifecycle management– Business modeling, Systems engineering, Enterprise
architecture, Requirements management, Software design– Scaleable, High-performance, Multiuser– Visual Execution Analysis, Simulation– Template-based reporting (RTF, HTML)– Code generation/roundtrip support for > 10 languages– Extensible, Customizable
• Over 250,000 active licensees worldwide• Award Winning
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Enterprise Architect
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MDG Technology for ODM
• Based on Ontology Definition Metamodel– OMG Standard (May 2009) V 1.0– UML Profiles for RDF, OWL– Diagram Types, Construct Toolboxes,
Import/Export Script
«owlOntology»species
+ Definition
+ Facts
tagsnamespaceDefinition.namespacePrefix = speciesnamespaceDefinition.namespaceURI = http://myOntologies.com/species/versionInfo = 1.0
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MDG Technology for ODM 2
Toolbox
Diagram Type
Property Definition
Subtyping
Semantic Relationship
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MDG Technology for ODM 3
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MDG Technology for ODM 4
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MDG Technology for ODM 5
• Facts (ie: Things)– owlIndividual Instances of owlClasses
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Challenges of Ontology Definition
• Scale
• Ontologies can get really big!– 30,000+ artifacts in NCI Thesaurus
• Difficult to Maintain
• Need to Reuse
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Challenges – Scale 2
• What’s changed between revisions?
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Challenges – Scale 2
• Model Differencing (add, delete, change, move)
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Challenges – Scale 2
• Visual Differencing
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Challenges – Scale 3
• How can we reuse what we’ve already done again?
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Challenges – Scale 3
• Model Patterns (reusable model fragments)• Copy-paste between multiple instances
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Challenges of Ontology Definition
• Teamwork
• Multiple people develop ontologies– SMEs, Analysts, Practitioners, Stakeholders
• All have a say in ontology development
• Need to contribute value
• Need to use the ontology
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Challenges – Teamwork 2
• Team Review (conversations about the model, in the model)
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Challenges – Teamwork 3
• Fully Customizable Environment
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Challenges – Teamwork 4
• Project Planning, Resourcing, Management
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Challenges – Teamwork 5
• Project Audit (who changed what, when?)
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Conclusion
• MDG Technology for ODM:– RDF & OWL support in Enterprise Architect– owlClass, owlObjectProperty, owlIndividual– Subclassing, Restriction (cardinality, value)– Semantics, Facts
• Ontology development challenges– Scale (reuse, baselines, model comparison, manage change)– Teamwork (team review, customize, audit, project management)
• Enterprise Architect provides best-of-breed tools to:– Mitigate design complexity– Enable greater stakeholder enablement– Ensure design correctness/completeness/relevance
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Learn More?• Enterprise Architect 9.1 Trial
http://www.sparxsystems.com/products/ea/trial.html
• Reviewer’s Guide [whitepaper]http://sparxsystems.com/downloads/whitepapers/EAReviewersGuide.pdf
• MDA Overview [whitepaper]http://www.sparxsystems.com/bin/MDA%20Tool.pdf
• Deployment of EA [whitepaper]http://sparxsystems.com/downloads/whitepapers/EA_Deployment.pdf
• Sparx Systems Communityhttp://community.sparxsystems.com/
• SparxSystems YouTube Channelhttp://www.youtube.com/user/SparxSystems