Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing CHAPTER EIGHTH EDITION Evaluating Staff Performance...

Effective Leadership and Effective Leadership and Management in NursingManagement in Nursing

CHAPTER

EIGHTH EDITION

Evaluating Staff Performance

18

Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan

Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes

1. Describe criteria that can be used to evaluate staff performance.

2. Discuss different methods used to evaluate performance.

3. Describe problems to expect when evaluating performance.


Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes

4. Explain how to use critical incidents to improve annual evaluations.

5. Explain how to conduct a performance appraisal interview.


Criteria for Performance Criteria for Performance EvaluationEvaluation

• The performance evaluation should:– Address different performance

dimensions– State specific criteria to be evaluated– Include the individual's goals for the

year based on the previous year's evaluation


Results-Oriented SystemsResults-Oriented Systems

• Organizational focus on the bottom line• Objectives quantifiable, objective,

easily measured• Employees know in advance what is

expected


Results-Oriented EvaluationsResults-Oriented Evaluations

• Work objectives established at beginning of evaluation period– Defined in concrete, quantifiable terms– Have specific time frame

• Focus of appraisal is how well employee has accomplished objectives

• Being used more frequently in health care, with emphasis on outcomes


Behavior-Oriented Rating ScalesBehavior-Oriented Rating Scales

• Employees and managers develop the tool

• Critical incidents stated as measurable, quantifiable job behaviors

• Similar critical incidents are grouped together as performance dimensions


Evidence of PerformanceEvidence of Performance

• Peer review• Self-evaluation• Group evaluation• Manager's notes and evaluation


Performance Appraisal ProblemsPerformance Appraisal Problems

• Leniency error• Recency error• Halo error• Ambiguous evaluation standards• Written comments


Leniency ErrorLeniency Error

• Managers overrate staff's performance.– "I want my nurses to like me." – "It's difficult to justify giving someone a

low rating."

• Problems– If mediocre staff have lenient ratings, it

is difficult to take corrective action or discipline

– Demoralizing to the best staff nurses


Recency ErrorRecency Error

• Evaluator recalls recent performance and tends to forget more distant events

• Performance rating reflects what staff demonstrated lately rather than over entire evaluation period

• Problems– Legal– Motivational


Halo ErrorHalo Error

• Manager assigns ratings based on overall impression

• Some staff rated above average across dimensions, others rated average, others rated below average on all dimensions


Ambiguous Evaluation StandardsAmbiguous Evaluation Standards

• Managers attach different meanings to words such as "outstanding"

• Addressed in two ways:– Group of managers agrees on level of

performance necessary for each dimension and communicates that to employees

– Rating form includes example of behavior for each level of performance


Written CommentsWritten Comments

• Written comments tend to be few, vague, and general

• Task is difficult and time consuming when left to the end of the evaluation period

• Regular note taking can reduce the problems


Critical IncidentsCritical Incidents

• Reports of behaviors that are out of the ordinary, either positive or negative

• Include four items:– Employee's name– Date and time of incident– Brief description of what occurred– Nurse manager's comments


Critical IncidentsCritical Incidents

• Recorded as they occur• Increase accuracy of appraisals


Performance AppraisalPerformance Appraisal

• Make notes about staff's behavior• Complete performance appraisal form• Schedule and document results of

formal appraisal interview• Provide follow-up sessions with

coaching and/or discipline


Figure 18-1 Decision tree for evaluating performance.

Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing CHAPTER EIGHTH EDITION Evaluating Staff Performance...

Documents

Transcript of Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing CHAPTER EIGHTH EDITION Evaluating Staff Performance...