“Effective C#” Brendan Duffy ++ And a little VB. dotNET solutions Wagner Effective C# Addison...

“Effective C#”

Brendan Duffy

++And a little VB

dotNET solutions

Wagner

• Effective C#• Addison Wesley• 300 pages

dotNET solutions

If you're interested in, or currently working with, .NET and are tempted to skip past this book as Just Another C# Reference Book, think again. Wagner's book is a great resource because it covers concepts which run across the entire .NET Framework regardless of which language you're working with. While this book focuses on C#, VB.NET developers can benefit from some of the text within as well.

Excerpts from Jim Holmes review, Dayton .NET Users Group

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I also think this book speaks to a wide range of readers. Seasoned developers will blow through this content, fine-tuning their coding methods or starting new ones. …New developers also can greatly benefit from this book by using it to properly form development habits early in their careers.


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Wagner's writing style is clear and concise. He occasionally comes across as brusque … but those instances are few and far between. The rest of the book's voice is terrific. More important is the weight of Wagner's knowledge and experience. One real drawback is a large number of typographical errors, … I would have expected better proofreaders at AW.


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The book is well organized into six chapters, each hitting a specific area in C#. Within each chapter, Wagner covers six to ten items, each item focusing on one specific "mini topic," as Wagner calls them. Each item includes code snippets to demonstrate recommended approaches.


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Balena and Dimauro

• Practical Guidelines and Best Practices for Microsoft Visual Basic and Visual C# Developers

• Microsoft Press• 570 pages

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This book, which is language agnostic, contains a large number of items, which ranging from a brief few lines to several pages in length. The breadth of the coverage is extensive and allows easy scanning. The guidelines are easy to understand with a limited number that are debateable. Almost all items include a concise paragraph outlining why the practice is recommended. The writing style is clear and avoids the cookbook style, only including code snippets where needed.

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“Most recommendations are very practical and can easily be applied immediately. In addition many of the suggestions are put in context with a brief discussion over the pros and cons. … The book's tailored towards practicality. It is simply structured, uses basic and direct language and takes clear positions. That makes it easy and fun to read - yet it provides remarkably good information, not firstly on grand concepts, but on many small things that often get overlooked. It's the sort of book you take where ever you go when you just have a couple minutes to read. Open a random page and always get a little ‘aha’”.

Excerpt from an Amazon review

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Excerpt from an Amazon review

“This is an intermediate level book. It is intended for the programmer who knows the language but is moving up to bigger projects. … Your own experience will likewise lead you to programming methods that may differ from their Guidelines. … On the whole, any programmer reading this book will come away with some guidelines of the ‘Gee, why didn't I think of that’ variety.”

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Always use _____ instead of accessible data members.

a) Variables

b) Properties

c) Methods

d) Delegates

Effective C#, Wagner, p 1

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The Option Strict directive.

When should you use Option Strict Off?

Practical Guidelines and Best Practices, Balena & Dimauro, p 10

Projects and Solutions, 23 items

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Prefer _____ to const.

a) set

b) mutable

c) get

d) readonly


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Line Wrapping.

What is the shortcut key for toggling word wrapping in VS?


Spaces and Indentation, 8 items

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Prefer the is or as operators to _____ .

a) equivalence

b) assignment

c) casts

d) down casting


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TODO and HACK comment tokens.

How do you toggle display of these items in the task list window?

Practical Guidelines and Best Practices, Balena & Dimauro, p29

Comments, 19 items

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Use _____ instead of #if.

a) #define

b) Conditional attributes

c) String formatting

d) Regex expressions


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CLS compliant assemblies

Does VB play well with this attributte?


Assemblies and Resources, 14 items

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Always provide _____ ( ) .

a) Equals

b) GetHashCode

c) ToString

d) MemberwiseClone


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First level namespace.

What should you use as a first level namespace?


Namespaces, 12 items

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_____ value and reference types .

a) Convert between

b) Distinguish between

c) Derive from

d) Overload constructors for


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Nested types.

Should they be public?


Types, 24 items

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Prefer _____ value types.

a) Nullable

b) Transactional

c) Polymorpic Granular

d) Immutable atomic


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Base classes vs interfaces.

Which should you favour?


Inheritance, 21 items

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Understand the pitfalls of _____ .

a) ToString

b) GetHashCode

c) Equals

d) MemberwiseClone


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Interface immutability.

Are there exceptions?


Interfaces, 19 items

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Ensure that _____ is a valid state for reference types.

a) 0

b) null

c) NaN

d) Error


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Equals overload in value types.

Is this a performance issue?


Structures, 7 items

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Prefer _____ loops.

a) do

b) for

c) foreach

d) while


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Member names in an enum type.

Should they have a common prefix?


Enum Types, 13 items

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Prefer variable _____ to assignment statements.

a) methods

b) properties

c) initializers

d) modifiers


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Invoking a method through reflection.

What is the most efficient way to achieve this?


Attribute Types and Reflection, 12 items

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Utilize constructor _____ .

a) chaining

b) Return values

c) Default parameters

d) linking


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Hungarian notation.

What is the real purpose of hungarian notation?


Fields and Variables, 27 items

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Utilize _____ for resource cleanup.

a) destructors

b) dispose

c) using

d) finalizers


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Properties that return arrays.

How do you make the elements of an array immutable?


Properties, 14 items

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Minimize _____.

a) Garbage

b) Disposes

c) Generations

d) instances


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Factory method names.

How should you name factory methods?


Methods, 35 items

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Minimize _____.

a) Stack size

b) structs

c) Early-binds

d) boxing


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Calling virtual methods from inside a constructor.

Will this work?


Constructors, 19 items

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Implement the standard _____ pattern.

a) Dispose

b) Garbage Collection

c) Finalize

d) Resurrection


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Dispose vs Close method.

When should you use the Close method name instead of Dispose?


Dispose and Finalize methods, 11 items

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Prefer defining and implementing interfaces to _____.

a) inheritance

b) polymorphism

c) encapsulation

d) abstraction


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Events in serializable classes

Why do you need to Implement ISerializable in this case?


Delegate and Events, 23 items

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Express callbacks with _____ .

a) Unsafe code

b) events

c) Delegates

d) interop


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Go to keyword.

Where is this OK to use?


Execution Flow, 26 items

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Define outgoing interfaces with _____ .

a) Events

b) delegates

c) MarshallByRef

d) Sinks


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Rethrowing original exceptions.

How is this done, and where?


Exception Handling, 29 items

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Avoid _____ references to internal class objects.

a) creating

b) returning

c) disposing

d) Calling


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Conversion of boolean values to integers.

Why should this be avoided?


Numeric Types, 17 items

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Prefer _____ to imperative programming.

a) Procedural

b) Declarative

c) Generic

d) Templated


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Language-specific string functions. [VB]

Are the any disadvantages to using these?


Strings, 25 items

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Prefer _____ types.

a) Serializable

b) Synchronized

c) Transactional

d) Hydrated


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Large arrays of boolean values.

What is a more memory-efficient type?


Arrays and Collections, 21 items

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Implement _____ relationships with IComparable and IComparer.

a) ordering

b) predicate

c) logical

d) equivalence


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Weak reference objects.

How should you use and expose these objects?


Memory Usage, 12 items

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Avoid _____.

a) ISerializable

b) ICloneable

c) IList

d) ISortable


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DateTime serialization.

What strategies can be used to prevent time-zone shifts?


Files, Streams and XML, 14 items

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Avoid _____ operators.

a) overloaded

b) ternary

c) bitwise

d) conversion


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Signed interop assembles.

How do you generate a strong-named interop assembly?


PInvoke and COM Interop, 19 items

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Prefer CLS compliant _____.

a) Properties

b) Methods

c) Classes

d) Assemblies


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Asynchronous delegates.

How are these used?


Threading, 23 items

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Prefer small, simple _____.

a) functions

b) assemblies

c) identifiers

d) comments


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Global error handlers.

How do you implement these?


Windows Forms Applications, 37 items

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Prefer smaller, cohesive _____.

a) metadata

b) methods

c) assemblies

d) properties


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Batch commands for SQLServer queries.

How does the SQLDataReader work with a batch?


ADO.NET Programming, 47 items

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Limit _____ of your types.

a) instances

b) lifetime

c) scope

d) visibility


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Accepting uploaded files from the user.

What do you need to do to have the HTMLInputFile control work as expected?


ASP.NET Web Forms Applications, 67 items

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Create _____ Web APIs.

a) Atomic

b) Granular

c) Large-grain

d) Aggregated


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Support for proxy servers.

How should you implement this?


ASP.NET Web Services, 13 items

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Use the standard _____ mechanism.

a) exception

b) configuration

c) interop

d) reflection


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Static members.

Why should you avoid these?


Serviced Components, 21 items

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Utilize and support _____.

a) Validation

b) Standard registry keys

c) Server side cursors

d) Data binding


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Exchanging data between different time zones.

What is the best way of doing this?


Remoting, 20 items

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Prefer _____ to custom structures.

a) xmldatadocuments

b) xmldocuments

c) datasets

d) classes


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The AllowPartiallyTrustedCallers attribute.

When should this be used?


Security, 27 items

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Utilize _____ to simplify reflection.

a) dllimport

b) attributes

c) interop

d) lutz


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Don’t overuse _____.

a) using

b) logging

c) reflection

d) interop


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Create complete _____ exception classes.

a) Generic, reusable

b) Application specific

c) Demand protected

d) MarshalByRef


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Prefer the _____ exception guarantee.

a) Focused

b) Weak

c) Global

d) Strong


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Prefer _____.

a) Unsafe code

b) Safe code

c) interop

d) Pointers


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C# - new features

• Generics• Nullable Types• Delegate Changes & Anonymous Methods• Accessor Accesibility• Iterators• Static Classes and Static Class Members• Partial Class Definitions• Friend Assemblies• Fixed Size Buffers

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Generics

• Generic Classclass SortedList<T> : where T:Icomparable<T>{ … }

• Generic Methods void Swap<T>(ref T l, ref T r){

T temp; temp = lhs; lhs = rhs; rhs = temp; } • Generic Interfaces• Generic Delegates

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Nullable Types

• Used to create value types that can contain an undefined state.int? x = null;

• The HasValue property returns true if the variable is not null

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Delegate Changes

• You can assign an anonymous method directly to a delegatebutton1.Click += delegate {

MessageBox.Show( "Click!") };

• You can declare a delegate using this simplified syntax: MyDelegate<int> d = fn;

• Delegates now allow – covariant return types– Contravariant parameter types

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Accessor Accessibility

public string Name

{

get { return name; }

protected set { name = value; }

}

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Iterators

public class DaysOfTheWeek{ string[] m_Days = {"Su","Mo","Tu”,"We","Th","Fr","Sa"};

public IEnumerator GetEnumerator(){ foreach (string day in m_Days)

yield return day; } }

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Static Classes & Static Members

• No longer need to use private constructors to prevent instance construction.

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Partial Class Definitions

• To split a class definition, use the partial keyword modifier public partial class MyClass

{ public void method1() { } }

• For code generators.

• May help where multiple programmers work on a class simultaneously.

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Friend Assemblies

To expose AssyA to AssyB (only)

• Use the InternalsVisibleTo Attributte

• Must use /out switch on AssyA

• Not transitive or reflective

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Fixed Size Buffers

• Allows allocation of a fixed buffer on the stack.

public struct MyArray

{

public fixed char pathName[128];

}

• Must appear in an unsafe block

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VS2005 C# Samples

• Base Class Library

• Data Access

• Web Development

• Windows Forms

• http://msdn.microsoft.com/vs2005

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Base Class Library

• ACLChange• Compression• Console• DriveInfo• FTP• Generics• Network• RegularExpressions• Stopwatch

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Data Access• Asynchronous Queries• Attaching a database with your application• Creating and using User Defined Types with SQL Server

2005• DataReader vs. DataSet comparision• DataSet and DataTable Enhancements• Performing Batch Updates and Data Paging• Performing Bulk Updates• Reading and Writing Images from a Database• Using Factory Classes• Using Managed SPs and UDFs with SQL Server 2005• Using Multiple Active Result Sets with SQL Server 2005• Using Notifications with SQL Server 2005• Using the XML data type with SQL Server 2005• XPath and XSLT Transformations Enhancements

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Web Development

• Caching• DataAccess• DataControls• MasterPages• Membership• MenuAndSiteMapPath• Profiles• Security• TreeView• WebParts

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Windows Forms• AsynchronousTasks• ClientConfiguration• CreatingMasterDetails• PlayingSounds• UsingBindingNavigator• UsingBindingSource• UsingClickOnce• UsingDataGridView• UsingLayoutPanels• UsingMaskedTextBox• UsingMenusStatusStripsToolStrips• UsingSplitContainer• UsingWebBrowser

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Access Control List Sample

• The System.Security.AccessControl namespace provides a way to create and modify an ACL.

• ACLChange.exe

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Compression Sample

The System.IO.Compression namespace

• Allows you to compress and decompress files in the GZip format.

• Compression.exe

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Console Sample

• Framework 2.0 adds a number of new features.

• ConsoleSample.exe

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DriveInfo Sample

• Provides an easy way to access the properties of all the drives on a system.

• DriveInfoSample.exe

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FTP Sample

• The System.Net namespace adds full support for the FTP protocol

• FTPSample.exe

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Generics Sample

The System.Collections.Generic namespace

• Allows flexible reusable code using generic types.

• Provides generic collection classes for type safe collections.

• GenericsSample.exe

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NetworkInfo, NetworkChange and Ping Sample

• The new NetworkInfo class provides access to a wealth of network related information

• The NetworkChange class provides notification when the IP address of a network interfaces changes.

• The Ping classes provide a way to determine whether a remote computer is accessible.

• NetworkSample.exe

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Regular Expressions Sample

• The System.Text.RegularExpressions namespace make it easy to use the regular expression syntax to perform complex find and parse operations on text.

• RegularExpressions.exe

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Stopwatch Sample

• The System.Diagnostics now includes a stopwatch that can be used for timing operations.

• StopwatchSample.exe

Contact

Email: [email protected]

Web: www.dotnetsolutions.com.au

Phone: 02 6161 2200

21th July 2005

“Effective C#” Brendan Duffy ++ And a little VB. dotNET solutions Wagner Effective C# Addison...

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