EEstonia: eGovernment Journey and Challenges Ahead Hannes Astok eGovernment Expert Former Member of...
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Transcript of EEstonia: eGovernment Journey and Challenges Ahead Hannes Astok eGovernment Expert Former Member of...
eEstonia: eGovernment Journey and
Challenges Ahead
Hannes AstokeGovernment Expert
Former Member of the Estonian Parliament
Hannes Astok
• 2011 – Senior eGovernment expert
• 2007-2011 – Member of the Estonian Parliament
• 2005 - Programme Director, municipal and regional eGovernance, e-Governance Academy
• 1998-2005 Deputy Mayor, Tartu City Government
What is E-Governance Academy?
e-Governance Academy (eGA) is a non-profit organisation for the creation and transfer of knowledge concerning e-governance.
Activities:• Research & Analysis • Training • Consultancy
Programs:• Central government program• eDemocracy program• Municipal eGovernance program
www.ega.ee
Population
• Population: 1.351 million• Area: 45,229 km• Population density: 30 inhabitants per km2 • Urban population: 69.3% • Rural population: 30.7%
www.ega.ee
Key elements of Estonian eGovernment
1. Single ID numbers for citizens, businesses, property, etc.
2. Government interoperability environment x-road
3. Digital registries with legal meaning
4. Identification infrastructure: national eID and mobileID, digital signature and time stamp
5. Secure citizen portal www.eesti.ee
6. Secure document exchange portal
Reform of Government Registries 1 Weberian Bureaucracy + Internet
Reform of Government Registries IIOne Stop Shop approach
Reform of Government Registries IIIIntegrated E-Government
INT
ER
OP.
PO
RTA
L
The reasons for success
• General consensus among main forces in Estonian society
• Commitment of political elites• Supportive legislation• Right mix of private and public initiative• Active role of government• Project based development• Little baggage of previous practices
Databases
• Almost every governmental data is today in digital mode. Digitzation starts at 1993.
• Digital data is primary, paper record is copy.• Single entry of the data: on datum is only in one
database. All institutions must use interoperability
• Legislative basis and the legal meaning of the data.
• High demands to data security, access control, data storage and security copies quality.
13 April 2010 www.ega.ee
550 org.
5 110 DB
~ 400 000users
~ 45 000users
200 DB1,100,000
Government interoperability 2001
National chip-based Identity Card e-ID (2002)
• Estonian electronic ID card is the first compulsory national document.
• It serves for visual and electronic authentication purposes.
www.ega.ee
Currently as 5 April 2012
Active cards: 1,163,918 (86% of citizens)
Digital signatures: 75,5 millions
Electronic authentications: 131,4 millions
National chip-based Identity Card e-ID
E-ID is also:• E-health card• Driving licence• Bus ticket• i-Bank access cardCan used as:• Door access card• Library card• etc
Mobile ID (2007)
Mobile ID is development of traditional ID-card-based electronic authentication and digital signature in mobile phone
• ID card (PIN 1,2)• ID card reader• PC with ID card reader and ID card
• Mobile-ID SIM card (PIN 1,2)• Mobile phone• Any PC connected to public Internet
Interneti-
pankInterneti-
pank
ID-card versus Mobile ID
Governmental portal www.eesti.ee (2000)
Governmental portal is the single access point for citizens and businesses to the governmental and municipal electronic services.
The portal provides • information • manuals• downloadable and printable application forms• electronic on-line application forms
Other components
• Document exchange portal, allowing officials to exchange digital documents
• High-speed data networks, mainly provided by private data companies
• Unique standards for system architecture, allowing databases exchange data in universal digital mode
• Security and logging systems for private data protection purposes
• etc
Internet infrastructure
• Internet infrastructure is provided by private companies
• Government assistance programmes to speed up broadband infrastructure development
EstWIN network
• PPP – government and Telcos• Basic fiberoptical network to rural areas• Only market failure areas (no cities)• Connecting village and small cities centers to existing basic
network• Service – rent of dark fibreTo be built:• ca 6000 km fiberoptical cables• ca1400 network end points (with equipment shelf)Project schedule 2009 – 2015Project cost ca 64 M EUR• EU – 90%• Government and partners – 10%
E-Cabinet• In August 2000, the Government of Estonia, as a
world pioneer, changed its Cabinet meetings to paperless sessions using a web-based document system.
Tax declarations on-line Estonia (2000)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
0102030405060708090
100
9
21
36
59
7482 86 89 91 93 93 94
% e-declarations
Success of e-tax
• Good usability• Data already submitted by tax department
(automated data transfer from companies)• Pre-filled tax declaration: you fill your application
for on 5-10 minutes• Government promise: tax return money transfer
on 5 days
Internet voting (2005)• January 2005 – pilot on local consultation• October 2005 – municipal elections
~ 80% of voters had a chance to vote via Internet
~2% of voters used that possibility
Total internet votes 9 317 • October 2009 – internet voting in municipal elections• Overall turnout 61% • ~ 85% of voters had a chance to vote via Internet • 9,5% of voters used that possibility• 15,7% of votes given on-line
Total internet votes 104 413
National parliamentary elections 2011
• Eligible voters 913 346
• Overall turnout 63,5%
• ~ 90% of voters had a chance to vote via Internet
• 15,3% of voters used that possibility
• 24,3% of votes given on-line
Total internet votes counted 140 846
Presentage of counted e-votesand e-voters Estonia
1,9
5,5
14,7 15,8
24,3
0,93,4
6,5
9,5
15,3
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2005 Loc 2007 Gen 2009 EP 2009 Loc 2011 Gen
% of eVotes
% of eVoters
Number of counted e-votesEstonia
9 287
30 243
58 614
104 313
140 846
0
20 000
40 000
60 000
80 000
100 000
120 000
140 000
160 000
2005Loc
2007Gen
2009 EP
2009Loc
2011Gen
Nr of e-votes
New challenges
• More services for citizens and businesses!• World goes mobile!• Social media and web 2.0• E-Democracy
– On-line democracy– Participative democracy
The tomorrow of e-government
• Integration of different levels of government in service provision
• 24/7 government• “Do it yourself” government• Almost all applications are mobile
Some working examples of integrated
e-government:
Examples of e-services
• Parential leave benefit claim– 18 data requests between 5 information
systems + calculation = 7 documents in real life = 3 minutes data input +1 mouse click
• ID card as a bus ticket• Registration of an enterprise on-line• Mobile parking for municipalities• Exam results with SMS
How to use social media (web 2.0)?
Where people hanging in the Internet?• In governmental sites?• No! - In portals• In social media: Facebook, Odnoklassniki, QQ,
SecondLife, Orkut, etc
Are they writing letters?• They are sending SMS, e-mails, chatting in MSN,
calling via Skype
What is our response?
Estonian Embassy – SecondLifeBorn 2007
In Memoriam 2011
Estonian MFA in FB
www.ega.ee
Estonian MFA in Twitter
Lessons learned from EstoniaAs government: • let the private sector take initiative• promote all aspects of information society• create and maintain the legislative framework• view IT developments together with public
administrative reform• promote a project based development (more
chance for self-correction, if something doesn’t work)
• And finally, as government: take care of your culture and language (nobody else will do it for you)
www.ega.ee
Thank you for attention!
Please visit:
www.eesti.ee
e-estonia.com
www.egov-estonia.eu
www.ega.ee