Eed ettiquette and rulings

Based on work of Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid

WISD M www.wisdomislam.org | facebook.com/wisdomislamicmission GLOBAL ISLAMIC MISSION

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) and upon all his family and Companions.


عيدsomething habitual, that returns and is repeated

festival


FESTIVALS OF THE NATIONS OF NON-BELIEVERS

• Connected to worldly matters • beginning of the year • start of an agricultural season • changing of the weather • establishment of a state • accession of a ruler

• Connected to religious occasions • Christmas • New Year • Magians (Zoroastrians) festivals, such as Mahrajaan,

Nowruz,...


THE MUSLIMS ARE DISTINGUISHED BY THEIR FESTIVALS

The Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) said: “Every nation has its

festival, and this is your festival”

Two 'Eeds are exclusively for the Muslims, and that it is not permissible for Muslims to imitate the non-believers and polytheists in anything that is a distinctive part of their celebrations, whether it be food, dress, bonfires or acts of worship.


All the festivals of non-believers or

innovated festivals are Haraam

(unlawful) for Muslims , such as Independence Day celebrations, anniversaries of revolutions, birthdays, Labor Day, Teachers’ Day, and al-Mawlood al-Nabawi (Prophet’s Birthday).


The Muslims have no festivals apart from

'Eed al-Fitr and 'Eed al-Ad-haa

The Messenger of Allaah (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) came to Madeenah and the people had two days when they would play and have

fun. He said: ‘What are these two days?’ They said: ‘We used to play and have fun on these days during the Jaahiliyyah. The Messenger of Allaah (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) said: ‘Allaah

has given you something better than them, the day of Ad-haa and the day of Fitr.’” (Sunan Abu Daawood, 1134)


Ahkaam al-'Eed (Rulings on 'Eed)


Haraam (unlawful) to fast on the days of 'Eed

Abu Sa’eed al-Khudri (ra) said that the Messenger of

Allaah (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) forbade fasting on the day of Fitr

and the day of Sacrifice (Ad-haa). (Muslim, 827)

FASTING


RULING ON THE 'EED PRAYERS

• Waajib (obligatory) Hanafi scholars and Shaykh al-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah (rah)

Evidence:

“Therefore turn in prayer to your Lord and sacrifice (to Him only)” [Qur'aan, 108:2],

i.e., the 'Eed prayer and the sacrifice after it, which is an instruction, and the fact that the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) ordered that the women should be brought out to attend the 'Eed prayers, and that a woman who did not have a Jilbaab (cover) should borrow one from her sister.


Hanbalis

• Fardh kifaayah (communal obligation)

Maalikis and Shaafi’is

• Sunnah Mu’akkadah (a stressed Prophetic tradition).

They take as evidence the Hadeeth of the Bedouin which says that Allah has not imposed any prayers on His slaves other than the five daily prayers. So the Muslim should be keen to attend 'Eed prayers, especially since the opinion that it is Wajib is based on strong evidence.


TIMING OF 'EED PRAYER

The majority of scholars say that the

time for the 'Eed prayer starts when

the sun has risen above the height of a spear, as seen by the naked eye, and

continues until the sun is approaching its zenith.


DESCRIPTION OF THE 'EED PRAYER

‘Umar (ra) said: “The prayer of 'Eed and al-Ad-haa is two complete Rak’ahs (units of prayer), not shortened. This is according to the words of your Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) and the liar is doomed.”


Abu Sa’eed (ra) said: “The Messenger of Allaah used to come out to the prayer-place on (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص)

the day of Fitr and al-Ad-haa, and the first thing he would do was the prayer.”


‘Aa’ishah (ra) said: "The Takbeer (saying اكبر هللا )

of al-Fitr and al-Ad-haa is seven in the first Rak’ah and five in the second, apart from

the Takbeer of Rukoo’." (Abu Daawood)


If a person joining the prayer catches up with the Imaam during these extra Takbeeraat, he should say “Allaahu Akbar” with the Imaam, and he does not have to make up any Takbeeraat he may have missed, because they are

Sunnah, not Waajib.


RECITATION OF QUR’AAN IN 'EED PRAYERS

• Qaaf [Chapter 50] • Aqtarabat al-saa’ah [Chapter 54 • Sabbih isma rabbika’l-a’laa [Qur'aan, 87:1] • Hal ataaka Hadeeth al-ghaashiyah [Qur'aan, 88:1]

‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab (ra) said: “He(Prophet) used to recite {Qaaf. Wal-Qur’aan al-majeed} [Qur'aan, 50:1] and {Aqtarabat al-saa’ah wa anshaqq al-qamar} [Qur'aan, 54:1].

Recommended (Mustahabb) surahs


THE PRAYER COMES BEFORE THE KHUTBAH

Ibn ‘Abbaas(ra) who testified that the Messenger

of Allaah (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) prayed before the Khutbah

on 'Eed, then he gave the Khutbah. (Al-Bukhaari and Muslim)


ANYONE WHO WANTS TO LEAVE DURING THE KHUTBAH IS ALLOWED TO DO SO

‘Abd-Allaah ibn al-Saa’ib (ra) said: “I attended 'Eed with the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) and when he finished the

prayer, he said: “We will give the Khutbah, so whoever wants to sit (and listen to) the

Khutbah, let him sit, and whoever wants to leave, let him go.” (Irwaa’ al-Ghaleel, 3/96)


NOT DELAYING THE PRAYER FOR TOO LONG

‘Abd-Allaah ibn Bishr (ra) went out with the people on the day of Fitr or al-Ad-haa, and objected to the fact that the Imam came very late. He said: “At the time of the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) we would have finished by now,” and that was at the time of al-Tasbeeh .” (Al-Bukhaari )


NO Naafil prayers either before or after the 'Eed prayer


IF PEOPLE DID NOT KNOW ABOUT 'EED UNTIL THE NEXT DAY

“It was cloudy and we could not see the new moon of Shawwaal, so we started the day fasting, then a caravan came at the end of the day and told the Messenger of Allaah (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) that they had seen the new moon of Shawwaal the day before, so he told the

people to stop fasting, and they went out to pray the 'Eed prayer the next day.”

(al-Irwaa’, 3/102)


If someone misses the 'Eed prayer, the most

correct view is that he may make it up by praying two Rak’ahs.


WOMEN’S ATTENDANCE AT 'EED PRAYERS

“We used to prevent prepubescent girls from attending 'Eed prayers.... My sister asked the Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) whether there was anything wrong with her not going out [on 'Eed] if she did not have a Jilbaab. He said: ‘Let her friend give her one of her Jilbaabs so that she may witness the blessings of 'Eed and see the Muslims gathering.’”


“......but those who were menstruating were

to keep away from the prayer-

place itself.” (Al-Bukhaari, 324).


The menstruating woman should not forsake the remembrance of Allah or places of goodness

such as gatherings for the purpose of seeking knowledge and remembering

Allaah – apart from mosques.

The Hadeeth also indicates that women should not go out without a Jilbaab.


Men should check on their womenfolk when

they going out for the prayer to make sure that

their Hijaab is complete, because they are the

“shepherds” who are responsible for their

“flocks”. Women should go out in shabby clothes, not adorned or wearing perfume.


Aadaab al-'Eed (Etiquette of 'Eed)


‘Abd-Allaah ibn ‘Umar (ra) used to take a bath on the day of al-Fitr before coming to the prayer-place. (al-Muwatta’ 428)

Ghusl (taking a bath) before going out to the prayer


Sa’eed ibn Jubayr (ra) said: “Three things are

Sunnah on 'Eed: to walk (to the prayer-

place), to take a bath and to eat before coming out.”


EATING BEFORE COMING OUT

“The Messenger of Allaah (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) would not go

out on the morning of 'Eed al-Fitr until he

had eaten some dates… and he would eat an

odd number.” (Al-Bukhaari, 953)


Al-Waleed ibn Muslim (rah) said: “I asked al-Awzaa’i and Maalik ibn Anas

about saying Takbeer aloud on 'Eed.

They said: ‘Yes, ‘Abd-Allaah ibn ‘Umar(ra) used to say it aloud on the day of Fitr until the Imaam came out.’”

Abu ‘Abd al-Rahmaan al-Salami (rah) “On 'Eed al-Fitr they would say it louder than on 'Eed al-Ad-haa.” Wakee’, said: “i.e., the Takbeer.”

(Irwaa’, 3/122)


The time for making Takbeer on 'Eed al-Fitr

starts from the night of 'Eed until the

time when the Imaam comes in to lead the prayer.


THE WORDING OF THE TAKBEER

اكبرهللا اكبر هللا ال اله اال هللا هللا اكبر الحمد هللا اكبر و لل

( شيبةابن ابي مسند )

Ibn Abi Shaybah (rah), reported it elsewhere with the same Isnaad, but with the phrase “Allaahu Akbar” repeated 3 times.


CONGRATULATING ONE ANOTHER

People may exchange congratulations and good greetings on 'Eed, no matter what form the words take. E.g:-

May Allaah accept [the fast and worship] from us and from you

ا ومنكم تقبل هللا من

And other similar permissible greetings.

عيد مبارك


LOOKING ONE’S BEST FOR 'EED

“The Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) had a Jubbah that he would

wear on 'Eed and on Fridays.” (Ibn Khuzaymah, 1765).


TO GO OUT ONE BY ONE ROUTE AND COME BACK BY ANOTHER

Prophet (ملسو هيلع هللا ىلص) used to vary his routes on the day of 'Eed. (Al-Bukhaari, 986)


WARNING AGAINST WRONGDOING

Mixing of men and women in some prayer-places, streets, etc.

Music and idle entertainment

Proper Islamic dress


WISD M GLOBAL ISLAMIC MISSION

Together.. Towards.. Peace...


Eed ettiquette and rulings

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