EE1301: Intro. to Computing Systems Browsing the “World Wide Web” with Microsoft Explorer™...
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Transcript of EE1301: Intro. to Computing Systems Browsing the “World Wide Web” with Microsoft Explorer™...
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EE1301: Intro. to Computing Systems
• Browsing the “World Wide Web” with Microsoft Explorer™• File management Microsoft Windows Operating System™• Writing documents with Microsoft Word™• Preparing presentations with Microsoft Powerpoint™• Operating on spreadsheets with Microsoft Excel™• Reading and composing electronic mail, “e-mail,” with
Microsoft Outlook™
The students will learn the fundamentals of computer science including:
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CIS 106: Intro. to Computer Scienceat Pasadena City College
EE1301: Intro. to Computing Systems
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Concepts vs. Jargon
“Now this end is called the thagomizer, after the late Thag Simmons.”
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• Quantum Physics (what’s an atom?)
• Material Science (why does doped silicon behave as a semiconductor?)
• Device Physics (how does a transistor work?)
• Circuits (how do we put transistors together to get simple logic functions?)
• Logic Design (how do we get complicated logic functions from simpler ones?)
• Computer Architecture (how do we build a computer from logic functions?)
• Assembly Programming (how do we specify tasks in the form of instructions for the computer?)
• High-Level Programming (how do we specify tasks in a form that can be translated into instructions for the computer?)
Vertical Slice of Computer Engineering
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• Quantum Physics (what’s an atom?)
• Material Science (why does doped silicon behave as a semiconductor?)
• Device Physics (how does a transistor work?)
• Circuits (how do we put transistors together to get simple logic functions?)
• Logic Design (how do we get complicated logic functions from simpler ones?)
• Computer Architecture (how do we build a computer from logic functions?)
• Assembly Programming (how do we specify tasks in the form of instructions for the computer?)
• High-Level Programming (how do we specify tasks in a form that can be translated into instructions for the computer?)
EE1301
CS 1901 & CS1902
Vertical Slice of Computer Engineering
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No Hamsters, No Magic
Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.
– Arthur C. Clarke
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Examples of Computing Systems
Are all these systems “equivalent”?
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Building Digital Circuits
Intel 4004(1971)
Intel “Nehalem”(2008)
~2000 gates
~2 billion gates
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1 transistor (1960’s) 2000 transistors(Intel 4004, 1971)
2 billion transistors(Intel Chip, 2013)
Boxes inside Boxes [inside boxes…]
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Integrated Circuits
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
circuit1
What do integrated circuits do? • accept zeros and ones as inputs;• produce zeros and ones as outputs.
inputs outputs
⋮ ⋮
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Integrated Circuits
Why do we want this? • zeros and ones represent information;• circuit performs computation.
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
circuit1
⋮ ⋮
inputs outputs
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Integrated Circuits
How do we build (design) such circuits? • hierarchically, from components.
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
circuit1
⋮ ⋮
inputs outputs
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All (or mostly) About “Bits”
0 1
zero one
false true
off on
open closed
not asserted asserted
not set set… …
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Truth Tables
Example
8 rows3 variables
4 rows2 variables
2m rowsm variables
264 rows64 variables
1 1 1 1
0000111
0011001
0101010
0001010
x1 x2 x3 f
⋮ ⋮
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“AND” gate
0001
Common Gate:
1x
2x
g0011
0101
1x 2x g
Logic Gates
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“OR” gate
0011
0101
0111
Common Gate:
1x
2x
g
1x 2x g
Logic Gates
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“NAND” gate
0011
0101
1110
Common Gate:
1x 2x g
Logic Gates
1x
2x
g
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“NOR” gate
0011
0101
1000
Common Gate:
1x 2x g
Logic Gates
1x
2x
g
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“XOR” gate
0011
0101
0110
Common Gate:
1x
2x
g
1x 2x g
Logic Gates
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A Computing System…
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Technology and Society
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“A person's mental activities are entirely due to the behavior of nerve cells, glial cells, and the atoms, ions, and molecules that make them up and influence them.”
– Francis Crick, 1982
Astonishing Hypothesis
“That the astonishing hypothesis is astonishing.”
– Christophe Koch, 1995
The Astonishing Part:
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Domains of Expertise
• Vision• Language• Abstract Reasoning• Farming
Human
Circuit
• Number Crunching
• Mining Data• Iterative
Calculations
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Language as a Window into the way the Brain Works
Steven Pinker, Harvard
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Circuits & Computers as a Window into our Linguistic Brains
CircuitBrainConceives of circuits and
computation by “applying” language.
Lousy at all the tasks that the brain that
designed it is good at (including language).
?