EE 106 DC Generators - 123seminarsonly.com...•Separately-Excited •Self-Excited –Series...
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EE 106 DC Generators
Part 3
• Separately-Excited
• Self-Excited
– Series
– Shunt
– Compound
• Long shunt
• Short shunt
Types of DC Generators
Separately Excited DC Generator
The Magnetization Curve:
Example 1:
Self-Excited Shunt Generator
Equivalent Circuit:
Compound Generator
• Short shunt: • Long Shunt:
Self-Excited DC Generator: Voltage Build-up
Family of Field-resistance Lines and Corresponding Operating Points
Effect of Speed on Voltage Build-up
Example 2:
a) From the curve, 156 V -> 4.7 A (approx.)
b) From the curve, 140 V -> 3.2 A (approx.)
c)
Establishing arbitrary points:
The arbitrary points: (0 A, 0 V) & (2.1 A, 100 V)
Drawing a straight line, the intersection is 130 V.
d) Draw a tangent line (the critical resistance line) and use arbitrary point on the line:
e)
Plotting the above points as portion of the curve, the intersection with the field-resistance line is approximately
116 V.
f)
***End of the Problem ***
Example 3
The Generated Voltage of Compound DC Generators:
Example 4
Series-Field Diverter
Example 5
Losses in DC Generators:
Total Losses
Copper Losses
Mechanical Losses
Iron Losses
• Armature Cu Loss • Field Cu Loss
• Hysteresis • Eddy Current
• Friction Loss • Windage Loss
Power Flow Diagram of a DC Generator
Power Stages and Efficiency of DC Generators
Paralleling DC Generators
Procedure: 1. Close the generator disconnect switch of the incoming
machine. 2. Start the prime mover and adjust it to rated speed 3. Adjust the voltage of the incoming machine to be a few volts
higher than the bus voltage 4. Close the generator breaker. 5. Turn the shunt field rheostat of the incoming machine in the
“raise voltage” direction, and that of the other machine or machines on the bus in the “lower voltage” direction until the desired load distribution is attained. Load distribution is indicated on the respective ammeters; wattmeters are not used.
One-Line Diagram:
Division of Incoming Bus-Load Between DC Generators in Parallel
• For optimum performance, the voltage regulation should be the same.
• For stability of operation, the voltage regulation should be between 3 and 8 percent.
Characteristic Triangle as a Tool for Solving Load-Distribution Problems:
rated
ratedbus
I
VRV
I
V 100
Example 6
Fig. 12.19:
a)
Example 7
- End of Part 3 -