REPORT ONEDUCATION INDUSTRY

SUBMITTED TO: SIR. AFAQ ALI KHAN

BY:

Mohammad Jahangir Athar Syed Fasih-Ud-Din Ali Akbar

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Introduction• History• Overview• Importance• Statistics (sources)• Standard of Education• Policies of Government(sources)• Implementations(sources)• Achievements of Pakistani Students(Sources)• UNO• UNICEF• Advices of Leaders• Core Strategic Targets (s)• Socio- Economic Impact• Forward & Backward Linkages• SWOT Analysis• Problems• Recommendations• Events In Pakistan on Education Industry In

2008.(s)

INTRODUCTION

Excess to basic education is the right of every individual. Education is the driving force of growth and progress in an increasingly interconnected and globalizing world.Developing countries where majority of the world’s population resides needs to maximize on productivity and capabilities of advanced human capitals At the country level education means strong economic growth due to productive and skilled labor force. At individual level education strongly co-related to higher returns in earning and more informed and aware existence.Education empowers people to defend and pursue there rights.Education is the most effective tool use to empower women and promote tolerance within a society

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IMPORTANCE

Importance of education in the coming years is recognized as a necessary ingredient for sustainable economic growth. Education is seen as the key to better quality of life as well as means of providing a new set of skills required for the future years.Investment in human capital prepares the critical mass of educated man power on the 1 hand and on the other hand prepares future leaders in various fields to steer successfully the country through thick and thin. Education enables individual to make informed choices broaden there horizons and opportunities and to have a voice in public decision making.Education is one of the most important factor that acts as a counter weight to social and economical mobility imposed by culture and historical biases.Education shifts economy from primary industry to secondary industry and then further to turshiry Industry.

HISTORY

OVERVIEW

Education Industry is overall driving force of different industries of Pakistan.Currently Pakistani Government is expanding 2.1% of its GDP till 2004 - 2005Where As India has contributed 4.1% of its GDP in Education Industry, Nepal is Contributing 3.4% in Education Industry & Bangladesh is contributing 2.4% on its Education Industry. Pakistan is the land of approx. 160 million inhabitants & the literacy rate is around 53%, where 40% are female & 60 to 65% are male 44% in rural and 72% in Urban. According to Education census 2005 there are currently 227791 institutions in the Country the overall enrollment is recorded at 33.4 millions with a teaching staff of 1.357 millions. Out of total institutions, (151744) 67% is of public sector .Out of total Institutions (167446) that is 74% is located in the rural areas.(60345) 26% is located in urban areas.

LIST OF UNIVERSITIES

Region Universities Public Private

AJK 3 1 2

Balochistan 6 5 1

Islamabad 17 14 3

Northern Areas

1 1  

NWFP 21 12 9

Punjab 36 19 17

Sindh 38 13 25

Total 122 65 57

LITERACY RATE (2004- 2005)

Table 11.2 Literacy rates (10 years and above) for Pakistan and Provinces 2004-05 (%)

Province/ Area

Total

Male

Female

Pakistan 53 65 40

Punjab 55 65 44

Sindh 56 68 41

NWFP 45 64 26

Balochistan

37 52 19

Source: PSLM 2004-05

BUDGET FOR EDUCATION

According to economic bulletin the share of public expending on education is 2.42% of GDP for 2008(i.e. Rs250billion approx).Education sector gets Rs 21,480.450 million LAHORE (June 15, 2007): The Punjab government has allocated Rs 21,480.450 million to education sector in the province's budget 2007-08, which is 72% higher than that of financial year 2006-07 (Rs 1,2480m). It also includes Rs 5,000 million for the World Bank assisted Punjab Education Sector Reform Programme.

POLICIES AND REFORMS

MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 1998 – 2010

EDUCATION SECTOR REFORM ACTION PLAN 2001 – 2005

THE PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2001 – 2011

PRESIDENT’S EDUCATION SECTOR REFORM

MADRASSA REFORM PROGRAMME

NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSESMENT SYSTEM (NEAS)

BASIC EDUCATION COMMUNITY SCHOOL (BELA).

MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

The Mdgs were ratified by 189 members nations in september 2000 at the millennium summitGOALS:

Achievement of universal primary education.

Achievement of ender equality. Poverty

Water supply

NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY(1998 – 2010) Aims & objectives of Education &

Islamic Education Literacy and non formal education Elementary Education Secondary Education Teacher Education Technical & Vocational Education Higher Education Information Technology Library & Documentation Services Private Sector In Education Innovative Programs Implementation Monitoring &

Evaluation.

EDUCATION SECTOR REFORM PLAN

The government is making all possible efforts and striving hard to promote the literacy situation and to achieve the universal primary education. In this endeavor, the government put forward a package entitled as Education Sector Reform (ESR) 2001-04. Amongst other objectives of ESR, it aims at improvement in the literacy rate, universalization of primary education and quality education enabling all citizens to reach their maximum potential.The current situation of the targeted indicators is shown in the table below. The targeted literacy rate set under the ESR was 60 per cent for 2005 and currently it is at 53 per cent. Though most of these targets were not achieved except for secondary school (where the higher trend in data is due to change in definition taken by PSLM) enrollment a considerable increasing trend in these indicators can be seen. 37

MADRASSA REFORM PLAN

A project titled “Madrassa Reforms” was launched in 2002-03 with the directive of the President for a period of 5 years at a capital cost of Rs. 5759.395 million. The main objective of this program is to provide financial assistance to Deeni Madaris to introduce formal subjects in their curricula. The progress made toward the goals of this reform program include, simplification of the process of registration of Madaris, the standard procedure prescribed by the Ministry of Interior to control funds has produced positive results, a large number of Madaris have applied to provincial/area governments for financial assistance under the project , 58 madaris in AJ&K have been cleared for financial assistance and a great breakthrough by the FATA administration has been made by distributing cheques to 36 registered Deeni Madaris.

OBJECTIVE OF NEAS(National Education assessment plan)

The basic objective of NEAS is to establish a system of student assessment in the Ministry of Education and to develop national capacity for conducting assessments periodically to monitor student achievement.  A small project on Immediate Requirements costing Rs.10.807 million for a period of 16 months (March 2002 to June 2003) was approved by the government and is under implementation through funds allocated under ESR program. However, since the objective cannot be achieved in a short span of 16 months, a 5 years project has been prepared for making national assessment a permanent feature of the education system even after the project period. The donors’ assistance has also been sought in the area of professional expertise of international standing, local and foreign training through twinning arrangements, implementation, pilot testing and other  assessment related areas.

NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSESMENT PLAN

National Education Assessment System (NEAS) is a World Bank funded project with a total cost of Rs. 319.364 million including foreign exchange component with World Bank share of Rs. 273.110 million. The government of Pakistan is committed to improve the quality of education at all levels. The NEAS is one of the key programs of the Ministry meant to improve the quality of education at elementary level, with the objective to measure learning achievements of grade 4 and 5 students, to develop capacity in educational assessment related activities, to institutionalization of sustainable monitoring system and information dissemination.

OBJECTIVE OF BELA(Basic Education & Literacy Authority)

In order to promote non-formal basic education, it has been decided that a fully autonomous organization under Ministry of Education namely: Basic Education & Literacy Authority (BELA) may be established. The basic objectives of the project is to supplement government’s policies with regard to UPE and basic education through extending non-formal education facilities for out of school children and youth (5-14) having no access to the formal system of education. Other objectives include:

Extending free and flexible learning opportunities to girls who are otherwise deprived of access to education due to poverty and social taboos, etc.

Establish 71815 new BEC schools ( in addition to 10185 ongoing NFBE schools) for providing primary level education across the country through the Non-Formal Education System;

A basic Education Community School (BECS) will intake capacity of 30 learners on an average. If the enrollment in a primary school exceeds 40, physical facilities of two schools (including two teachers) will be provided;

Create employment opportunities for 71815 Basic Education Community Primary School teachers, besides 728 supporting/operational staff;

Introduce non-formal approach to supplement and complement the formal stream of education for eradication of illiteracy and achievement of Universal Primary Education;

Provide second chance of primary education to mis-outs and out of school children of 5-14 years age;

Provide education in areas where formal primary school system has not been able to reach so far;

Provide free education with flexible timings (fight against child labor) to poor people living below the poverty line in Pakistan;

Empowering of rural girls who are the main beneficiaries of the basic education community schools;

Provide education to poor girls at their doorstep. Facilitate the parents to send their children to schools and become useful, peaceful and civilized future citizens of the community

HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISION

Pakistan is ranked amongst the lowest in the world in higher education enrollment rates at 2.9 percent. Other Asian developing countries, such as India and Korea, stand at 10 percent and 68 percent respectively. According to a report of the steering committee for higher education in 2001, only 2.6 percent of the students between the ages 17-23 enrolled in universities which have increased to 2.9 in 2005. The target is to double enrollment in the next five years by increasing the capacity of the existing higher education institutions and also establishing new ones. The quality of education provided is not up to the mark, which can be gauged from the fact that not a single Pakistani university is ranked among the top 500 universities of the world.

FOREIGN AID AND SUPPORT

UNICEF 2004-08 14.6

ILO 1999-05 11.42

UNDP 2004-08 9.3

UNFPA 2004-08 1.6

US AID TO TEACHERS

ISLAMABAD: A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed here today between the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and the Federal Education Directorate for a $3.4 million three-year programme to strengthen teachers’ education in Pakistan.

Funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the programme will establish a new framework for teachers’ accreditation and management in basic education. Implemented by UNESCO, the project will fundamentally reform approaches to policy, organisation, institutional roles and classroom delivery at all levels. “Education is one of the key components of our broad and growing strategic relationship with Pakistan,” said US Ambassador Ryan C Crocker.

WORLD BANK

In Pakistan’s largest province, Punjab, a combination of political leadership, reform vision and support from institutions like the World Bank is seeing early success in driving these numbers in a positive direction. Punjab is in its third year of an education reform program assisted by credits totalling $300 million from the World Bank’s concessionary International Development Association.

"It’s really exciting to see what has been achievable in a short time with the will, a plan, and sustained commitment," says task manager for the World Bank Tahseen Sayed. The program is showing significant early gains. A stipend program for girls in grades 6 to 8 targets the 15 districts of Punjab where literacy is below 40 percent. Free textbooks are being delivered on time to approximately 9 million elementary school students and a monitoring system captures data on the public education system that is regularly validated by third parties.

CONFERENCE OF UNESCO

The objective of the conference is to brief the political leadership about the state of primary education in the country in comparison to other developing countries, especially neighbours in South Asia, review progress made over the past years and identify and agree on the way forward. UNESCO and PILDAT stated that a draft declaration would be shared with the invited parties and after it is agreed, would be signed and released at the end of the APC. PILDAT is also preparing background papers for the political leadership and media to provide them some basic information about the key issues facing the ‘Education For All’ movement in Pakistan.

PROBLEMS

CommercializationNow many people are starting there own school for the sack of money. They are making this as an profession of earning.

Gender gapWe are in the 20th Century, still we are facing these gender problems in many cities of Pakistan. Girls are not sent to schools. Their parents still have the lack of importance of Education.

InfrastructureWe don’t have any Standards given by the government for the Schools, universities, colleges. Government schools doesn’t have teachers, lights, chairs or even course.

TeachersTeachers are not trained and they are not paid smart salaries as compare to private schools, which cost high to the parents

FamilyThe environment plays an important role in student’s life. Parents should take care of their responsibility towards their children in this regard.

GovernmentGovernment is not showing any prominent action in this sector, which is an core issue of Pakistan.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Gender gap can be removed by providing backward families regarding the importance of education. early age marriages and poverty is the major cause of gender gap

Educational institutes are nothing but profit making organizations and they have nothing to do with education and knowledge

Infrastructure is in the worst condition in some rural areas

Teachers in our nation is considered as after parents but are not fully dedicated to students. colleges are getting empty but coaching centres are over populated and private tuitions

Family can play a positive role in promoting educational industry by letting their childrens to get knowledge

Government can play a mass role,infact its is already playing a good role but not up to the mark.

political parties use illiterate younger to market their party and forgotten their need for education

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH: We have that potential to grow our society

(population) Pakistan have good universities Awareness of government and private sector Students wants to be educated

WEAKNESS: Less importance for education Gross & net enrolment Different standards Inequality in Quality of education Poor wage for teachers

OPPORTUNITIES: Foreign aid could be a great opportunity to

enhance our education industry Scholarships

THREATS: Population growth is greater than literacy

growth overseas employment will go to country which is more educated.

Human resource of Pakistan is not competitive.

REMEDIES

The provincial government, has also decided upon 15 percent increase in the salaries of government employees, while the pensions of government employees would be increased by 15 to 20 percent. On this increase, the provincial government has to bear an extra expense of Rs 2.5 billion.

The development programme comprises construction of new girls primary schools, launching of female education in backward districts, granting of Rs 200 per month scholarships for increasing number of girls students, and Rs 1000 monthly special allowance for teachers.

The government has also prepared a model project for provision of buses for girls. The new development schemes include establishment of new primary, middle and high schools, upgradation, repairs of school buildings, providing basic facilities like computer labs, furniture and teaching instruments.

The provincial government would provide free textbooks to both boys and girls from Nursery to Intermediate levels of education. The government would also arrange education of information technology at Intermediate level. This year, the government has sanctioned Rs 4.84 billion for 142 schemes in education sector, the minister said.

Educated youth will get stipend. Special skill programme will be launched under Navtec to impart skill to the youth. Baitul Maal Fund will cover 0.7 million households.

Government will expend 4%of its GDP in upcoming years

CONCLUSION

In short education Industry of Pakistan has the potential to grow by means of increase in literacy equality of education standards. We need to convert our foreign aids into work which will results in producing future leaders. We have the Potential to grow as a Great Nation, and education is the best tool to polish our youth. In order to meet the international standard of education, we need to contribute alot towards this sector, which will later meet the international standard demand for skilled labours and Technical both.

PRESENTATION QUESTIONS