Education and Management of Diabetics
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Transcript of Education and Management of Diabetics
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Dr. Dalia A. HamdyBPSc, MSc, PhD, RP (ACP), MRSC
II. ESTABLISHING A FOUNDATION FOR DIABETIC PATIENT SCREENING AND EDUCATION
EDUCATION & MANAGEMENT OF DIABETICS
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1. Identify Importance and applications of screening
2. List the self care recommendations for diabetic patients
3. Apply tools for patient management and follow up
4. Employ counselling skills to educate the diabetic patient
Learning Objectives
Education & Management of Diabetics (DH/AY/NK, April 16, 2014)
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Hopkins M., Silver R. Patient Self-Care. 2nd Edition. Canadian Pharmacists Association; 2010. Chapters 27 & 28
Blackburn DF, Mansell K, Arnason T . Therapeutic Choices. 2nd Edition. Canadian Pharmacists Association; 2011. Chapter 31
2013 Canadian Diabetes Association Guidelines.
http://guidelines.diabetes.ca/
References
Education & Management of Diabetics (DH/AY/NK, April 16, 2014)
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Screening every 3 years is recommended in people over 40 years of age
Annual screening is recommended in people at high risk.
High risk patients CANRISK Who fall in the table below
Individualized Screening & Diagnosis
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High risk patients
• I am 40 years old or older• Diabetes runs in my immediate family (Dad, Mom, Brother, Sister and/or children)• Either or both of my parents are Aboriginal, African, Asian, Hispanic, or South Asian• I have been told I have prediabetes• I am a woman who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy• I am a woman and at least one of my babies weighed 9lbs or more• I have heart disease (history of heart attacks, strokes, TIA (mini-strokes))• I have kidney, nerve or certain eye conditions that are associated with diabetes• I am overweight• I carry my excess weight around my belly• I have high blood pressure• My good cholesterol (HDL) blood level is low• I have high triglycerides• I have any of the following:
• Obstructive Sleep Apnea• Depression• Bipolar disorder• Schizophrenia• HIV infection• Polycystic ovary syndrome• Acanthosis nigricans
• I take certain medications including: • Anti-inflammatory steroids• Antipsychotic medications
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Early identification of prediabetes Prediabetes :
impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance an A1C of 6.0% to 6.4%, each of which places individuals at high risk of developing diabetes and its complications
Reducing the risk of developing diabetes
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“This isn’t a diet, it’s your new lifestyle.”
• Life style changes remain the most important intervention to delay the development of diabetes. • Low calorie, low fat, low saturated fat, high fibre diets • moderate intensity exercise for 150 minutes per week
Reducing the risk of developing diabetes
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Statins >40 years, macrovascular and microvascular disease>30 years + >15 years diabetics
ACEIs or ARBs Drugs of choice for treatment of hypertension in diabetics-clinical macrovascular disease- >55 years-microvascular disease- use in women (reliable contraception)
Low dose ASA-macrovascular disease
CV risk reduction for diabetic patients
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Tools suggested by CDA 2013
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Autonomy!
Tools suggested by CDA 2013
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Tools suggested by CDA 2013
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Tools suggested by CDA 2013
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Wear diabetic identification at all times
Achieve healthy lifestyle
BGL at target level
Blood pressure and Cholesterol levels at target levels
Patient Self-Care Recommendations
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Do not smoke
Exercise
Foot Care
Regular checkups doctor, dentist, eye specialist
Patient Self-Care Recommendations
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Vaccination (Influenza every winter and pneumonia once)
Attend diabetes education sessions
Patient Self-Care Recommendations
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Thank You