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Transcript of EDTECH 503 IDProject#2
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Stefanie Welty
EDTECH 503 (Fall 2009)
Instructional Design Project #2
Submitted to: Dr. Ross Perkins
December 8, 2009
Project Title: Forming an Introduction and Thesis Statement
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Table of Contents
Reflection Paper 3
Part 1: Topic -
Part 1a: Goal 5
Part 1b: Audience 5Part 1c: Rationale 5
Part 2: Analysis Report -
Part 2a.1: Learning Context 6
Part 2a.2: Transfer Context 6
Part 2b: Description of the Learners 6
Part 3: Planning -
Part 3a: List of Learning Objectives 8
Part 3b: Objectives Matrix Table 9
Part 3c: ARCS Table 10
Part 4: Instructor Guide 14
Part 5: Learning Materials -Part 5a: Learning materials 17
Part 5b: Formative and/or Summative assessment materials 17
Part 5c: Technology tool rationale. 17
Part 6: Formative Evaluation Plan -
Part 6a: Expert Review 19
Part 6b: One-to-one evaluation 19
Part 6c: Small group evaluation 19
Part 6d: Field trial 20
Part 7: Formative Evaluation Report -
Part 7a: Evaluation survey or rubric 21
Part 7b: Report of expert review 21
Part 7c: Comments on suggested changes 22
Part 8: AECT Standards Grid 24
Appendix A 30
Appendix B 32
Appendix C 33
Appendix D 34
Appendix E 35
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Synthesis Reflection Paper
I must admit that prior to this course, I did not have a solid understanding of instructional
design. As a teacher, I knew what needed to be covered according to the curriculum and I knew
how to align that curriculum to our state standards, but I never gave lesson planning much morethought. Sometimes I would be fortunate enough to come across a pre-designed unit from, but
more often than not, I found myself winging it from one lesson to the next. I never really had an
idea of where I was going until I got there and when I would get to the end, I would throw
together some form of assessment. I can now say that I truly understand why instructional
design is important.
According to Smith & Ragan (2005), “instructional design refers to the systematic and
reflective process of translating principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional
materials, activities, information resources, and evaluation” (p. 4). I can honestly say that until I
completed the design process myself, I did not truly understand this definition. From my
coursework this semester, I better understand the ID process by relating instructional design to
building a house. One must pre-assess before building a house. Land needs to be surveyed in
order to determine whether or not it is safe for a house in addition to inform helping identify the
materials needed to build the house. This is similar to the instructional design process in that the
ID must first survey the needs of the learners in order to understand what instruction needs to be
provided. Additionally, the architect must carefully map out the design of the house to be sure
that it includes the specifications for the rooms, electricity, water, heat, etc. The instructional
designer must carefully map out an instructional unit or lesson so that it includes the
specifications of objectives, instructional guide, student materials, assessments, etc. Both of
these processes require a great deal of pre-assessment and carefully detailed planning in order to
design a safe house or effective instructional unit.
ID Projects 1 & 2 in this course have taught me how valuable having an instructional
designer can be. I have learned how difficult it can be to separate the teacher from the
instructional designer and how important it is to assume nothing . Although I have always known
to survey my students ahead of time, I haven’t always done it. I now have the proof for why it is
important from ID Project #2. Earlier in the year, I took for granted that a group of my students
knew how to write a persuasive essay. Though they did have a basic understanding of the essay
form, instruction was still needed. Had I taken the time to develop a persuasive writing unit like
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I did for this project, I believe my students could have been more successful at building their
arguments. If I would have conducted a proper needs assessment, I could have developed the
appropriate materials and had a more successful unit.
ID Project #1 taught me how time consuming it is to assume that your learner or
instructor has no background knowledge of the topic. For several years I taught students how to
use digital video cameras, but until completing ID Project #1 and the flowchart, I never thought
about every single little step, how to break them down to teach them, and how they are were
connected. Of course conducting a needs assessment could eliminate some of the basics, like
turning on a video camera, but completing this project has given me a newfound respect for
instructional designers and the time and detail that goes into planning a unit.
Finally, based on the experience I have had in designing a useable instructional unit for
ID Project #2, I see the instructional design process becoming heavily incorporated into my
teaching profession. I see this system as being extremely useful for me in the future since I am in
a new teaching position this year. Utilizing the steps of the instructional design plan will help
me plan and implement a better curriculum that is balanced between content and 21st
century
technology skills. Because I now know how to conduct a needs assessment, design the
instruction and materials, and create formative and summative assessments, I can see how all of
the steps work together and why each one is equally important for a successful instructional unit.
The practice I have had by completing each of the ID Projects will help me to take a step back
from being the teacher and design solid and effective instruction for my 21st
century students.
Ragan, T. J., & Smith, P. L. (2004). Instructional Design (Wiley/Jossey-Bass Education). New
York, NY: Wiley.
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Part 1: Topic
Part 1a: Goal
Given a persuasive writing prompt and one 75-minute class period, students will write an
introduction and thesis statement for a persuasive essay that defends one side of the argument.
Part 1b: Audience
This instructional design project is intended for 8th
grade students who are enrolled in
either an English 8 or English 8 Enriched course in Pennsylvania.
Part 1c: Rationale
Writing the introduction and thesis statement for a persuasive essay was chosen as this
design project not only because of the immediate writing skills the learners are required to have
in 8th
grade, but also for the impact this project will have on the learners as they move throughout
their adult lives. Whether attending college or applying for a job, the learners will need to be
able to sell themselves or their perspective to appropriate audiences and will need to be able to
make their point within the opening paragraph which is why I am choosing to concentrate on that
aspect of a persuasive essay.
The overall strategy used in throughout this process is supplantive. This lesson is being
created for students who have not had any formal training in how to write an essay. In order to best understand the steps and processes of writing an essay, particularly the introduction and
thesis, this process is best done through supplantive instruction. Students will of course have the
opportunity to practice the preferred skills, but for the purpose of this initial lesson those
opportunities will be teacher led.
The predominant learning strategy used in this design project is concept learning. The
project focuses on this strategy because of the nature of the writing process. Students will use
other skills such as declarative knowledge when learning about the steps of writing and the
pieces that go into the introduction paragraph, however, the point of this lesson is to get students
to write their own paragraph. In order to do so, students must fully understand the concept of
writing an introduction paragraph and demonstrate on their own that they understand the concept
by writing their own paragraph.
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Part 2: Analysis Report
Part 2a.1: Learning Context
The instruction for this project will take place in an 8th
grade Language Arts classroom.
According to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, all 8th grade students are expected to have the
same knowledge and skill set for writing a persuasive essay, so this lesson can be used in any of
the 8th
grade language arts sections with appropriate accommodations or modifications for the
learners.
Part 2a.2: Transfer Context
Not only will students use the persuasive writing skills gained in this lesson throughout
their schooling, but there are additional times in life when these skills will be useful. Whenever
these learners leave school and look for a job, they may need to create a resume, write a cover
letter for an application, or prepare for an interview. The ability to gain a reader’s attention and
make them want more is a valuable skill when it comes time to sell yourself as the best candidate
for the job.
Part 2b: Description of the Learners
Each class will consist of 15-20 students who are grouped into sections according to
abilities. Regardless of the tracking or grouping of students, the instructor will have students ineach class with reading and writing levels ranging from below basis (below grade level) to
advanced (well above grade level). Special education students with Individualized Educational
Plans (IEPs) are included in the general education classroom. These students are expected to
receive the same instruction with accommodations or modifications if needed, but are also
expected to be proficient and on grade level with their writing skills. Similarly, gifted education
students are included in the general language arts classes. These students are also expected to
maintain grade level writing skills, but may require further enrichment opportunities if their
writing has already excelled that of a “typical” 8th
grade student.
In addition to the varied learning abilities, the instructor will encounter a diverse student
population. The population of this school in which the instruction will take place is
approximately 40% African American, 56% Caucasian, and 4% other minorities. Additionally,
almost 64% of the students in this building come from an economically disadvantaged
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background. It’s important to remember that learning how to write an essay is not always a top
priority for some students when they have more difficult issues to deal with outside of school.
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Part 3: Planning
Part 3a: List of Learning Objectives
1.0 When given a persuasive writing prompt, the student will correctly identify the question and
how to answer it.
1.1 Given a persuasive writing prompt, the student will carefully read the entire prompt.
1.2 After reading the given prompt, the student will determine the two opposing sides of
the topic.
1.3 After determining the possible responses to the persuasive writing prompt, the student
will choose one side of the topic to support.
1.4 After reading the given prompt, the student will identify the specific requirements for
answering the question.
1.4.1 After reading the given prompt, the student will identify how many
examples and/or reasons are required to answer the question.
2.0 Given a persuasive writing prompt, the student will brainstorm for a 5-paragraph persuasive
essay.
2.1 Given a blank sheet of paper, the student will brainstorm and write down at least three
reasons to support his or her side.
2.2 Given a blank sheet of paper, the student will brainstorm and write down possibleattention grabbing openings.
3.0 Given a persuasive writing prompt, the student will correctly write the introduction and thesis
statement for a persuasive essay.
3.1 Given a list of possible essay openers, the student will choose one attention grabbing
idea and write this for the beginning of his or her introduction.
3.1.1 Given a blank sheet of paper and attention grabbing strategy, the student
will include as much detail as necessary to support the opening statement.
3.2 Given a blank sheet of paper, the student will write his or her three reasons that will
be used to defend the chosen position.
3.3 Given a blank sheet of paper, the student will conclude the introduction paragraph by
writing a solid thesis statement.
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Part 3b: Objectives Matrix Table
Objective
Number(1)
Bloom’s Taxonomy
Classification(2)
Strategy to be
employed to teach
the objective(3)
Type of Learning(4)
1.0 Comprehension S Procedure1.1 Comprehension S Concept Learning
1.2 Knowledge S Declarative Knowledge
1.3 Evaluation G Cognitive Domain Strategies
1.4 Knowledge S Declarative Knowledge
1.4.1 Knowledge S Declarative Knowledge
2.0 Application S Concept Learning
2.1 Analysis G Concept Learning
2.2 Analysis G Concept Learning
3.0 Synthesis S Problem Solving
3.1 Application G Declarative Knowledge
3.1.1 Application G Concept Learning3.2 Synthesis G Concept Learning
3.3 Synthesis S Concept Learning
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Part 3c: ARCS Table
Project Goal Statement: Given a persuasive writing prompt and one 75-minute class period,
students will write an introduction and thesis statement for a persuasive essay that defends one
side of the argument.
ATTENTION
A.1 Perceptual Arousal
The lesson will begin with advertisements that students are familiar with to gain their
attention and introduce the topic of persuasion.
The persuasive prompt given will be one of student interest. The topic will be something
the learner can relate to. For example, 8th
grade students may be asked to persuade the
reader to visit a particular pizza restaurant in town.
A2. Inquiry Arousal
After viewing current advertisements, students will be asked to brainstorm ads or
commercials that have been effective in making them want to buy a product or participate
in a specific activity.
Before looking at different persuasive techniques, students will be asked to brainstorm
different methods that work in persuading them to do something.
A3. Variability
Examples used during the instruction will not only be in essay form, but also will be in
video, audio, and print form (advertisements).
Students will have the opportunity to brainstorm and organize thoughts through both
whole group instruction and small group instruction before being responsible for
completing the assignment individually.
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Part 3c Continued: ARCS Table
RELEVANCE
R1. Goal orientation
Topics and examples chosen will be of high-interest for each student group. Both may
vary depending on demographics of the student group.
The topic is of high importance and relevance as it is improving writing skills, an area in
which many students need instruction and practice.
Students will be shown the relevance of persuasive writing by sharing examples of job
applications, college applications, letters to the editor, junk mail, etc. so they can connect
how persuasive techniques are used outside of essay writing.
R2. Motive matching
Although the essay topic will be provided, students will choose which side of the topic to
support, what attention grabbing techniques to use, and what organizational strategy to
use for their essays.
R3. Familiarity
The instruction will be linked to learners’ previous experiences by sharing examples of
advertisements that students are familiar with and that have had an effect on them.
The essay topic will be one that students have an interest in and one from which theycould possibly even see results from their essay.
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Part 3c Continued: ARCS Table
CONFIDENCE
C1. Learning requirements
Students will not be rushed through the learning process of writing a persuasive essay.
Time will be taken to ensure each student is comfortable with each step before moving on
to the next.
C2. Success opportunities
Students will have the opportunity to first experience the content as a group. Group
brainstorming will give each student an idea of what is expected from each activity.
Students will then have the opportunity to practice each skill individually with assistance
from the teacher when needed. Once the student has successfully completed the task, the
instruction will continue.
Teachers and classmates will give positive feedback on student contributions to the
discussion and lesson activities before moving on to any constructive criticism.
C3. Personal control
Each student will be required to complete his or her own introduction and thesis
statement; therefore, the individual student is the only one who can take responsibility for
a successful assignment.
A scoring rubric, the same rubric used for the Pennsylvania State Writing Assessment,will be given to the students, explained, and used to grade the final persuasive essay.
Students will have access to this rubric from the beginning of the assignment.
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Part 3c Continued: ARCS Table
SATISFACTION
S1. Natural consequences
Once all instruction is complete, the students will have one class period to brainstorm,
organize, and beginning writing the introduction and thesis statement for the given
persuasive writing prompt.
S2. Positive consequences
The teacher and peer reviewers will provide positive feedback as well as constructive
criticism for the introduction written during the given class period.
S3. Equity
Students will be expected to meet the state standards for writing.
Students will be recognized for their accomplishments and achievements as they move
throughout the lesson before moving on to the final persuasive writing prompt.
Keller, J. M. (1987). The systematic process of motivational design. Performance & Instruction,
26 (9/10), 1-8.
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Part 4: Instructor Guide
Introduction
Gain Attention
Have students take their seats and give approximately three minutes to answer thefollowing “Bell-Ringer” question in writing: “When you hear the term persuasive writing , what
do you think of?”
Inform Learners of Purpose
Explain that the purpose of the lesson is for students to be able to successfully write the
introduction and thesis statement for a persuasive essay. You as their instructor will break down
the writing process and guide them step-by-step on how to write an introduction and thesis
statement.
Stimulate Learners’ Attention/Motivation
Refer students back to the Bell-Ringer and have volunteers share their responses. Record
their ideas of persuasive writing for the class to see and for future reference. Explain to students
that persuasive writing does not only come in the form of essays. At this point share with
students several examples of persuasive writing. Use examples of a video advertisement, a print
advertisement, and a job or college application in which the applicant must “sell his or her self”.
Use examples that the students are familiar with. Brainstorm ideas about why and how each
example is a form of persuasion.
Preview the Learning Activity
Review the two-day structure of the unit. Explain that the instruction will take place on
the first day and the writing will take place on the second day. Instruction will include the
definition of persuasive writing, persuasive writing techniques and why they work, various
attention grabbing techniques for beginning an essay, and the definition of a thesis statement.
There will also be a review of what a writing prompt looks like, how to break apart a prompt and
determine what the question is asking, and organizing your thoughts. Finally, there will be a
review of the writing scoring rubric used in Pennsylvania.
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Body
PART I: The Basics
Students should complete the “Basics Handout” during this part of the instruction. Refer
to the Bell-Ringer activity. Highlight student responses that come close to the definition of
persuasive writing. You can use the following definition or any variation that is most relevant
for your students. Definition: Persuasive writing is an essay that tries to convince a reader to
believe what you believe about a certain topic.
Share examples of persuasive writing techniques. For each technique, be sure to include
a relevant example for discussion. Share and discuss examples of bandwagon, glittering
generalities, name-calling, plain folks, stereotyping, and testimonials.
Discuss attention-grabbing strategies in the same manner as writing techniques. These
strategies include starting the introduction with an unusual detail, a strong statement, a quote, an
anecdote (a short story that is included to make a strong point), a statistic or fact, a question, or
an exaggeration or outrageous statement. As practice, have students come up with their own
example of each attention grabbing strategy using the topic of For or Against School Uniforms.
Finally, define Thesis Statement : one strong sentence at the end of the introduction that
states your opinion and tells the reader what you are going to talk about in your essay . You may
use the definition provided or you may use one that is more relevant for your students.
PART II: PRACTICE
Use the following writing prompt for the lesson: Your local school board is looking into
requiring students to wear uniforms. Write a letter to your school board and defend your opinion
on wearing school uniforms.
Share the uniform prompt and help students work through the process of breaking down
the question to figure out what the assignment is. Students should underline the key parts of the
prompt; the topic of school uniforms, the type of response is in letter format, and they should
choose a side for or against school uniforms.
Partner students and have each group choose their side of the argument and take five
minutes to brainstorm possible reasons or support for their side of the topic. Create a class list of
pros and cons to school uniforms. Have partners refer back to their examples of attention
grabbing techniques to choose the best one for the argument. Finally, partners should write a
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thesis statement that includes their position and reasons for their position. Allow students 10
minutes to complete the activity and put together all three pieces into an introductory paragraph.
Finally, review the Pennsylvania scoring rubric and explain how the rubric is used to grade
persuasive essays.
PART III: FINAL PRACTICE
The second day is comprised of a review of the terminology and techniques used in
persuasive writing, an assigned writing prompt, and time for students to complete an introduction
and thesis statement for the writing prompt. Students should review the steps of the writing
process from the day one partner activity and individually complete the pre-writing as well as the
introduction and thesis statement for a new writing prompt: Select the best pizza restaurant in
town and convince your classmates to buy their pizza. Prompt can be changed as needed to meet
the students’ interests and needs.
Conclusion
At the conclusion of the two-day lesson, have students switch papers with one other
student to peer review the introduction and thesis statement. Students should share one
compliment of something done well and one suggestion of something to improve in the
introduction.
Bring students together for a brief review of the lesson content. Have students share with
the class their own definition of persuasive writing, various techniques used to persuade,
attention-grabbing openers, and the definition of a thesis statement.
Close the lesson by reminding students that persuasion is not just in writing. They see it
in their everyday lives. Share one final video advertisement that students are familiar with and
conclude by having students tell you what kind of persuasive technique the advertisement uses.
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Part 5: Learning Materials
Part 5a: Learning Materials
Instruction for this unit includes one student handout (Appendix A) that is designated for
definitions and examples of terminology. The instructor is also provided with several examplesof persuasion that can be used during instruction. Two persuasive video commercials can found
in Appendix B, a print advertisement can be found in Appendix C, and a sample cover letter for a
job application can be found in Appendix D. Use of the examples provided is at the discretion of
the instructor. Teachers are encouraged to use materials that best meet the needs and interests of
their individual students.
Part 5b: Formative and/or Summative Assessment Materials
Formative Assessment occurs throughout the two-day lesson. The instructor will
circulate through the classroom as students individually complete the “Basics Handout” to ensure
each student is writing accurate definitions and examples. Circulation allows the teacher to
assist students who may be having trouble early on in the process. Teachers will also circulate
during the partner writing activity and peer review to assist any groups that may be struggling in
coming up with their own ideas for beginning a persuasive essay.
Summative Assessment comes in the form of the Pennsylvania State Writing Rubric.
The persuasive writing and conventions rubrics can be found on the Pennsylvania Department of Education website. For lesson purposes, both the writing and conventions rubrics have been
combined into one domain rubric for student and teacher use (Appendix E). Teachers will
remind students to refer to the rubric throughout their writing to ensure they are effectively
meeting the requirements and conventions of persuasive writing.
Part 5c: Technology Tool Rationale.
Most of the instruction for the persuasive writing lesson does not involve technology.
The places where technology comes into play involve a few websites that demonstrate examples
of persuasive works other than writing. The Internet, in particular YouTube, helps make
television and the commercials we see on TV accessible. As long as the site is not blocked on
the district server, this site offers one of the easiest and most reliable means of accessing
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commercials that are relevant to the student body in a timely manner. YouTube will be used to
access two commercials that demonstrate persuasive techniques. In order to share these videos
with the class, the teacher must also have access to a computer and LCD projector. Most
districts have these available if not in every classroom, then at least sign out and share
throughout the school.
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Part 6: Formative Evaluation Plan
Part 6a: Expert Review
Mary Rider-Dincher, a 7th
grade Language Arts teacher, is the expert reviewer for this
project. She is in her third year of teaching middle school language arts and has completed the
Teachers College Reading and Writing Workshop at Columbia University. Because Ms. Rider-
Dincher works in my building, she has a knowledge base regarding the demographics of our
students. Also, because she is the 7th
grade teacher, she has a solid idea of what the students
already know regarding writing before they enter 8th
grade. Ms. Rider-Dincher will review the
goals, instructor guide, and student materials portions of the design project. She will be
reviewing the overall design, content accuracy, usability of materials, and alignment of the
objectives to the instruction. The SME survey can be found at the following website:http://bit.ly/6lvFmW
Part 6b: One-to-one evaluation
This level of evaluation will be done with two students from different 8th
grade language
arts sections and one 8th
grade language arts teacher. One student will be from the enriched
language arts section and one will be from the basic language arts section. Each student and the
teacher will sit down with the instructor guide and student materials to work through the lesson.The evaluators will be responsible for making sure the content, definitions, and examples
provided make sense and are of interest to 8th
grade students. They will be asked to talk about
anything that is unclear or difficult to understand. The designer will take suggestions from the
students and teacher in regards to the difficulty of the content and relevance of the examples.
Part 6c: Small group evaluation
Because this lesson relies heavily on supplantive strategies and teacher-led instruction, it
would be difficult to conduct a small group evaluation without an instructor. This group will
consist of nine students; three students from an inclusion language arts class, three students from
a regular section of language arts, and three students from an enriched section of language arts.
This nine student mixed-ability group will work through the lesson as it stands with changes
made from the one-to-one evaluation along with an instructor who will be teaching the writing
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process in a regular classroom setting. The students and instructor will have a feedback session
with the designer after the lesson is complete in order to discuss any difficulties the evaluation
group may have had throughout the lesson. The designer will seek ways to improve the design
and instruction in ways that will best benefit all learners.
Part 6d: Field trial
The field trial will take place with six language arts teachers, each with three language
arts sections. There are three middle schools in the trial district and each middle school has two
language arts teachers per grade. The 8th
grade teachers will implement with each 8th
grade
class. Regular education students, gifted students, and students with IEPs will all receive the
same lesson with the teacher making any individual accommodations. One the two-day lesson
has been completed, each of the six teachers will complete a survey on the effectiveness of the
lesson and anything that needs to be changed regarding the objectives, teacher guide, and/or
student materials. Any recommended changes will be made immediately so the instructional unit
may be implemented in other schools.
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Part 7: Formative Evaluation Report
Part 7a: Evaluation survey or rubric
The subject matter expert will answer the following questions after reviewing the
instructional design project.
Goals
1. Are the goals clearly stated?2. Are the goals age-appropriate?
3. Are the goals effectively aligned with the lesson content?
4. Are the goals achievable?
5. Please offer an explanation and/or comments for any of the above questions to helpimprove the lesson goals.
Content
1. Is the content age-appropriate?
2. Is the content relevant to the learners?3. Does the content accurately reflect the steps of writing the introduction of a persuasive
essay?
4. Please offer an explanation and/or comments for any of the above questions to help
improve the content of the lesson.
Instructional Materials 1. Are the instructional materials age-appropriate for the learner?2. Are the lesson examples relevant to the learners?
3. Are the materials and instruction designed to promote student achievement?
4. Is the technology used in the lesson the best tool for the job?5. Please offer an explanation and/or comments for any of the above questions to help
improve the instructional materials.
Overall Design 1. Please give any comments you have on the overall design of the lesson. Please provide
examples for any improvements you may suggest.
Part 7b: Report of expert review
Overall, Ms. Rider-Dincher, the SME for this project, felt the design was age-appropriate,
relevant to the learners, and achieved the goals in which the designer set out for the students to
meet. All of the yes/no questions asked in regards to goals, content, and instructional materials
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were answered in the positive manner. Ms. Rider-Dincher feels that the goals are clear, age-
appropriate, clearly stated, and reasonably achievable for 8th
grade. She also feels that the
content is accurate, age-appropriate, and what I believe is extremely important, is that the content
is relevant to the learners. Finally, Rider-Dincher believes that the materials are relevant, age-
appropriate, they promote student achievement, and the technology is used because it’s the best
tool for the job, not just as a way of incorporating technology.
Ms. Rider-Dincher did offer a few comments and suggestions regarding the instruction.
She believes that students should be pushed to do their best and that it’s healthy for them to reach
a certain level of frustration. She is unsure of the effectiveness of providing “comfort” due to her
understanding of frustration theory. She does, however, like the personal responsibility that is
expected of students by requiring them to complete their own introduction paragraph in addition
to the group practice.
The SME was generous enough to offer several other examples of topics that have a high
interest level among students in our school as she has found that offering students a choice of
topics is an effective way to get students to perform well in their persuasive writing. For
persuasive essays, she offered the use of mp3 players or cell phones in school; deciding a best
entertainer, athlete, or team award; and defending a preferred video game or game system.
Rider-Dincher suggested using the Online Writing Lab at Purdue as an additional technology
tool to help students who may be struggling with forming a thesis statement.
Overall, Rider-Dincher likes the fact that the lesson is broken down into stages and that
each stage involves heavy modeling from the instructor. She has found that her students crave
constant feedback and it is sometimes difficult to get them to self-assess and give helpful peer-
reviews. Also, she suggested breaking the rubric into stages to alleviate the overwhelming
feeling with the less confident and proficient writers.
Part 7c. Comments on suggested changes
In order to make this lesson more effective for the learners, I will first address the use of
the writing rubric. As suggested by the SME, I will build into the instruction teaching of the
writing rubric. More explanation will be needed than just a brief overview for struggling writers.
I will build in a piece of instruction that breaks down each domain area with examples of what
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writing looks like for each possible score. This should help those who struggle with writing so
they can better understand exactly what a “4”, the highest score, looks like and so on.
The other piece that I will look into changing is the topic for the writing assignment. For
the purpose of the lesson, all group practice will remain on the same topic, school uniforms.
However, for the individual student practice, the instructor guide will offer several examples as
provided by Rider-Dincher, so the teacher has more to work with. The teacher will decide upon
the ultimate topic(s), but as the designer, I will provide suggestions of topics for instructor
perusal.
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Part 8: AECT Standards GridThe following standards, developed by the Association for Educational Communications and
Technology (AECT), and used in the accreditation process established by the National Council
for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE), are addressed to some degree in this course.The numbers of the standards correspond to the numbers next to the course tasks show on the list
of assignments. Not all standards are addressed explicitly through student work.
Assignments meeting standard in whole or part
Standard 1: DESIGN
1.1 Instructional Systems Design
(ISD) X
ID Projects 1 & 2
1.1.1 Analyzing X ID Projects 1
1.1.2 Designing X ID Projects 1 & 2
1.1.3 Developing X ID Projects 1 & 2
1.1.4 Implementing X ID Project 21.1.5 Evaluating X Selected Discussion Forums; ID Project 2
1.2 Message Design1.3 Instructional Strategies X ID Project 2
1.4 Learner Characteristics X ID Project 1
Standard 2: DEVELOPMENT2.0 (includes 2.0.1 to 2.0.8) X ID Project 02
2.1 Print Technologies X Reading Quiz; ID Projects 1 & 2
2.2 Audiovisual Technologies2.3 Computer-Based Technologies X (all assignments)
2.4 Integrated Technologies
Standard 3: UTILIZATION
3.0 (includes 3.0.1 & 3.0.2)
3.1 Media Utilization X (all assignments)3.2 Diffusion of Innovations
3.3 Implementation andInstitutionalization X
ID Project 2
3.4 Policies and Regulations
Standard 4: MANAGEMENT
4.0 (includes 4.0.1 & 4.0.3)4.1 Project Management
4.2 Resource Management4.3 Delivery System Management
4.4 Information Management
Standard 5: EVALUATION
5.1 Problem Analysis X
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5.2 Criterion-Referenced
Measurement X
ID Project 2
5.3 Formative and Summative
Evaluation X
ID Project 2
5.4 Long-Range Planning
COURSE GOALS & OBJECTIVES
The overall goal for the course is for each student to consider and use the systematic process of
instructional design to create an instructional product. To achieve this goal, students will engage
in activities that promote reflective practice, emphasize realistic contexts, and employ a number of communications technologies. Following the course, students will be able to:
1. Discuss the historical development of the practice of instructional design with regard tofactors that led to its development and the rationale for its use
2. Describe at least two reasons why instructional design models are useful
3. Identify at least six instructional design models and classify them according to their use
4. Compare and contrast the major elements of three theories of learning as they relate to
instructional design
5. Define “instructional design.”
6. Define the word “systematic” as it relates to instructional design
7. Define “learning” and synthesize its definition with the practice of instructional design
8. Relate the design of instruction to the term “educational (or “instructional”) technology”
9. Describe the major components of the instructional design process and the functions of
models in the design process
10. Provide a succinct summary of various learning contexts (declarative knowledge,
conceptual, declarative, principle, problem-solving, cognitive, attitudinal, and
psychomotor)
11. Build an instructional design product that integrates major aspects of the systematic
process and make this available on the web.
a. Describe the rationale for and processes associated with needs, learner, context,
goal, and task analyses
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i. Create and conduct various aspects of a front-end analysis
ii. Identify methods and materials for communicating subject matter that are
contextually relevant
b.
Describe the rationale for and processes associated with creating designdocuments (objectives, motivation, etc.)
i. Construct clear instructional goals and objectives
ii. Develop a motivational design for a specific instructional task
iii. Develop assessments that accurately measure performance objectives
c. Select and implement instructional strategies for selected learning tasks
i.
Select appropriate media tools that support instructional design decisions
d. Describe the rationale and processes associated with the formative evaluation of
instructional products
i. Create a plan for formative evaluation
12. Identify and use technology resources to enable and empower learners with diverse
backgrounds, characteristics, and abilities.
13. Apply state and national content standards to the development of instructional products
14. Meet selected professional standards developed by the Association for Educational
Communications and Technology
15. Use various technological tools for instructional and professional communication
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AECT STANDARDS (Applicable to EDTECH 503)
1.0 Design
1.1 Instructional Systems Design
1.1.a Utilize and implement design principles which specify optimal conditions for learning.
1.1.b Identify a variety of instructional systems design models and apply at least onemodel.
1.1.1 Analyzing
1.1.1.a Write appropriate objectives for specific content and outcome levels.
1.1.1.b Analyze instructional tasks, content, and context.
1.1.2 Designing
1.1.2.a Create a plan for a topic of a content area (e.g., a thematic unit, a text chapter, an
interdisciplinary unit) to demonstrate application of the principles of macro-level design.
1.1.2.b Create instructional plans (micro-level design) that address the needs of alllearners, including appropriate accommodations for learners with special needs.
1.1.2.d Incorporate contemporary instructional technology processes in the development
of interactive lessons that promote student learning.
1.1.3 Developing
1.1.3.a Produce instructional materials which require the use of multiple media (e.g.,computers, video, projection).
1.1.3.b Demonstrate personal skill development with at least one: computer authoring
application, video tool, or electronic communication application.
1.1.4 Implementing
1.1.4.a Use instructional plans and materials which they have produced in contextualized
instructional settings (e.g., practica, field experiences, training) that address the needs of all learners, including appropriate accommodations for learners with special needs.
1.1.5 Evaluating
1.1.5.a Utilize a variety of assessment measures to determine the adequacy of learningand instruction.
1.1.5.b Demonstrate the use of formative and summative evaluation within practice and
contextualized field experiences.
1.1.5.c Demonstrate congruency among goals/objectives, instructional strategies, and
assessment measures.
1.3 Instructional Strategies
1.3.a Select instructional strategies appropriate for a variety of learner characteristics and
learning situations.
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1.3.b Identify at least one instructional model and demonstrate appropriate
contextualized application within practice and field experiences.
1.3.c Analyze their selection of instructional strategies and/or models as influenced by thelearning situation, nature of the specific content, and type of learner objective.
1.3.d Select motivational strategies appropriate for the target learners, task, and learningsituation.
1.4 Learner Characteristics
1.4.a Identify a broad range of observed and hypothetical learner characteristics for their particular area(s) of preparation.
1.4.b Describe and/or document specific learner characteristics which influence the
selection of instructional strategies.
1.4.c Describe and/or document specific learner characteristics which influence the
implementation of instructional strategies.
2.0 Development2.0.1 Select appropriate media to produce effective learning environments using
technology resources.
2.0.2 Use appropriate analog and digital productivity tools to develop instructional and
professional products.
2.0.3 Apply instructional design principles to select appropriate technological tools for the development of instructional and professional products.
2.0.4 Apply appropriate learning and psychological theories to the selection of
appropriate technological tools and to the development of instructional and professional
products.
2.0.5 Apply appropriate evaluation strategies and techniques for assessing effectivenessof instructional and professional products.
2.0.6 Use the results of evaluation methods and techniques to revise and updateinstructional and professional products.
2.0.7 Contribute to a professional portfolio by developing and selecting a variety of
productions for inclusion in the portfolio.
2.1 Print Technologies
2.1.3 Use presentation application software to produce presentations and supplementary
materials for instructional and professional purposes.
2.1.4 Produce instructional and professional products using various aspects of integrated
application programs.
2.3 Computer-Based Technologies
2.3.2 Design, produce, and use digital information with computer-based technologies.
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3.0 Utilization
3.1 Media Utilization
3.1.1 Identify key factors in selecting and using technologies appropriate for learningsituations specified in the instructional design process.
3.1.2 Use educational communications and instructional technology (SMETS) resourcesin a variety of learning contexts.
3.3 Implementation and Institutionalization
3.3.1 Use appropriate instructional materials and strategies in various learning contexts.
3.3.2 Identify and apply techniques for integrating SMETS innovations in variouslearning contexts.
3.3.3 Identify strategies to maintain use after initial adoption.
4.0 Management
(none specifically addressed in 503)
5.0 Evaluation
5.1 Problem Analysis
5.1.1 Identify and apply problem analysis skills in appropriate school media and
educational technology (SMET) contexts (e.g., conduct needs assessments, identify anddefine problems, identify constraints, identify resources, define learner characteristics,
define goals and objectives in instructional systems design, media development and
utilization, program management, and evaluation).
5.2 Criterion-referenced Measurement
5.2.1 Develop and apply criterion-referenced measures in a variety of SMET contexts.5.3 Formative and Summative Evaluation
5.3.1 Develop and apply formative and summative evaluation strategies in a variety of
SMET contexts.
SMET = School Media & Educational Technologies
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APPENDIX A
Persuasive Writing: The Basics Handout
Complete the following handout as your teachers instructs you on the basics of persuasive writing.
1. Definition – Persuasive Writing
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
2. Persuasive Writing Techniques (a.k.a. Propaganda)
Technique Example Why It’s Effective
Bandwagon
Glittering Generalities
Name-Calling
Plain Folks
Stereotyping
Testimonials
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3. Attention Grabbing Essay Starters
Essay Starter Teacher Example My Example
Unusual Detail
Strong Statement
Quote
Anecdote
Statistic or Fact
Question
Exaggeration
4. Definition - Thesis Statement ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Created by Stefanie Welty
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APPENDIX B
Persuasive Commercial Advertisements (both can be found on YouTube by searching the
title of the ad)
o New Mac versus Windows 7 PC Ad - Breaking News (use for introduction)
o Sony Ping Pong Hot Commercial Featuring Justin Timberlake and Peyton
Manning (use for lesson conclusion)
Apple Inc. (Producer), & MixxedbagDotCom (Uploader). (2009, October 25). New Mac vs
Windows 7 PC Ad - Breaking News [Video file]. Available from
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8AXMzkG-a40
Sony Electronics (Producer), & Sony Electronics (Uploader). (2009, September 10). Sony Ping
Pong Hot Commercial Featuring Justin Timberlake and Peyton Manning [Video file] Available
from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lo5gbTirdn4
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APPENDIX C
Persuasive Print Advertisement from ESPN The Magazine
[Print advertisement for America’s Milk Processors]. (2009). ESPN The Magazine, 12(18), 31.
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APPENDIX D
Sample Cover Letter for Summer JobSample Cover Letter - Summer Job
Your Contact Information
FirstName LastName
Address
City, State, Zip Code
Phone Number Cell Phone Number
Employer Contact Information
Name
TitleCompanyAddress
City, State, Zip Code
Date
Dear Hiring Manager,
I am interested in the summer position at Sarasota Store advertised in The Sarasotian.
I have excellent communication skills and an aptitude for customer service. My past experienceas a volunteer at Sarasota Hospital made it necessary for me to focus on providing quality
customer service, and also enabled me to work with all types of people.
I believe that my communication skills, customer service abilities, and positive work ethic would
make me an asset to your store.
Thank you for your consideration. I can be reached at [email protected] or 222-222-
2222. I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely,
Your Signature
Your Typed Name
Doyle, A. (2009, November 1). Re: Top 10 Resume and Cover Letter Tips [Web log message].
Retrieved from http://jobsearch.about.com/od/resumesandcoverletters/a/summer.htm