EDSP 6560 Sessions 8 & 9 Communication and Literacy Development Birth to Five Years Old...
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Transcript of EDSP 6560 Sessions 8 & 9 Communication and Literacy Development Birth to Five Years Old...
EDSP 6560EDSP 6560Sessions 8 & 9Sessions 8 & 9
Communication and Communication and Literacy Development Literacy Development Birth to Five Years OldBirth to Five Years Old
Preschoolers- Becoming Preschoolers- Becoming little people: language little people: language
and literacy Developmentand literacy DevelopmentRosemary Kerrin, Ph.D.
Objectives-Objectives-The students will be able to – • Integrate gross, fine, and oral motor skills
in an understanding of early language• Describe the theories of Piaget, Vygotsky,
and Skinner• Identify the linguistic aspects of early
language development• Explain the role of social interaction theory
in early language development• Integrate theoretical perspectives of early
language development
OverviewOverviewPhysical Factors
PsychologicalPerspective
Social-InteractionPerspective
LinguisticPerspective
Piaget
Vygotsky
Skinner
Gross/Fine
Oral
Neuro
Attachment
Interaction
Phonology
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics
Gross MotorGross Motor• Walks up & down steps alone
(alternating feet, 2 to a step; one foot per step)
• Runs on tiptoe• Climbs ladders, trees, playground
equipment• Rides tricycle, using pedals, turning
corners• Throws ball overhand, catches with
extended arms
Fine MotorFine Motor
• Builds towers, bridges, steps• Threads beads• Draw-a-man• Cuts with scissors• Copies circle, cross, square, triangle,
letters
Oral MotorOral Motor
• Eats with spoon, fork• Baby teeth grown in, used for
chewing• Mouth no longer primary sensory
organ• Question of bottles, pacifiers, thumb
sucking
Psychological - PiagetPsychological - Piaget
• Pre-operational period• Large -> small toy -> imaginary
play• Egocentric speech• Solitary play -> Parallel play ->
Cooperative play • assimilation• accommodation
Psychological - LuriaPsychological - Luria• Verbal comprehension &
expressive language interact with symbolic understanding (each strengthens the other)
• Language integrates with cognition as vehicle for thought
• ZPD = Zone of Proximal Development
Psychological - SkinnerPsychological - Skinner
• Setting Event: context or situation that sets the occasion for interaction
• Stimulus -> Response -> Consequence
• Multiple Causation: setting event may not have apparent connection to response
Psychological ProcessingPsychological Processing
• Figure-ground• Discrimination• Processing• Memory (short term; long term;
working memory) • Attention*
Development of AttentionDevelopment of Attention(per Cooper, Moodley, & Reynell, 1979)(per Cooper, Moodley, & Reynell, 1979)
• Stage 1: extreme distractability (0-1 year)• Stage 2: can concentrate for short time on
concrete task of own choice; rigid & inflexible; reward must be part of task (1-2 y)
• Stage 3: attention single channeled, but more flexible & allows shift from task to directions and back again (2-3 y)
• Stage 4: attention single channeled, but child gaining control of attention focus (3-4 y)
• Stage 5: two channel attention; can assimilate verbal directions directly related to task without interrupting task to look at speaker (necessary for learning in large group situations) (4-5 y)
• Stage 6: fully integrated control of attention (6y+)
Social Development - Social Development - AttachmentAttachment
• Tries to help adult with tasks• Shows empathy with others’ feelings • Shares with others• Affection for younger children;
companions
Social Development - Social Development - InteractionInteraction
• General behavior grows in independence; more amenable, affectionate -> self-willed, impertinent
• Joint play with other children; turn taking
• Understands need for rules, fair play• Sense of humor developing• Delays gratification to later time
Linguistics - FormLinguistics - FormPhonology• phonological
processes• articulation of
majority of consonants
• speech intelligible to most listeners
• easiest new words have phonemes in repertoire; reduplicated syllables easier
Syntax & Morphology - • MLU (Mean Length of
Utterance)• -ing; in / on; reg plural
/s/, /z/, /wz/; irreg past; poss; copula; articles; reg past...
• regularity & variability across individuals
• phrase / clause / sentence• pronouns / interrogatives /
negatives• comprehension v.
production (imitative skills)
Linguistic - ContentLinguistic - ContentSemantics • size - 50 words at 18 mo; 2,200 words at 5 y• fast mapping: associates word w/ referrent after
initial exposure• extended mapping: info gradually expanded and
modified• referential learning style vs. personal-social
learning style• invented words / idiomorphs• Relational terms: dimension / color / spatial /
kinship / temporal
Linguistic - UseLinguistic - Use
Pragmatics• private speech - monologue; collective
monologue; associated monologue• socialized speech: acknowledge partners’
utterances• Discourse: series of successive utterances
shared by at least 2 persons• Cohesion: topic introduction / turn taking /
presupposition (perspective taking - linguistic, cognitive, perceptual)
• Conversational repairs