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Contractors’ Safety Forum 2013

25TH EDITION / ISSN 1793-1665 MAY 2013

Safety Considerationsin Deep Excavations

NewsNewsSafety

EDITORIAL PAGE

Featured Articles02 Safety Considerations in Deep Excavations

04 Vulnerable Road Users

06 Getting Ready for Migration of Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway Operations

08 LTA Environmental Performances 2012

10 Detection of Underground Services

Contributions or Feedback to:

The topics presented were:

1. Sharing of safety findings on LTA worksites by Mr Alvin Soong from LTA Safety Division

2. Locomotive runaway incident by Mr Mike Tan from DTL3 C932 Sato Kogyo (S) Pte Ltd

3. Failure of construction joint during concreting works by Mr Frank Hemmert from DTL2 C916 McConnell Dowell SEA Pte Ltd

4. Failure of lifting bolt during lifting of temporary ring segment by Mr Chris Knight-Hassell from DTL3 C927 C.M.C Di Ravenna

5. Failure to follow Safe Work Procedures: Dislodging of tunnel segments from truck by Mr Yoon Jeong Wook from DTL2 C915 SK Engineering & Construction (Singapore Branch)

6. Failure of chain sling during lifting works by Mr Park Sin Gyeung from NSLe C156 Samsung C&T Corporation

Mr Mike Tanfrom DTL3 C932 Sato Kogyo (S) Pte Ltd

Mr Chris Knight-Hassellfrom DTL3 C927 C.M.C Di Ravenna

Mr Park Sin Gyeungfrom NSLe C156 Samsung C&T Corporation

Mr Frank Hemmertfrom DTL2 C916 McConnell Dowell

SEA Pte Ltd

Mr Alvin Soongfrom LTA Safety Division

Mr Chew Hock Yong, Chief Executive Land Transport Authority

Mr Yoon Jeong Wookfrom DTL2 C915 SK Engineering & Construction (Singapore Branch)

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Safety Considerations in Deep Excavation

INTRODUCTIONDeep excavation and trenching works are among the most hazardous construction activities with the potential to cause great harm and loss in the event of an accident.

In LTA worksites, deep excavation works are a common construction activity and to exacerbate the risks, some of these worksites are situated in built up areas. It is therefore of utmost importance that all measures must be taken into consideration with proper planning to ensure stability of the excavations, adjacent buildings and roads as well as the safety of the construction crew.

In this article, we will look at the various safety considerations in deep excavation.

1. UNDERGROUND UTILITY PROTECTIONUtility protection is a crucial pre-emptive operation to ensure that no damage occur to them prior to commencement and during deep excavation works. A utility damage incident can cause serious disruption to nearby businesses and households and could result in fines amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars from the relevant agencies. Therefore, top priority must be given to identify, divert and protect these services prior to any excavation works.

All buried utilities are to be clearly identified and their location marked out on site. Positive identification of all underground utilities services in the vicinity of the work site is also required.

Figure 1: Pipes adequately supported across excavated site by steel beams

Figure 2: Utilities identified and diverted to prevent damageFigure 2: Utilities identified and diverted to prevent damageFigure 2: Utilities identified and diverted to prevent damage

2. INsTABILITY OF EXCAVATIONDeep excavation if not managed and monitored effectively can result in collapse, major ground settlements or sink holes. Therefore, a robust design and well constructed Earth Retaining & Stabilising Structure (ERSS) is crucial to ensure the integrity of the excavation.

To monitor the stability of an excavation, Geotechnical Instrumentation and Monitoring is carried out. With these tools, engineers are able to analyse the readings and correlate the onsite effects with those predicted. As a result, appropriate measures are to be proposed during the early stages to mitigate any unexpected adverse effects.

3. CONFINED sPACEsDeep excavations are confined spaces and some of the hazards associated with these areas include:

• Insufficientamountofoxygen.• Presence of heavier than air flammable gases which if

ignited would lead to fire or explosion.• Presenceoftoxicgasessuchassulphurdioxide.

LTA General Specification, Appendix A, Safety, Health & LTA General Specification, Appendix A, Safety, Health & LEnvironmental, classifies any excavation more than 4 metres deep as confined space. Hence, all the statutory and contractual requirements pertaining to confined space are to be strictly adhered.

Gas monitoring must be conducted every 4-hourly to ensure that no toxic or flammable gases are present. The oxygenlevel inside the excavation pits should also be sufficient for the workers. Adequate ventilation must also be maintained the workers. Adequate ventilation must also be maintained the workers. Adequate ventilation must also be maintained the workers. Adequate ventilation must also be maintained at all times.

Contractors are also required to implement an access Contractors are also required to implement an access Contractors are also required to implement an access Contractors are also required to implement an access Contractors are also required to implement an access Contractors are also required to implement an access control system for entry into the excavation so as to prevent control system for entry into the excavation so as to prevent control system for entry into the excavation so as to prevent control system for entry into the excavation so as to prevent control system for entry into the excavation so as to prevent control system for entry into the excavation so as to prevent unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes unauthorised access. An example of such systems includes the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. In addition, only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a only trained & competent personnel are allowed to work in a confined space environment. confined space environment.

Figure 3: RFID system to track worker access into excavation Figure 3: RFID system to track worker access into excavation Figure 3: RFID system to track worker access into excavation Figure 3: RFID system to track worker access into excavation

4. FALLING FROm hEIGhTThe dangers of falling from height have always been a major concern for the construction industry and it is no different for LTA’s worksites. With many of our excavations reaching depths of thirty to forty metres, eliminating the risks of falling from height is a major challenge.

It is important to ensure that a Fall Protection Plan (FPP) is It is important to ensure that a Fall Protection Plan (FPP) is developed and implemented to ensure the safety of all developed and implemented to ensure the safety of all workers working at height. The provision of safe accesses workers working at height. The provision of safe accesses workers working at height. The provision of safe accesses with effective barricade is a must. Together with the use of with effective barricade is a must. Together with the use of with effective barricade is a must. Together with the use of with effective barricade is a must. Together with the use of with effective barricade is a must. Together with the use of effective fall prevention personal protective equipment (PPE) effective fall prevention personal protective equipment (PPE) effective fall prevention personal protective equipment (PPE) effective fall prevention personal protective equipment (PPE) effective fall prevention personal protective equipment (PPE) effective fall prevention personal protective equipment (PPE) and strong anchorage points, the possibility of such accidents and strong anchorage points, the possibility of such accidents and strong anchorage points, the possibility of such accidents and strong anchorage points, the possibility of such accidents and strong anchorage points, the possibility of such accidents and strong anchorage points, the possibility of such accidents and strong anchorage points, the possibility of such accidents will be eliminated.

Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts Figure 4: Effective barricade around struts

Figure 5: Barricade and lifeline provided at strutting Figure 5: Barricade and lifeline provided at strutting Figure 5: Barricade and lifeline provided at strutting

5. hEAVY mAChINERYHeavy machinery usage is common in deep excavation Heavy machinery usage is common in deep excavation Heavy machinery usage is common in deep excavation works. Clam shell excavators and long arm excavators are works. Clam shell excavators and long arm excavators are works. Clam shell excavators and long arm excavators are some of the common types of machinery deployed for such some of the common types of machinery deployed for such some of the common types of machinery deployed for such works.

In deep excavation works, the excavator operators working In deep excavation works, the excavator operators working In deep excavation works, the excavator operators working on the surface may not have a clear view of the obstructions on the surface may not have a clear view of the obstructions on the surface may not have a clear view of the obstructions below. Therefore, the role of a banksman is critical as they act below. Therefore, the role of a banksman is critical as they act as additional pair of eyes to guide the operator. as additional pair of eyes to guide the operator.

Proper accesses and effective barriers e.g. concrete stoppers, need to be provided to ensure that these machineries can operate safely and do not fall into the excavation.

Figure 6: Concrete stopper to prevent accidental forward Figure 6: Concrete stopper to prevent accidental forward Figure 6: Concrete stopper to prevent accidental forward Figure 6: Concrete stopper to prevent accidental forward movement of excavator into the launch shaft during excavationmovement of excavator into the launch shaft during excavationmovement of excavator into the launch shaft during excavationmovement of excavator into the launch shaft during excavationmovement of excavator into the launch shaft during excavationmovement of excavator into the launch shaft during excavation

6. EmERGENCY PREPAREDNEssEmergencies can occur anytime but the potential loss can Emergencies can occur anytime but the potential loss can Emergencies can occur anytime but the potential loss can Emergencies can occur anytime but the potential loss can Emergencies can occur anytime but the potential loss can Emergencies can occur anytime but the potential loss can Emergencies can occur anytime but the potential loss can be mitigated if the work team is prepared for them. This is be mitigated if the work team is prepared for them. This is be mitigated if the work team is prepared for them. This is be mitigated if the work team is prepared for them. This is be mitigated if the work team is prepared for them. This is especially critical as hundreds of workers could be working especially critical as hundreds of workers could be working especially critical as hundreds of workers could be working especially critical as hundreds of workers could be working especially critical as hundreds of workers could be working deep below ground. It is important to get them out in the deep below ground. It is important to get them out in the deep below ground. It is important to get them out in the deep below ground. It is important to get them out in the deep below ground. It is important to get them out in the deep below ground. It is important to get them out in the deep below ground. It is important to get them out in the deep below ground. It is important to get them out in the quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.quickest possible time in the event of an emergency.

Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as Proper and adequate accesses must be provided so as to facilitate easy evacuation of ALL personnel from the to facilitate easy evacuation of ALL personnel from the to facilitate easy evacuation of ALL personnel from the to facilitate easy evacuation of ALL personnel from the to facilitate easy evacuation of ALL personnel from the to facilitate easy evacuation of ALL personnel from the to facilitate easy evacuation of ALL personnel from the excavation area.excavation area.excavation area.excavation area.excavation area.

Emergency plans must be established, communicated to Emergency plans must be established, communicated to Emergency plans must be established, communicated to Emergency plans must be established, communicated to Emergency plans must be established, communicated to Emergency plans must be established, communicated to Emergency plans must be established, communicated to Emergency plans must be established, communicated to Emergency plans must be established, communicated to all and conducted quarterly. Joint emergency exercise with all and conducted quarterly. Joint emergency exercise with all and conducted quarterly. Joint emergency exercise with all and conducted quarterly. Joint emergency exercise with all and conducted quarterly. Joint emergency exercise with all and conducted quarterly. Joint emergency exercise with SCDF must be conducted at least twice a year to prepare the SCDF must be conducted at least twice a year to prepare the SCDF must be conducted at least twice a year to prepare the SCDF must be conducted at least twice a year to prepare the SCDF must be conducted at least twice a year to prepare the workers to take appropriate measures/actions in the event of workers to take appropriate measures/actions in the event of workers to take appropriate measures/actions in the event of workers to take appropriate measures/actions in the event of workers to take appropriate measures/actions in the event of workers to take appropriate measures/actions in the event of an emergency. an emergency.

Figure 7: Access staircase into the shaft

CONCLUsIONAlthough deep excavations are among the most hazardous Although deep excavations are among the most hazardous activities in construction, the risks of casualties in the event activities in construction, the risks of casualties in the event of an accident can be mitigated through forward planning, of an accident can be mitigated through forward planning, a robust risk management system and carrying out regular a robust risk management system and carrying out regular emergency drills.

Lee Boon Lee Boon hwee Deputy Safety & Health Managerety & Health Manager Deputy Safety & Health Manager Deputy Saf

Safety DivisionSafety Division

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Vulnerable Road Users

INTRODUCTIONVulnerable road users, such as motorcyclists and pedestrians, constitute a large percentage in traffic-related injuries and fatalities. Based on accident statistics in Singapore over the past 6 years from 2006 to 2011 (Figure 1), motorcyclists and pedestrians were the two most vulnerable groups of road users, accounting for approximately 50% and 25% of the total number of fatalities respectively. In this issue, some of the common challenges faced by motorcyclists and pedestrians while travelling on the road as well as the measures and initiatives undertaken to enhance their safety are highlighted.

Figure 1. Fatalities by Road User Category from 2006-2011 (Source: Singapore Traffic Police)

mOTORCYCLIsTs

Characteristics of motorcyclistCompared to other vehicles, motorcycles have very different dynamics which require motorcyclists to have better balancing skills and greater control. The minimal occupant protection also makes motorcyclists and their pillion vulnerable to the hazards of traffic, road and weather conditions. Furthermore given their smaller profile, motorcyclists are less visible and can become easily overlooked by other motorists.

Common safety Challenges and mitigation for motorcyclists

1. Manoeuvring along Road Bends

Figure 2. Road bend with curve alignment markers and Figure 2. Road bend with curve alignment markers and Figure 2. Road bend with curve alignment markers and Figure 2. Road bend with curve alignment markers and speed regulating stripsspeed regulating strips

Manoeuvring along curved sections of the road poses a Manoeuvring along curved sections of the road poses a Manoeuvring along curved sections of the road poses a challenge to motorcyclists, especially if the radius decreases challenge to motorcyclists, especially if the radius decreases challenge to motorcyclists, especially if the radius decreases abruptly and is not readily anticipated. As much as possible, less varying radius should be provided to reduce the likelihood of motorcyclist skidding as a result of grip loss between tyres

and road surface. Installing adequate signage, having proper delineation and speed regulating strips along the straight section of the road could further enhance the safety of motorcyclists.

2. Conspicuity of Motorcyclists

Due to its smaller profile, motorcyclists are less conspicuous to other road users who switch lane haphazardly without having a proper look out for the vulnerable users. To enhance their visibility to other road users, the motorcyclists are advised to switch on their motorcycle headlights at all times while riding on the road.

3. Road Surface Conditions

The stability of motorcycles is affected by changes in road surface conditions whenever there is a loss in the consistency of grip of the tyres on the road surface. The motorcyclists could potentially skid and lose balance when they encounter the following situations:

• Unevenpavementsurfacessuchaspotholesandruts• Loosesand,gravelanddebrisscatteredonroadsbeside

work zones as well as temporary steel decking with poor anti-skid coating.

• Waterpondingonroadsurfaces

Figure 3. Water ponding on road surfaceFigure 3. Water ponding on road surfaceFigure 3. Water ponding on road surfaceFigure 3. Water ponding on road surface

Figure 4. Pothole on road surface Figure 4. Pothole on road surface Figure 4. Pothole on road surface

Regular road inspections and maintenance programs would Regular road inspections and maintenance programs would Regular road inspections and maintenance programs would Regular road inspections and maintenance programs would help to minimise undesirable road surface conditions.help to minimise undesirable road surface conditions.help to minimise undesirable road surface conditions.

PEDEsTRIANs

Characteristics of PedestrianCharacteristics of Pedestrian

Based on accident statistics in 2011 (Figure 4), elderly Based on accident statistics in 2011 (Figure 4), elderly Based on accident statistics in 2011 (Figure 4), elderly pedestrians aged 60 years and above, are by far the most pedestrians aged 60 years and above, are by far the most pedestrians aged 60 years and above, are by far the most vulnerable group of pedestrians. As physical and cognitive vulnerable group of pedestrians. As physical and cognitive vulnerable group of pedestrians. As physical and cognitive capacities deteriorate with age, older pedestrians are capacities deteriorate with age, older pedestrians are capacities deteriorate with age, older pedestrians are capacities deteriorate with age, older pedestrians are generally slower in walking and reacting to danger. They generally slower in walking and reacting to danger. They generally slower in walking and reacting to danger. They also have poorer eyesight for a proper view and inaccurate also have poorer eyesight for a proper view and inaccurate judgement on approaching traffic when crossing the road. judgement on approaching traffic when crossing the road.

Figure 5. Pedestrian Casualties by Age Group in 2011 Figure 5. Pedestrian Casualties by Age Group in 2011 Figure 5. Pedestrian Casualties by Age Group in 2011 Figure 5. Pedestrian Casualties by Age Group in 2011 Figure 5. Pedestrian Casualties by Age Group in 2011 Figure 5. Pedestrian Casualties by Age Group in 2011 (Source: Singapore Traffic Police)(Source: Singapore Traffic Police)(Source: Singapore Traffic Police)(Source: Singapore Traffic Police)

Children, under the age of 18, are also at a greater risk of Children, under the age of 18, are also at a greater risk of Children, under the age of 18, are also at a greater risk of Children, under the age of 18, are also at a greater risk of Children, under the age of 18, are also at a greater risk of Children, under the age of 18, are also at a greater risk of Children, under the age of 18, are also at a greater risk of being involved in a road accident. Unlike elderly pedestrians, being involved in a road accident. Unlike elderly pedestrians, being involved in a road accident. Unlike elderly pedestrians, being involved in a road accident. Unlike elderly pedestrians, being involved in a road accident. Unlike elderly pedestrians, being involved in a road accident. Unlike elderly pedestrians, being involved in a road accident. Unlike elderly pedestrians, being involved in a road accident. Unlike elderly pedestrians, road accidents involving children are usually contributed by road accidents involving children are usually contributed by road accidents involving children are usually contributed by road accidents involving children are usually contributed by road accidents involving children are usually contributed by road accidents involving children are usually contributed by road accidents involving children are usually contributed by road accidents involving children are usually contributed by road accidents involving children are usually contributed by factors such as:

• Inconspicuity tomotoristsdue to their small statureandobstruction by roadside objects

• Inattentivenesstoapproachingtrafficwhilecrossingtheroad.

• Poorawarenessofroadsafety

Common Common Common Common Common Common ssafety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and afety Challenges and mmmmmmmmmitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation fitigation for or or or PedestriansPedestriansPedestriansPedestrians

1.1. Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity Pedestrian Connectivity

• Most pedestrians prefer to cross the road at locationsconvenient to them instead of using the designated pedestrian crossing facility. In order to deter the undesirable jaywalking practice, pedestrians should be appropriately channelized to cross at safe locations, such as zebra crossings, underpasses and at-grade signalised crossings; particularly in areas with high traffic speed or volume. Fences, railing, shrubs and signs can help to direct pedestrians to designated crossings and prevent jaywalking. In the provision of these features, the motorist’s sight line of the pedestrians shall not be compromised.

Figure 6. Pedestrian railings channelize pedestrians to Figure 6. Pedestrian railings channelize pedestrians to Figure 6. Pedestrian railings channelize pedestrians to use the zebra crossing facility

• When the footpath is affected by the road works, theconnectivity could be removed resulting in pedestrians walking on the road and potentially getting hit by vehicles. To ensure pedestrian safety, a temporary footpath should be provided or pedestrian be directed to use alternative pathway to reach their destinations.

• Aselderlypedestriansgenerally facedifficulties inusingthe pedestrian overhead bridge, selected pedestrian overhead bridges are retrofitted with lifts and at-grade signalised pedestrian crossings are provided near MRT stations, shopping malls and bus interchanges.

2. VulneraVulnerability at Signalized Junctions

Usually turning vehicles and pedestrian crossing the road at Usually turning vehicles and pedestrian crossing the road at Usually turning vehicles and pedestrian crossing the road at Usually turning vehicles and pedestrian crossing the road at Usually turning vehicles and pedestrian crossing the road at Usually turning vehicles and pedestrian crossing the road at signalised junctions are permitted movements in the same signalised junctions are permitted movements in the same signalised junctions are permitted movements in the same signalised junctions are permitted movements in the same signalised junctions are permitted movements in the same signalised junctions are permitted movements in the same signalised junctions are permitted movements in the same traffic signal phasing. Errant and impatient motorists who do traffic signal phasing. Errant and impatient motorists who do traffic signal phasing. Errant and impatient motorists who do traffic signal phasing. Errant and impatient motorists who do traffic signal phasing. Errant and impatient motorists who do traffic signal phasing. Errant and impatient motorists who do not give priority to the crossing pedestrians could result in a not give priority to the crossing pedestrians could result in a not give priority to the crossing pedestrians could result in a not give priority to the crossing pedestrians could result in a not give priority to the crossing pedestrians could result in a not give priority to the crossing pedestrians could result in a vehicle - pedestrian accident.vehicle - pedestrian accident.vehicle - pedestrian accident.vehicle - pedestrian accident.vehicle - pedestrian accident.vehicle - pedestrian accident.

• Measures such as turning pockets at junctions andintelligent road studs installed in front of the pedestrian crossing line warn turning motorists to stop for pedestrians who are about to cross the road or complete the crossing movement.

• At junctions where motorists’ view of opposing traffic isobstructed, Red-Amber-Green arrow signal helps to regulate the safe movement of right turning motorists and also enhance the safety of pedestrians.

Figure 7. Green Man Plus SchemeFigure 7. Green Man Plus Scheme

• Crossing times at signalized junctions should bemodified to cater for the different movement abilities among pedestrians, particularly in areas with large grey populations. Green Man Plus, an initiative by LTA, provides additional green man time for elderly pedestrians and pedestrians with disabilities when activated, allowing them to complete crossing the road at a more comfortable pace and safely.

3. 3. Conspicuity of PedestriansConspicuity of Pedestrians

When prWhen providing parapet wall, safety barriers, railings and oviding parapet wall, safety barriers, railings and shrubs near pedestrian crossing facilities, the visibility of shrubs near pedestrian crossing facilities, the visibility of pedestrians to motorists should not be compromised by these pedestrians to motorists should not be compromised by these road features and devices.

Figure 8. Effect of parapet wall on pedestrian visibility

Before – parapet wall obstructs visibility of pedestrian at zebra crossing

After – parapet wall reconstructed After – parapet wall reconstructed away from road giving improved away from road giving improved visibility of pedestrian at zebra crossingvisibility of pedestrian at zebra crossing

CONCLUsIONThe unique characteristics and needs of the various vulnerable The unique characteristics and needs of the various vulnerable road users should be taken into consideration in the provision of road users should be taken into consideration in the provision of the road system so that they can travel on the road safely. While the road system so that they can travel on the road safely. While all engineering measures and mitigating effort are not spared all engineering measures and mitigating effort are not spared to reduce the accidents involving vulnerable road users, all to reduce the accidents involving vulnerable road users, all road users are also responsible to exercise vigilance and adopt road users are also responsible to exercise vigilance and adopt the correct behaviours to make our roads safe for all to use. the correct behaviours to make our roads safe for all to use.

Jelphine Goh Jie YunJelphine Goh Jie YunAssistant Road System Safety ManagerAssistant Road System Safety ManagerAssistant Road System Safety Manager


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Getting Ready for Migration of Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway Operations

INTRODUCTIONThe Marina Coastal Expressway (MCE), currently under construction, will be a dual five-lane 5-km long expressway. The MCE will become the tenth expressway in Singapore and will form a key element of the strategic island-wide road network to support the long-term growth of Singapore. The underground east-west road link will run between the Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway (KPE), the East Coast Parkway (ECP) and the Ayer Rajah Expressway (AYE), with direct connections to the Marina South and downtown areas.

The MCE comprise 3.6-km of road tunnel and 1.4-km of surface and depressed roads as well as viaduct structures. There will be two ventilation buildings to support the tunnel operations.

The MCE will be connected to the KPE and operated as a continuous tunnel from the new Operations Control Centre (OCC) housed at one of the ventilation buildings.

Figure 1: MCE Alignment

mIGRATION OF KPE OPERATIONsThe current OCC in KPE Ventilation Building (VB) D is operating 24 hours to monitor and manage the traffic and tunnel environment on the KPE.

As MCE works progress, there is a need to migrate KPE operations from its current OCC to MCE VB 1 OCC so that the KPE system can be upgraded to manage the whole of the MCE-KPE.

Figure 2: Back-up Fallback Panel for Tunnel Ventilation Figure 2: Back-up Fallback Panel for Tunnel Ventilation Figure 2: Back-up Fallback Panel for Tunnel Ventilation Figure 2: Back-up Fallback Panel for Tunnel Ventilation System in OCCSystem in OCC

PLAN FOR mIGRATIONThe operations plan for migration from VB D to VB 1 has been developed and organised in terms of the operational and maintenance aspects of the move.

(a) Operational Aspect

As there are some new and upgraded equipment in MCE VB1 OCC, the KPE operators were provided with training to familiarise themselves with the new operational functions.

Classroom and practical training sessions on theoretical concepts, processes and functions to operate the new and upgraded equipment were carried out.

To prepare operators for KPE operations from MCE VB1, they were trained in the following systems:

Tunnel Ventilation System (TVS)Tunnel Ventilation System (TVS)

In principle, the operation procedures for the KPE Tunnel Ventilation System (TVS) through the graphical user interface remain unchanged. The TVS is generally operated automatically based on environmental sensor readings in the tunnel. In the event that the TVS is unable to be operated automatically, the operators can manually operate the centralised TVS control to monitor and manage the tunnel environment.

Integrated Traffic and Plant Management System (ITPMS)Integrated Traffic and Plant Management System (ITPMS)

The ITPMS centrally monitors and controls all tunnel systems and equipment. The operating function and concept remain the same except for some enhancements to visual and tactile the same except for some enhancements to visual and tactile the same except for some enhancements to visual and tactile elements in the ITPMS graphical user interface to facilitate elements in the ITPMS graphical user interface to facilitate elements in the ITPMS graphical user interface to facilitate elements in the ITPMS graphical user interface to facilitate elements in the ITPMS graphical user interface to facilitate operational efficiency.

Re-Broadcast and Break-In System (RBBI)Re-Broadcast and Break-In System (RBBI)

The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during The RBBI provides in-vehicle radio messages during emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the emergencies. The operating function and concept of the RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to RBBI is unchanged. Systematic improvements were made to the graphical user interface. the graphical user interface.

Building and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) SystemBuilding and Tunnel Public Address (PA) System

The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the The PA system broadcasts public announcements in the buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were buildings and tunnel when necessary. Improvements were made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the made to the graphical user interface to ease the use of the PA system.PA system.PA system.PA system.

Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)Expressway Emergency Telephone System (EETS)

Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of Emergency telephones allow the establishment of communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with communication links between distressed motorists with our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them our OCC. It is important that the operator attends to them promptly. The new graphical user interface enhances the promptly. The new graphical user interface enhances the promptly. The new graphical user interface enhances the promptly. The new graphical user interface enhances the speed of an operator’s response to an emergency telephone speed of an operator’s response to an emergency telephone speed of an operator’s response to an emergency telephone call. call.

(b) maintenance Aspect

During the migration process, there are KPE equipment which will need to be replaced or upgraded. The work in the KPE tunnel has to be carefully planned and co-ordinated to ensure that the “live” tunnel operations will not be affected. To avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience to motorists To avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience to motorists using the tunnel, such work will be carried out after midnight using the tunnel, such work will be carried out after midnight or during road tunnel closures (if required).

Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Figure 3: Maintenance Works being conducted on Tunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel EquipmentTunnel Equipment

VERIFICATION OF OPERATIONAL READINEss IN VB 1LTA implements an IndependentLTA implements an IndependentLTA implements an IndependentLTA implements an Independent Project Safety Review Project Safety Review Project Safety Review Project Safety Review Project Safety Review Process to ensure checensure check and balance on safety assurance for k and balance on safety assurance for k and balance on safety assurance for k and balance on safety assurance for k and balance on safety assurance for k and balance on safety assurance for this project. In addition, a Safety Assessor was also appointed this project. In addition, a Safety Assessor was also appointed this project. In addition, a Safety Assessor was also appointed this project. In addition, a Safety Assessor was also appointed this project. In addition, a Safety Assessor was also appointed this project. In addition, a Safety Assessor was also appointed to conduct an independent safety assessment of the to conduct an independent safety assessment of the to conduct an independent safety assessment of the to conduct an independent safety assessment of the to conduct an independent safety assessment of the to conduct an independent safety assessment of the operational readiness for the migration of KPE OCC to VB 1.operational readiness for the migration of KPE OCC to VB 1.operational readiness for the migration of KPE OCC to VB 1.operational readiness for the migration of KPE OCC to VB 1.operational readiness for the migration of KPE OCC to VB 1.operational readiness for the migration of KPE OCC to VB 1.The objective of this safety assessment was to review the The objective of this safety assessment was to review the The objective of this safety assessment was to review the The objective of this safety assessment was to review the The objective of this safety assessment was to review the The objective of this safety assessment was to review the adequacy of the preparation work for operational readiness adequacy of the preparation work for operational readiness adequacy of the preparation work for operational readiness adequacy of the preparation work for operational readiness adequacy of the preparation work for operational readiness adequacy of the preparation work for operational readiness to migrate KPE OCC safely to VB 1. The scope of work includes to migrate KPE OCC safely to VB 1. The scope of work includes to migrate KPE OCC safely to VB 1. The scope of work includes to migrate KPE OCC safely to VB 1. The scope of work includes to migrate KPE OCC safely to VB 1. The scope of work includes assessing the operational set-up, processes and procedures assessing the operational set-up, processes and procedures assessing the operational set-up, processes and procedures assessing the operational set-up, processes and procedures to manage and operate the KPE in VB 1 OCC.to manage and operate the KPE in VB 1 OCC.

With the LTA’s Independent Project Safety Review in place With the LTA’s Independent Project Safety Review in place With the LTA’s Independent Project Safety Review in place With the LTA’s Independent Project Safety Review in place and an independent safety assessment conducted, LTA has and an independent safety assessment conducted, LTA has and an independent safety assessment conducted, LTA has and an independent safety assessment conducted, LTA has assurance that all of the measures required to operate KPE assurance that all of the measures required to operate KPE assurance that all of the measures required to operate KPE assurance that all of the measures required to operate KPE assurance that all of the measures required to operate KPE assurance that all of the measures required to operate KPE safely in VB 1 have been implemented. safely in VB 1 have been implemented. safely in VB 1 have been implemented. safely in VB 1 have been implemented. safely in VB 1 have been implemented. safely in VB 1 have been implemented. safely in VB 1 have been implemented.

mANPOwER LOGIsTICsIn addition to the setting up of the admin office and meeting In addition to the setting up of the admin office and meeting In addition to the setting up of the admin office and meeting In addition to the setting up of the admin office and meeting In addition to the setting up of the admin office and meeting In addition to the setting up of the admin office and meeting In addition to the setting up of the admin office and meeting In addition to the setting up of the admin office and meeting rooms in MCE VB1 to house the operations and maintenance rooms in MCE VB1 to house the operations and maintenance rooms in MCE VB1 to house the operations and maintenance rooms in MCE VB1 to house the operations and maintenance rooms in MCE VB1 to house the operations and maintenance staff, transportation arrangements were also catered for as staff, transportation arrangements were also catered for as staff, transportation arrangements were also catered for as staff, transportation arrangements were also catered for as staff, transportation arrangements were also catered for as the location is situated in a less accessible area. the location is situated in a less accessible area. the location is situated in a less accessible area. the location is situated in a less accessible area. the location is situated in a less accessible area. the location is situated in a less accessible area. the location is situated in a less accessible area.

CONCLUsIONWith proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to With proper planning and preparation, we are ready to migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.migrate the KPE operations from KPE VBD to MCE VB1.

mmr.r. Tan Cho Tan Cho Tan Cho Tan Cho mmmengengengDeputy ManagerDeputy ManagerDeputy ManagerDeputy ManagerDeputy Manager

Intelligent Transport Systems Centre Divisionansport Systems Centre Divisionansport Systems Centre Divisionansport Systems Centre Divisionansport Systems Centre DivisionIntelligent Transport Systems Centre DivisionIntelligent Tr

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LTA Environmental Performance 2012

Figures updated from LTA’s Safety Information Management System (SIMS) as of 1 March 2013Figures updated from LTA’s Safety Information Management System (SIMS) as of 1 March 2013Figures updated from LTA’s Safety Information Management System (SIMS) as of 1 March 2013

INTRODUCTIONLTA monitors our contractors’ environmental performances based on their compliance with statutory and LTA’s requirements. Their compliance with LTA’s requirements are assessed via the monthly Environmental, Safety and Security (ESS) scoring system. Using a set of 28 assessment criteria, the ESS assessment evaluates contractor’s performance in managing the 6 environmental concerns, namely: solid waste, vector, water pollution, air pollution, noise and earth erosion. Other than assessing our contractors’ compliance with LTA’s requirements, the ESS scoring system is also used as a tool to identify areas of improvement.

In the following illustrations, the average ESS score of each environmental concern in 2012 is reported and compared with performance in 2011 (in brackets). Good practices that are observed over LTA’s sites are highlighted along areas that need further improvements.

sOLID wAsTE mANAGEmENT

Avg. Ess score 78% (~ 0%)As waste are produced during construction, LTA has put in an effective waste management system for proper planning and control of these waste. LTA also promotes waste minimisation and recycling on site to conserve landfill space.

Good practices observed:

Provision of adequate and well -covered bins for waste containment; ensuring separate bins for food waste

Frequent disposal of waste to ensure no over-flowing of waste

To improve: To improve: T

• On-site separation to recoverreusable and recyclable wastes

VECTOR CONTROL

Avg. Ess score 72% ( 2%)Construction site is a potential source of breeding grounds for vector and this has constantly posed health threat to the workers and community. Thus, it is vital to have a tight vector control regime established at sites.


Pitched roof for all site containers Effective vector control plan

implemented and carried out during in-house search-and-destroy operations

Larvicides or Bacillus Thuringiensis Israelensis (Bti) is placed in stagnating water that cannot be cleared

To improve:

• Ovitraps or gravitraps used on sitefor monitoring of adult mosquito

• Effective housekeeping• Effective drainage of stagnating

water

wATER POLLUTION CONTROL

Avg. Ess score 74% ( 3%)The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be The use and storage of petroleum and chemicals on construction sites need to be controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.controlled to prevent spillage and pollution of our water resources.

Good practice observed: Good practice observed: Good practice observed: Good practice observed: Good practice observed:

No sign of oil and chemical spillage/No sign of oil and chemical spillage/No sign of oil and chemical spillage/No sign of oil and chemical spillage/leakage

To improvTo improvTo improvTo improvTo improve: e:

• Adequate provisionsprovisions, suchsuch asspill trays and bund wallsspill trays and bund walls, are provided to prevent leakage of provided to prevent leakage of oil, chemical and other pollutants.oil, chemical and other pollutants.

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

Avg. Ess score 76% (~ 0%)Dust and machinery emissions may cause nuisance to the surrounding population, so LTA has the responsibility to keep these disturbances low.


Regular maintenance of machinery No black smoke emission from machineriesom machineries

To improve:

•• ArrestingArresting dustdust atat thethe source or properproperproperlylylyly shieldingshieldingshieldingshieldingshieldingshieldingshieldingshieldingshieldingdusty operations

•• Periodic wetting of accessaccess routesroutesroutes

NOIsE CONTROL

Avg. Ess score 70% ( 1%)Nuisance noise arises from construction activities can impact Nuisance noise arises from construction activities can impact Nuisance noise arises from construction activities can impact Nuisance noise arises from construction activities can impact Nuisance noise arises from construction activities can impact Nuisance noise arises from construction activities can impact psychological health and affect the physiological well being psychological health and affect the physiological well being psychological health and affect the physiological well being psychological health and affect the physiological well being psychological health and affect the physiological well being psychological health and affect the physiological well being of a person. Hence, all excessive noise must be controlled at of a person. Hence, all excessive noise must be controlled at of a person. Hence, all excessive noise must be controlled at of a person. Hence, all excessive noise must be controlled at of a person. Hence, all excessive noise must be controlled at of a person. Hence, all excessive noise must be controlled at all times for the public’s well being. all times for the public’s well being. all times for the public’s well being. all times for the public’s well being. all times for the public’s well being. all times for the public’s well being.

Good practices observed:Good practices observed:Good practices observed:Good practices observed:Good practices observed:

Effective positioning of noisy plants and machineries e positioning of noisy plants and machineries away from residential areasaway from residential areas

Efforts to reduce noise at transmission pathways such as ts to reduce noise at transmission pathways such as ts to reduce noise at transmission pathways such as ts to reduce noise at transmission pathways such as employing noise barriers .employing noise barriers .

To improve: To improve: To improve:

•• UseUseUse ofof sound-reducedsound-reducedsound-reducedsound-reduced machinermachinermachinermachineriesies•• EfforEffortststs totototo reducereducereducereducereduce noisenoisenoisenoise atat sourcesource suchsuch asas thethe useuse ofofofof

acoustic shedsacoustic shedsacoustic shedsacoustic shedsacoustic shedsacoustic shedsacoustic sheds•••• EmploymentEmploymentEmploymentEmployment ofof simplesimple techniques such as wrappingwrappingwrappingwrapping

metal resonance metal resonance metal resonance head (hammer) with cloth and keeping head (hammer) with cloth and keeping head (hammer) with cloth and keeping machinery covers closedmachinery covers closedmachinery covers closedmachinery covers closedmachinery covers closed

EARTh CONTROL mEAsUREs

Avg. Ess score 70% ( 2%)Proper earth control measures need to be in place at all times Proper earth control measures need to be in place at all times Proper earth control measures need to be in place at all times Proper earth control measures need to be in place at all times on site to prevent or minimised sedimentation to waterways.on site to prevent or minimised sedimentation to waterways.on site to prevent or minimised sedimentation to waterways.

Good practices observed:Good practices observed:

Concentration of total suspended solids in discharge is Concentration of total suspended solids in discharge is Concentration of total suspended solids in discharge is less than 50mg/L

Prevention of earth or construction wastes littering from ention of earth or construction wastes littering from ention of earth or construction wastes littering from construction vehiclesconstruction vehicles

To improve:

• Effective maintenance regime in place that providesadequate provision and madequate provision and maintenance of ECM facilities

• ECM Plan havehave beenbeen updated and reviewed by QECPand implemented accordingly on siteand implemented accordingly on site

• Adequate protection of exposedexposed earth & materials

CONCLUsIONIn comparison with 2011’s ESS assessments, vector control and noise control across LTA contracts had shown improvement in In comparison with 2011’s ESS assessments, vector control and noise control across LTA contracts had shown improvement in In comparison with 2011’s ESS assessments, vector control and noise control across LTA contracts had shown improvement in 2012, whereas water pollution control and earth control measures had dropped in performance. Thus, it is essential for contractors 2012, whereas water pollution control and earth control measures had dropped in performance. Thus, it is essential for contractors to step up their mitigation measures in addressing noise, earth erosion and vector issues on site, so as to meet the regulatory to step up their mitigation measures in addressing noise, earth erosion and vector issues on site, so as to meet the regulatory standards and the growing expectations from the public.

Teng wei Lingei Ling Assistant Environmental Managervironmental Manager


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Detection of Underground Services

1.7

1.06

0.150.24 0.25

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

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CUMULATIVE ACCIDENT FREQUENCY RATE(AFR)

Construction Industry (2012) LTA Set Target (2013) LTA Actual (2013)

172

25

3 2 20

50

100

150

200


SR

CUMULATIVE SEVERITY RATE(SR)


0.54

0.16

0.02 0.02 0.02

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6


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I

CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY - SEVERITY INDEX(FSI)


2013 ACCIDENT STATISTICS*

* Based on singapore workplace safety and health Act Requirements

INTRODUCTIONWith sophisticated underground services being laid across the Island and an ever-growing transport network, locating the exact route of utility services during construction continues to present challenges.

This article provides an insight on the fundamental methods in detecting underground services, aimed at preventing accidental damages and unwanted disruptions to end users.

GUIDELINEs FOR wORKING NEAR UNDERGROUND sERVICEs Everything starts with planning. Prior to starting excavation work, it is recommended to gather the latest information on cable and pipe plans in the vicinity from service providers.

After planning, all relevant utilities companies and service providers are to be informed of the intended works. It is usually followed by a site meeting or consultation session with said service providers for approval.

A licensed underground cable detection worker must be engaged to pinpoint the exact routes of the services running across the proposed work area. Some of the utilities detection devices commonly used worldwide are:

a) Live cables or ‘hum’ detectors It detects magnetic fields radiated by live electricity

cables.However, it only functions when a current is flowingthrough the cables.

b) Very low RF (radio-frequency) detectors This is useful in identifying metal pipes and electrical

cables by receiving radio signals re-emitted by these pipes and cables. Due to this reason, the result may be inaccurate as the signal may be affected by other metallic objects that re-radiate the signal.

c) Transmitter-receiver instrument Transmitter-receiver instrument Transmitter This is a small signal-generator (transmitter) connected

to a cable/pipe to induce a signal. The receiver then detects the signal. It usually requires more skill to operate and provide useful information in difficult situations where the techniques in (a) and (b) have not been successful.

d) Metal detectors This technique is the easiest to use and able to detect

most metallic objects. However, it is unable to detect un-energised or lightly loaded voltage cables.

e) Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) This technique builds up an image of the substrate to This technique builds up an image of the substrate to

help identify embedded objects. It can detect non-. It can detect non-conductive materials including plastic pipes. conductive materials including plastic pipes. conductive materials including plastic pipes.

Figure1: Detection of Buried Objects by Ground Penetration Radar Figure1: Detection of Buried Objects by Ground Penetration Radar Figure1: Detection of Buried Objects by Ground Penetration Radar Sources: http://www.geosurvey.co.nz/services.htmlhttp://www.geosurvey.co.nz/services.htmlhttp://www.geosurvey.co.nz/services.htmlhttp://www.geosurvey.co.nz/services.html

f) Cable Avoidance Tool (CAT) and Genny (signal generator)Cable Avoidance Tool (CAT) and Genny (signal generator)Cable Avoidance Tool (CAT) and Genny (signal generator)Cable Avoidance Tool (CAT) and Genny (signal generator) A CAT can either be used in a ‘power’ mode, where it ‘power’ mode, where it ‘power’ mode, where it

detects electromagnetic signals generated by services detects electromagnetic signals generated by services detects electromagnetic signals generated by services that carry electricity; or in a ‘radio’ mode, where it is set to that carry electricity; or in a ‘radio’ mode, where it is set to that carry electricity; or in a ‘radio’ mode, where it is set to detect metallic services that do not carry electricity.

Furthermore, a CAT is able to detect other services or ducts when it is complemented with Genny, which will convey a distinctive signal into them. However, this tool is not widely used in Singapore.

After the licensed underground cable detection worker has determined the routes of the underground services, he ought to mark the service routes with waterproof markings (i.e. paint) or wooden pegs. A trial trenching should be done manually along the identified services routes to confirm the exact position of the services. Confirmation must be sought from the service provider if positive identification cannot be achieved. The Contractor shall also determine if there is a need to turn off/disconnect any services or divert the services prior to excavation. Certain service providers e.g. Singtel may require 2nd stage approval before excavation can proceed.

Figure 2: Utilities supported and signage are displayed

At all times, the following safe digging practices must be At all times, the following safe digging practices must be complied with for the safety of the workers and to minimise complied with for the safety of the workers and to minimise complied with for the safety of the workers and to minimise complied with for the safety of the workers and to minimise complied with for the safety of the workers and to minimise any possible accidental damage to services.

Implement Permit-To-Dig Implement Permit-To-Dig Implement Permit-T Provide standing supervision Dig alongside the services rather than frDig alongside the services rather than from above it om above it om above it om above it om above it Use only flat-edged tools (i.e.(i.e. spadesspades andandandand shovel)shovel)shovel)shovel) thatthatthatthatthat areareareareareare

equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the equipped with non-conductive handles to confirm the locations

Wear suitable PPE such as rWear suitable PPE such as rubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves ubber boots and gloves Assume any uncovAssume any uncovered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed ered service is live until confirmed

otherwise otherwise Engage REOs Engage REOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs (Registered Excavator Operator) or PREOs

(Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment (Provisional REO) to operate excavating equipment Carry out Carry out Carry out positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services positive identification of underground services

in the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the worksin the vicinity of the works Mark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearMark out all identified buried utilities on site clearly Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Protect all exposed services Adopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the fAdopt the following safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy ollowing safety measures when any heavy

machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services machineries cross the line of the underground services during construction:during construction:during construction:during construction:during construction:during construction:during construction:during construction:

I.I.I. Keep the crossing points to minimKeep the crossing points to minimum II. II. II. Use steel plates, sleepers or reinforced concrete s or reinforced concrete s or reinforced concrete

slabs to spread the load slabs to spread the load

CONCLUsION Due to the inaccuracies of the cable/pipe plans available, Due to the inaccuracies of the cable/pipe plans available, extra effort is needed to accurately detect these services in extra effort is needed to accurately detect these services in order to avoid unwanted damages during excavation works.order to avoid unwanted damages during excavation works.

Celine Chiam Celine Chiam sie Ling Assistant Safety and Health Manager Assistant Safety and Health Manager Assistant Safety and Health Manager

Safety Division Safety Division Saf

News

Editorial Committee

AdvisorCorporate Safety Committee

EditorJoseph Yap Zheng Jie

Circulation OfficerZhuo Shumei

or scan

WritersLee Boon HweeJelphine Goh Jie YunTan Cho MengTeng Wei LingCeline Chiam Sie Ling

Contractors’ Safety Forum 2013

LTA hosted the “Contractors Safety Forum” on 19th March 2013 at the HSO Auditorium. It was attended by more than 190 Contractors’ Senior Management.

The safety forum served as an excellent platform for sharing of recent near-misses at our worksites and safe work practices to prevent similar occurrences.

It is envisaged that such forums will go a long way, assisting our contractors in maintaining a high-level of safety standards at their worksites. 25TH EDITION / ISSN 1793-1665 MAY 2013

Safety Considerationsin Deep Excavations

Safety

EDITORIAL PAGE

Featured Articles02 Safety Considerations in Deep Excavations

04 Vulnerable Road Users

06 Getting Ready for Migration of Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway Operations

08 LTA Environmental Performances 2012

10 Detection of Underground Services

Contributions or Feedback to:

Land Transport AuthoritySafety DivisionNo.1 Hampshire Road, Blk 5, Level 4, Singapore 219428Tel: (65) 6299 6476 Fax: (65) 6396 1188Email address: [email protected]

Safety News is also available online at http://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltaweb/en/industry-matters/safety-and-http://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltaweb/en/industry-matters/safety-and-health-and-environment/construction-safety-and-environment/safety-health-and-environment/construction-safety-and-environment/safety-news.html

The topics presented were:

1. Sharing of safety findings on LTA worksites by Mr Alvin Soong from LTA Safety Division

2. Locomotive runaway incident by Mr Mike Tan from DTL3 C932 Sato Kogyo (S) Pte Ltd

3. Failure of construction joint during concreting works by Mr Frank Hemmert from DTL2 C916 McConnell Dowell SEA Pte Ltd

4. Failure of lifting bolt during lifting of temporary ring segment by Mr Chris Knight-Hassell from DTL3 C927 C.M.C Di Ravenna

5. Failure to follow Safe Work Procedures: Dislodging of tunnel segments from truck by Mr Yoon Jeong Wook from DTL2 C915 SK Engineering & Construction (Singapore Branch)

6. Failure of chain sling during lifting works by Mr Park Sin Gyeung from NSLe C156 Samsung C&T Corporation

Mr Mike Tanfrom DTL3 C932 Sato Kogyo (S) Pte Ltd

Mr Chris Knight-Hassellfrom DTL3 C927 C.M.C Di Ravenna

Mr Park Sin Gyeungfrom NSLe C156 Samsung C&T Corporation

Mr Frank Hemmertfrom DTL2 C916 McConnell Dowell

SEA Pte Ltd

Mr Alvin Soongfrom LTA Safety Division

Mr Chew Hock Yong, Chief Executive Land Transport Authority

Mr Yoon Jeong Wookfrom DTL2 C915 SK Engineering & Construction (Singapore Branch)

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