Editing for Grammar and Punctuation Module Fourteen Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,...
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Editing Editing for for Grammar Grammar and and Punctuatio Punctuatio n n Module Module Fourteen Fourteen Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved McGraw-Hill/Irwin
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Transcript of Editing for Grammar and Punctuation Module Fourteen Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,...
Editing for Editing for GrammarGrammar
and and PunctuationPunctuation
Module FourteenModule Fourteen
Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objectives
LO 14-1 Apply strategies for professionalimage creation with grammar and mechanics.
LO 14-2 Apply principles for commongrammatical error correction.
LO 14-3 Apply principles for sentence errorcorrection.
LO 14-4 Evaluate situations for comma use.14-2
Learning Objectives
LO 14-5 Apply principles for punctuation useinside sentences.
LO 14-6 Apply principles for source quotation.LO 14-7 Apply principles for number and
date use.LO 14-8 Apply standard proofreading marks
throughout the writing process.
14-3
Creating a Professional Image
Many business leaders see good grammar and mechanics as essential to creating effective messages—and to demonstrating quality.
14-4
Creating a Professional Image
Errors can create a negative image of the writer. Occasionally, errors in grammar and punctuation
hide the writer’s meaning. Don’t try to fix errors in your first and second
drafts. Most writers make a small number of grammatical
errors repeatedly.
14-5
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
14-6
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
Subjects and verbs agree when they are both singular or both plural.
Incorrect: The accountants who conducted the audit was recommended highly.
Correct: The accountants who conducted the audit were recommended highly.
14-7
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
Errors in noun–pronoun agreement occur if a pronoun is of a different number or person than the word it refers to.
Incorrect: All drivers of leased automobiles are billed $100 if damages to his automobile are caused by a collision.
Correct: All drivers of leased automobiles are billed $100 if damages to their automobiles are caused by collisions.
14-8
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
Use reflexive and intensive pronouns (the form with self or selves ) to refer to or emphasize a noun or pronoun that has already appeared in the sentence.
Incorrect: Elaine and myself will follow up on this order.
Correct: Elaine and I will follow up on this order.
14-9
The Case of the Personal Pronoun
14-10
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
Modifiers are words or phrases that give more information about the subject, verb, or object in a clause.
A modifier dangles when the word it modifies is not actually in the sentence.
14-11
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
Dangling ModifierIncorrect: Confirming our conversation, the truck will leave Monday. [The speaker is doing the confirming. But the speaker isn’t in the sentence.]Correct: As I told you, the truck will leave Monday.
14-12
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
A misplaced modifier appears to modify another element of the sentence than the writer intended.
Incorrect: Customers who complain often alert us to changes we need to make.
Correct: Often, customers who complain alert us to changes we need to make.
14-13
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
Items in a series or list must have the same grammatical structure.Not parallel: In the second month of your internship, you will1. Learn how to resolve customers’ complaints.2. Supervision of desk staff.3. Interns will help plan store displays.
14-14
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
Parallel: In the second month of your internship, you will
1. Learn how to resolve customers’ complaints.
2. Supervise desk staff.3. Plan store displays.
14-15
What grammatical errors do I needto be able to fix?
The predicate of a sentence must fit grammatically and logically with the subject.
Incorrect: The reason for this change is because the SEC now requires fuller disclosure.
Correct: The reason for this change is that the SEC now requires fuller disclosure.
14-16
How can I fix sentence errors?
Main clause a complete statement
Subordinate or dependent clause contains both a
subject and verb but is not a complete statement and cannot stand by itself
14-17
How can I fix sentence errors?
14-18
Should I put a comma every place I’d take a breath?
When you move from the subject to the verb, you’re going in a straight line; no comma is needed
When you end an introductory phrase or clause, the comma tells readers the introduction is over and you’re turning to the main clause.
14-19
What Punctuation Tells the Reader
14-20
What do I use when I quote sources?
Use quotation marks around: the names of brochures, pamphlets, and magazine
articles words to indicate that you think the term is
misleading words that you are discussing as words words or sentences that you quote from someone
else
14-21
What do I use when I quote sources?
Use square brackets to add your own additions to or changes in quoted material.
Use ellipses to indicate that one or more words have been omitted in the middle of quoted material.
Underline or italicize words to emphasize them
14-22
How should I write numbers and dates?
Spell out numbers from one to nine. Always use figures for amounts of money
In dates, use numbers for the day and year.
14-23
Proofreading Symbols
14-24
Marked Text
14-25
