Edgefield advertiser (Edgefield, S.C.).(Edgefield, S.C.) 1846-08-05 … · 2017-12-16 · partial...
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"We will eling to the Pillans of the Temple of our Liben ies; ms aweil Sinsh' i theuins."2 - - VLME rXL "A M - « 5 PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY, BY W.. F. DURISOE, EDITOR & PROPRIETOR. NEW TERMS. Two I)ort.Ans and FITS CENTs, per annum. if paid in advance -$3 if not paid within six months from the date of subscription. and $4 if not paid before the expiration of the year. All subscriptions will be continned, unless otherwise ordered before the expira. tion of the year; but 'no paper will be dis- continued until all arrearages are paid, un- less at the option of the Publisher. .Any person procuring five responsible Subscui- ber hall receive the paper for oneyear, q.grati. sDeVRTSEMerTS conspicuously inserted at75 per square, .(12 lines, or less.) for the insartion. arid 37.1 for each continuance. Those published monthly or quarterly. will be charge $1iper square. Advertisements not having the number of insertions marked on them, will be' continued until ordered out and charged accordingly. Communications, post paid, will be prompt- ly and strictly attended to. eJi c e l l a u e o it s. From /thc Savannah Republican. THE AUGUSTA BRIDGE CASE. In pursuance of our promise we. this morning, commence the publication of an abstract of the argument recently made in this important case, hefire the United States Circuit for the District of Georgia. Our own avocations having been such as to preclude our personal attenddnce upon the Court, we have, at the request of the Complainants. and at considerable ex- pense, procured the subjoined abstract from the notes of a gentleman of the Bar. who has given, we Teel assured, an im- partial and faithful synopsis of the points made on both sides. It was thought tin- advisable to report the speeches at length, because they w"ould have been too volunm- inous for insertion in the columns of a daily paper, and. besides,. w.ouid not have been. understood ter ntpreciated by the general reader. If injustice has been done to the arguments of any of the gentlemen, either by "omission" or "commission," we need only state that our columns are open to them, and they, or the party which they represent, can make the proper correction. " We'uudertook the publication at the so- licitation of the complainants simply as a business matter. It was their purpose to give but one side of the argument. suppo- 4: sing that the Bank nould provide for the 'publication of the speeches of its own. . l~~ *io ettqptluut of this bindi Jviiig . hav~e nt-reqested by -he .oiher party to publish-the whole-not oDily because it is necessary to a proper understanding of the case-ht hec;ure. as they ,say. they wish to withhold nothritg from the public. We have the miore readily acceded to this request beenuse of the importance which the case has assumed from its long cots tinuance in the Couris-from the pertina city with which the claimants havehfollow- ed up their demands-aul from the varien and extensive inteorests which are invol ved. \Vithout taking any part therefore. in the controversy-without espousing the cause of the House of York or Lancaster -without prej id;cing the interests of any one or intetferinig with the pr ogress ofjns- tice-we may state that the sulijoined ar- gumnent is connected w ith a legal dispute which had its origin somewhat inure than a quarter of a centurv since. In 1813 and '14. Lhenry Shultz and oth- crs obtained from the Legislatures ofbouth Carolina and Georgi;t, charters empower- ing them to construct a i Midge across the Savannah River, at Augusta ; and accor- dinghy soon after erected a structure where the presenut Bridge now stands. In 1810, Shultz and John M1cKinne formed1 a co- partnership in the Bainking business, each partnter, as is alleged, setting apart Ott the books of the firm a portioni of his private property for partnership purposes. A mong these items of property was thme Brnidge, valued at $75.000. On the 21st of A pril, I818, Shuliz sold out his interest in the Bank, including the Bridge, to Barna 'McKinne, who contin- ued the bttsiness in company with his brother John. Subsegnzeuthy the Bridge Bank became greatly emnbarrassed, in - consequence of the failure of certin ?ner- can tile firms witht which the McKinmne's woere connected; anid they being indebted to the Bank of the State of Ceorgia to the amount of about FoTy Thousand Dollars, applied (or a further lean of $50,000, al- leging as was averred by the Bank of the State, that the object was to relieve the Bridge Bank. Only two fifths of this money, as is stated in the decree of Chan cellor-Harper, appears to have been ap. plied to this purpose. To setcure the Bank for this loan of 890.000 on the 3d of;May, the McKiune's execated a mort- gageon 80 negroes. MtcKinnes warehouse square in Augusta,& she Bridge on certai conditions- On the 24th of May the Bridge Bank stopped payment; upon which Shuhtz, who had made his preparations tc return to Etrope, resumed his position ir the company. and on the 10th of' Junte, second mnortsage was executed, it havin: been alleged that the first mortgage wa-n not bindinqg, in conscquence of some mits take in the name of the Bank. Without attemptinig to follow the par ties throtagh all their windings anid twist ings in ihese and other financial opera tions,-a record of which, together-.with thi Ssubsequent proeg~edings in the courts would fillian old fashioned royal ota~n volume, it msa perhaps be sufficient I< state that the onk -of: the State finally eithe,. 1eallytto il;eally, got nnsesssmir of the Bridge. Shultz alleged that they appropriated the partnership property to the payment of the private debts of Mc- Kinnes and o:bers, and ingtitute'l suit for the recovery of the Bridge or its value, with interest. &c., &c. The action was first instituted by bill of complaint in the U. S. Circuit Court, for the State of Georgia, in the year 1821.-- ,Since then, in dif'erent forms, it has been almost constantly before the Courts in Georgia and Carolina. It has even been before the Supreme Court of the U. States, and the Bill upon which the subjoined ar- gurnont arose, is "a hill in the nature of a Bill of' Revive' and Supplement." It was filed May 19th, 1845. by Messrs. Hansel and Law, in hehalfof John W. Yarbo. rough Trustee. &e., of Henry Shultz, &c., and of H. Sholtz. cotiplainants, against -,t-ie Bank of the State of Georgit," "The City Council of Augusta," and "John Mc- Kinne, and G. B. Lamar, Esqs.,".all of whom hat.' at dif'erent times been own- ers of the Bridge. The Bill is a long one, and details the history of the case very minutely. and we presume accurately.- As it has been printed, we refer our pro- fessional readers to it for those details. which may serve to throw some light upon the material parts of the argument of coun- cil. It will be recollected that the cause was re-nanded from the Supreme Court, On acc.'unt of some intermality in the Hill in the Court below, and subsequently there was ;a decree taken by consent. The par' ties to the consent decree, however, not emnbr;acing the holders of Bridge Batik hills, they through Yarborough and Shutz are seeking the discovery and relief. This Bill aims to reinstate the case. To it, af- ter entering an appearance. the Defendants by their council demurred alle ging that -:he comrplainants had not made out such a case as entitled then to a discovery, or a relief from.the Defendants in a Court of lquiy." The argument below was upou the demurrer, and as the point was exclu- sively a legal one, it will be seen that the distinguished council studiously avoided as far as pnssible, all discussion upon the merits. ifitte demurrer is not sustained by the Court, the whoula controversy will ;again be opened-when to be closed is a question which .ome Philadelphia Law- yer, more shrewd than his brethren, may, perhaps, hereafter be enabled to- deter- tomte. Thus far, the decision oftthe Courl-has n.t transpired, nor do we understand- that it will be, nade known before next week.. It is certvi.. we rdi te, shalt- Stever ,tlwed i'rest here. The amonnt invol ved, and the distinguished character of the council on both sides, will doubtless prompt either party to pursue the matter to the last extr.mity. BATTLES OF TIlE REVOLUTION. Lextigton, April 10, 1773 ; British Major Pitcairn, loss 273; Atneritcan yeoman- ry loss 84. Bunker lill. June 1775; British, Lord lowe, loss 1051; American, Col. Pres- cott, loss 453. Flatbush, August 12. 1775; British, Lord Howe, loss '100; American, Putnttn and Sullivan. loss 20t00. White Plains, Oct. 26, 1776; British, Lord lowe. loss 300 to 400; A meieat Gen. W ashinutou, loss 300 to 400. Trenton. Dec. Dec. 23, 1776; Bitish, Gen. RaI, los 1000; American, Gen. Washngton, loss. 9. Princeton, Jaa. 3. 1777; British Gen. Mlawhood, los-,, 400; Ainetican, Gen. Washington, loss, 100 ilubbardstor, Aug. 7. 1777; British Gen- era's Frazer and Baron Reideset loss, 180O; Amertean Cots. Fruncs and WVar- ren, loss, 809). Benttingtot, Aug. 16, 1777; British, Ge- nerats Baum and hBreyman, toss, 800; Anmericano Getn. St ark, toss, 800. Bi'andywitne, Sep. 11, 1777; British, Lord Hlowe. loss, 500; American, Getneral Washington, loss. 1200. Stillwater, Sept. 17, 1777; Britisth, Gen- era! JBurgoyne, loss 600; Amnorican, Gen. Gates, loss, 350. Gertmantown, Oct. 4, 1777; British, Gen. Grey, and Col. Musgrave, loss. 600; Atmerican, Gen. W ashington, loss. 1200. Saratoga, Oct. 1777; British, Gen. Bor- goyne surrendered 5752 ien, bis entire Army, to (Gen. Gates. Red Hook, Oct. 22. 1777; British, Counm Donop, loss, 500; Atnericuan, Colonel Greetn, toss :32.- Mlonmiouth, June 25, 1778; British, Gen. Clinton, loss. 400 ; Americani, Generat WVashing ton, loss, 130. Rhode Ishtind, Aug 29, 1778 ; British, Geun. Pigott, toss, 260; Atmerican, Gen. Sullivan. loss, 211 Briar 0Creek, March 30. 1778; British, Gen. Prevost, toss, 13 ; American, Gen. Ash, loss 500. Stony Point, July 15, 1779 ; British, Gen. Johnson, loss 600; America., General Wayne, toss 100. Camden, Aug. 16, 1780; British, Lord Cornwallis, loss 375; American, Gen. Gates, loss 610. King's Mountain. Oct. 1, 1780; British, Major Ferguson, loss 95'0, American, Cots. Cleveland, Catmpbelt, and Shel- by, toss, 96. Cowpents, Jan. 17, 1731; British. Cot. -Tar'eton,loss 800 ; American, Col. Mor- gatn, loss 72. Guitford C. H., March 12, 1781 ; British, S- Lord Cornwailis, toss 6-23; Amer-ican, , Gn. Green, loss 400. e. Hobkirk's Hill, April 25, 1781; British, S-Lord Ra'wdon, loss 300 to 400; Amer- idan, Gen. Green, loss 300 to 400. z- Eurnw Snrina.s Srnt. 8R. 1781; British, Gen. Stuart, loss 1000; American* Gen Green, loss 550. Yorktown, Oct. 19. 1781; British. Lort Cornwallis surrendered 7073 men, hit entire army to Gen. Washington. This last surrender was the final con- cluson of the Revolutionary war. The whole expense of the struggle to ttr Amer- icans. estimated in round numbers, $135,. 19,700.-The occasion of peace, as may be well imagined, was celebrated through- out the country with the most fervent de- nonstrations of joy; and General Wash- ington, the American Fabus, who 'had with such signal ability conducted this great contest to a successful issue, was unanimously called to preside over the cotncils of the nation. Provisional articles of peace acknow- ledging the independence, of the U. States, were sinned in Paris, Nov. 30th, 1782, by John Adatnst, Benjamin Frankliu, John Jay, and henry Lauren, on the part of the United States, and Mr. Fitzherbert and Mr. Oswald, on the part of Great Britain. The deloite treaty was signed September 30th, 1783. The confedera- tion of the states, which in time of war had given to the resolves of congress the force of law. row that the danger was pas. sed, evinced that its power was inadequate to all the purposes of an efficient govern. ment. It could neither meet: the claims against the United States, provide for the public debt, raise a revenue, or harmonize the jarrina interests of the States. Indeed, the dilliculties which attended the forma- tion of this newv government it is said, though dilerent in kind, was scarcely less than those of acuieving its independence. But by a happy concurrence of circutm- Itances, a constitution was at length form. ?d and ratified, which has effectually se- :ured the happiness and prosperity of the )eople, and stands as an illustrious pro.of if the wisdom of the fathers of the revolu- ;ion and a model for other nations in the pursuit of freedori. ARISTA ANUTAYLOt. One of the editors of the N. O. Tropic, who has just returned from a visit to the Rio Grande, presents the following graphic pictures of the Mexican and Americau Commanding Generals as they were suc- eessivcly seen tit camp at. Matantoros.-- TFhe slr-tches are true to the life, and the contrast which they liresent is both strong and striking': The contrast of the two commanding Generals. Taylor and Aris ,i:b 5 tie ueron t s nituttts under which blev lived. There was a semniharharic ;plendor associated with Arista's according with the despotistm tf the Mexican govern- Inent. A simtiicity about that oft Taylor's equally significant of pure Repuhiican in- .iitutions." The tnarquee of the commanding General of the Mexican forces was bell. shaped, and of great size. The material of which it was composed, was otntttett- ted tby parti colored stripes, giving it a holyday nppearancr. Around it were stattoned gaily dressed oflicers who glisten ed in the sou, and were ever ready to pay the most abject respect to their chief. Led horses richly caparisoned slowly paced in sight. Protecting its rear, like continued labarynthian walls, were arranged the equipage. of the camp. Pack saddles fir ive hundred mules were tastefully placed for display. and their lads neat hy, heaped up i- prodig-11 contfusion. To the poor Mexican soldier bivouacked in the open air, this wealth seemed a vision of a fairy land, and its conventional possessor, rich beyond their imagination. and powerful beyond comparison. Bands of rude music almnost constat;ly rent the air with their noisy labor. T1hte furniture of the marquee was tich ; the costly figured chests of the camp were the ornatment al furtniture ; upou their tops reposed in ostentation, thte heavy silver service oft he t able, or the elegantly fimished "maps of the campaign." In this array sat the commnatnding General, surrounded by his numerous stalT-hits clothtes of gay colors and laced to vulgar proffusion. Visits of ceretmony or of business were condutcted with pomp and needles delays ; long lines of otlicials stared atnd leered, and were impudent or cringing, as suited their pur- Poses- 'jest. Music rofled, ashres and muskets rattled. and the buzz of inflauted greattness and hollow pretence, was tri- nutphatnt. About a mile above the city of Mat- amoros, a little distance from the banks of Rio Grande, is to be seen (June 1st.) some stunted and ill-shaded trees, which betnd their gna'tled and almost leafless litmbs over a group of three or four small tents. only different from those of the common soldier in their rear, in this, that they are heterogenously disposed of for shade, in- stead of betng in a line, regardless ofalJ else than military precision. The plaic about is dotted over with thousand ofients, bafore many of which were artillery, and groups of men'and soldiers tend over some waved in triumphant folds otjr natiotaal flags, giving promise of miore importance and pomp, than the little knot to which we have particularly alluded. We .wended our way on towards th'o d'warfish treet that were distinguished, from b'ein'g' few feet higher than the surrounding brush, and for the little group of tents thal rested beneath them, for they were pointet out as marking the htead quarters, of'the commanding General of a triumphan Amerian army. Not the slightest token was visible, tc mark one tent in the group from another there were no sentinels or any mihttarq parade present; a cbetihhy snbntn child "beon othe camp;"'was playing nen by in the s,.. tetmporarily:: arrested i its wa, ags-bysoine insect of unusua size th delving1i tbo dust We p ted ourself atite-opening a one the se before which 'was atandinj a dragoon orea,- -much need by bare service.- a camp stool at our left sat Gene i-,nbusy converealion witi a hearty l iing old gentrhqpan,.sitting - a box, cuiiijned with -an Arkansas blan ket, dressE in Attakapas. pautaloons ant a linen roa bout, and remarkable for t blight flas eye, a high forehead,: farmer loo d wrough, sud ready" ap pearance. is hardly necessary for us ic say that thi ersonage was Goneral Taylor, the comm ding hero of two of the masi remarkabl .atles Oa record; and.the man who, byK' rwness and decision of char. actor, has ad lustre upon the American arms. There was no pomp about his tqnt ; a couple of r *gh blue chests served for his table, on w h were. strewn in masterly confusion 'mistyof oflicial-lookiug do- cuments;" pet-looking citizen dressed personage: ede his appearance upon hearing ' ntfcant call of "Ben," bearing o. 11: elver. a couple of black bottles an J Maing tumblers, arranhed around an helien pitcher of Rio Grande water. Th ,refresments were deposited upon a stool aad "we helped ourselves." by invitatio' We oore to the General a complimoni tW gift from some of his fellow- citizens of Orleans, which he declined receiving fo 4e'present, giving at the same time a short but -'hard. sence" lecture on the impropriety of naming children and places afternen before-they were dead, or of his receiing a present for his services --before theeampaign, so far as he was concerned, 'as fnished." With the ighest possible admiration of the republi I .simplicity of the manners and charac't&of General'Taylor, we bade him good da with a higher appreciation of our nativ land, for - possessing Euch a man as a cit en, and of itsinstitutions for moulding su ia character. Califo ' That Califotnia twill even- tually cot to an integral portion of the Jnited Stat .there is every reason ti be lieve-, from demonstrations wfiich'haee been lately; '?. AlMtico .Nslargely iu- debted to th unry, and-as tie stiite of her finances not -adinit orher panig the inden 'd t irect. I of her T - a vgt territoryrill?. ro ered us in paytnet of those indemnties. The eyes of matny of the people of this land, have been for a long period. steadily directed towards this point.-'They have deemed the acquisition of California, as essential to its, and the policy of purchasing it, has been advocated by many of our leading statesmen.-Of course we are presuming the war with Mexico to be ended, and the terms of peace agreed upon. As regards the conquest of Mexico iti a literal sense, it is we trust, un- necessary to multiply wotds, as to the pal- pable impropriety of such a step. The Constitution recognizes ott such principle as is involved in thd matter of conquest. To conquer any foreign country by fi'r'e of American arms, would Ie an act in di- rect violation of the National honor, and contrary to the spirit of the genius of our institutions. or as has been more forcibly expressed by a N. Y. Journal, "ireason to the great cause of freedom." We take it then that this is a settled point, that no part or portion of Mexico, can come into the possession of this Re- public, save by purchase or concession. In anticipating in accordance with these views, the purchase of Calihornia by the United States Government, or its concess- ion by bMexico. it will notn he nut of pla.ce to inquire into the advatntages to be reaped by us in either event. in an able article which appeared somec ilme since in the New Orleans Times. we found man'y items,' or perhaps we shouki ny, notes of infomation relative to Catli- i'ornia. As the notes referred to, were obitained from high authority, w~e shall embody a fow of them in this article : "In speaking or C -li'foi'nia~a geographtical distinctio'n most not he lost sight of. The vast extent of coountry bordering on the Pacific, to which the name lhas beer, assignied, is divided by well drawn demn arcations into two par ts-Upper Californie atnd Lower Califordia. OTf lower Califor. nia littla teed be said. It comprises' long atnd oarrolv penninsula, stretchin~i between the Gulf anid the Pacinec, from the 21st to the 33d degree of latitude, with an average breadth of abo'ut sixty- miles Travellers universally concur in repre senting lit as sterile and hopelessly desolate "It consists," says a high authority, "of chair of volcafloeb,- tree[ie', b'atreni moun tains and rock, broken by only still mart dreary plains of sand, destitute of streams swept by fierce totrndoes, of necessit3 abandoned, almost entirely to sterility ant desolation." "k- very large portion of Upper Cali fornia is nearly valueless. When we readi however, the western portion, which' lie nearest the P'acifte Coain, th'e eye is gree ted ivith an aspe-t of natifre, in her love - lest and most attractive farms. Thi beautiful tract of land embraces the whol country, drained by the~ waters whicl empty into the Bay of San Francisco.- '1he river S'an Joaquiim;'hich runs60 miles and is navigable through inearly ii entire eXtenit, irrigares a splendid and spa cious valley,::overed with dense foliage and poseessing a soil of unsurpassed ret tility r valley is estimated at 40,000 miles, or i about the size of one of onr largest States. InJ respect to its agricultural capabilities. those who have explored the region fur- f nigh the most glowing descriptions., Van. Couver, Farinham and hlumboldt, unite I in attesting its wonderful advantages. the richner, of the soil, the luxuriance of its herbage, its diversified scenery, and the' ,iildnsss of its climate." A writer in a recent number of the I American Review;iobserves, "that aliho' agriculture throughout this vast and fertile regioi is of the rudest and mo'st unskillful character, nearly all kinds of grain have been readily raised. r. farsh,long a resident on the.hanks of the Sacramento, informed Mr. Farnham that from ten' bushels, he had known to be harvested a crop of 3,752-the averagr yield being from thirty one to fifty bush. els from one that is spwa. Lient. Wilkes places the crop at 80 fold. Whether these statements he rigidly exact or not, thev demonstrate a most extraordinary degree o'f fertility, and prove that; in an agricul- tural point of view, Upper California, pre- sents inducements that are scarcely equal led by the most fruitful sections of the Valley of the Mississippi." The population of the country, is about eighty thousand. . We have thus the advantages of this highly favored reginti spread before us.- That these advantages would multiply "ten thousand fold," if the enterprise and industry of. our people were brought to bear upon them, will be' readily conceded. It is for others to determine when they shall accrue unto us. FROM THE ARIIV. The following Proclamation has been issued by General Taylor, a'td is published in both' the English and Spanish lagtiage in the Matam~oras papers: A PROCLAMATION. BY THE GENERAL COtMUNDING THE ARMY OF THE UNITED STArEs oF AMERIcA. To the People of Mexico: After many years of patient endurince, 'the United State are t ledg gh dn'irain- ed to aclinowledge, that a.war now exists .beteen.ouz governmnentand the, .goven- .ment of. Mexico...,For many yeameogr7 citizens have;n subjected to. repea Insts andjyrie our essels;gnid ear= gos ave bsetus ezd au4coup seated our out c wige, a without reparation. At length your goverotgent acknowledged the justice of our claims, and agreed by trentj to niake datiifaction, by payment of several million of dollars; but tbis treaty has been violated by your rulers, and tle stipulated payments have beeu withheld. Our late effort to termi- nate all difficulties by peaceful tiegotia- tion, has been rejected by the Dictator Paredes, and our Minister of peace, whom your rulers had agreed to receive, has been refused a hearing. He has been treated with indignity and insult, and Paredes has announced that war exists between us.- This war, thus first proclaimed by yoiu, has been acknowledged as an' existing fact by our President and Congress. with per- fect unanimity, and will be ptosecuted with vigor and energy against your army and rulers ; but those of th'e Mexican' peo- ple who remain neutral will not be moles. ted. Your government is in tie hands of ty- rants and usurpers. They have abolished your State governments, they have over- thrown your federai cotstitution', they have deprived you of the right of suffrage, de- stroyed the libertj of the press, despoiled you of your arms, arnd reduced you to a statte of absolute dependence upon thie po~wer of a military Dictator. You'r armj and rulers extort fromn the people by grie- vous taxation, bj Iforced loans',and mil,- tary seizures, the very money wlieii sis'- tains the usu'rpers' in power.. Being dis- armed, you wero left d'efenceless,n eas'y prey to the savago Comanches, wvho not only destroy your lives and' propeity,, but drive into captivity, m'ore horrible thtan death itself, yout wives and children. It is your' military rulers who h'ave reduced you to this deplurdble conditionm. It is'thne tyrants, and tht'eir cortupt atnd cruel satel- ites, gorged with the people's treasure by whom you are thus oppressed and impov- erished, sotme of whotm have holdly advo- cated a' mhn-archical government, and wo'uld place a Europ'ea~n Prince up'on-the throne of Mexico. We come' to obtain reparation for repeated wrongs and inju- ries; we come to obtaint indemnity for the past, and security for the future; we come to onerthrow' the tyrant's who ha've de- stroyed your liberties, but we come to make no war upon the .Nfexican people, nor upon any form of free government 'hey ma'y ::hoose to'solect for themselves. It is our wish to see you liberated from the savage Comanehes, to prevent the re- newal of their assaults, a):d to compel themi to restore co' you from captivity, your long lost wives and children. Your religion,- jein- altars and churches, the prop'erty of your'chur'ches and citizens, the emblems of your faith and its' ministers - shall'be protected, and retnain inviolate. H'd'reds of the army, and hundreds of thousands of our p'eople, are members of the Catholic Church. In every State, and in nearly every city. and village' of )- our Upion, Catholic Churches exist, and s the Priests perforni',thbiit holy (9mctions. in peace and security,.under ttie sacred ,guarantee of our constitution. We come -among the pieople' of, Mexico as friends. and, republican brethren, and..all, whoe re- cev us~ nas such, shall be nroieamed.-whilst all who are seducedinto'te army oyour Dictator, shall be treated as enemiese- shall want from, you nothing, but food tos our, army, and for trisyolishajl iwahe - paid in'eaab the full value. Ki, a.- tied polidy-of your tyrants to .deceive you iun.regard to'th'epolicy, and character of our go.vernmedi: and. people. ; Thl'a'ej.- rants ear the example of our freeintita- tions,,aid cnsatanti enavorto -lt' . resent o'rpuiposes, a8 * inspire u hatred for your republcaa' retIzen he Amerigan Union. &liv a's butlb tuni'y ioundeceive jon'd yiIsoi learn that all the representations .oa.- redes were false,;and were onlyrage-to ~ induce yoi to consent tote establisiienr of a despotic government. In your struggle for lil'erty, witbaila Spanish Monarchy; thusandioot t- trymen risked their: livel rid shed dUie blood in your defence. Our own Oom- modora; the gillant Porter intained i triumph your flag upon. he e our government was.the first.to a -kowt. edge your indepeddepee.,With pid ad - pleasure we enrolled yourano o he list of ind.ependeat Repubt nd d -o serely desired! that you might in-peacesand prosperity enjoyall. oine bl essi;sof.(rod ;overnment. Success itonI parutyour yranos ag thestindoi arm mpossible; boi iliy~r.$did auceed tt - would only. be'to enable, sielii tsilll rour owns with ibeii~soidifli; jitnniunF ubstance, and. harrassing you-withesdil ore grievous taxatio.., Already the - anve abolished the Ill eityof 'he Ppes.- is the irsi step towards the introductiofJ hat Monarch, w~hich i't is.their rea10 puid t mu s t rocdia'tai n establish' Mexicans, we neiu reat, is aid dy, throw the tyreat aaw enee ave wronged and sulted .gs.iave. >rived you of your aborife;t b an people, who remain Dentat it ht 0 he contesi,shall bepodteetedagainst dz :^" nilitary. despots, by the. e''nblian4y", "A if the Umn- . Z. JAY * rev.Maj.Gal. .s ne - Ti latE News from M eferredo io our last pare" ye ;Usti coniiidurioqj M rceived ad -n e o:Pensaagla by11w sia4pt " i it aearr r te'' ildce1e m1 he P 1 oor ruberlavur" 3 10*ta , ci l .Wit, (46. era t regy.WJ r , enemy thy snecee'de wiThoutthe loso( a man, and only de douddea. bjasepnt .al.. 'theT Mexicans fost three killed and ight or nine iwooled.: T6e Mississippi was bo be kept at Vera Druz,to enforce the blockade. The Princi- on left for Pensucofa with despatches. The corresporident of. the. Mobile Tri- )une, dated Pensasola, July 20, says: " Pesident Paredess still in-the city of Mexico. The papere say the citizens re asking why he does not tdke command .f the army of the North, as Congress has iven Rini permission to do. The imps- non is, as soon as be4 leavos the city his Iovernment will cease to exist, It was aid an effort to effect a change was to have taken place 6p the 5th inst. The overntment got wind 't it and called in ill the troops, who were under arms all right.-The citfiens feigtded astonishment t the caO'se:4Theakiu'adoron are at Vera. Druz. The brig Perry has been sent oa Cape Antonio after privateers said to be- in that Vicinity." Anuthei correIpondent of th: Herald int Tribu'e; dated Vera Cruz, July 14, says " [t is'th'e frnp'ression ofour Oommodresr. t~hat the Siexin a sit hold out much~ longer. They are doing nothing towaids P~rosecu'ting thle .wat--a'nd Paredes dare not leave the City of Aleiico. An insuri rection ufas ekpected there on the 5th inst.; and all the troops sere calleqd out and kept under arms' all night. Congress is> stiil in sdssion, lyut is d'oinig nothing. It. has pass'ed a decree h'o'wever, authorizing Paredei to pro'secofe th4' war, b'ut has fur-- niished him no means of' doing so. The fact is, Congress cannot' devise the way to rae th'e "wayl and means." Tm, however, wvill soon' sh'dw whb'at is to be~ done. S"The frigate Raritai .will follow the' Princeton to Pensadola; in af.ew days.' Slie h'as about eight on the sick liet, i h thre scurty. Several sicli'oiesfrom'th'o' squadron go uly in* th'e Priziceto." Trophies-The Rlouse i Re prienia-' lives hlms efo'pleg a resolution aut'horizing the Presid'ent of the OTnited S'tales locame medals from thp trophiesef Palo Alto siid Resaca de Ia Patnk to be ma'di anldis- tributed among th'e soldiers' en'gaged i these battles. Acaamilated PropeTy.-ThreosJh of all the houses aldstores'in Nie o eity, are the property of' three or four tiin< among whom is Louis PA'illippe hing- ofJ the Frenck. All B'ostoh' belongs to scarge-. ly a dozen families. Seven-eighh'oftio city of I7et'roit aye oacned'hy twvo or thre landlords, anid'iraseJ to raultitudos of Jo.7 nants. , Cinient fo? Joinii Sths-Tm~~ parts of the.cIean river saisi, wjth j.s parts of lithraige and onet ohqk.Ilte bigaiixed twith linseed oil to the pIk gence of putty, is said ton be: an oeeln' - cement for jotning pieces of ale.w~~ bke off foytngeepie sobu becomes nearly as hatd naaaie
Transcript of Edgefield advertiser (Edgefield, S.C.).(Edgefield, S.C.) 1846-08-05 … · 2017-12-16 · partial...
"We will eling to the Pillans of the Temple ofour Liben ies; ms aweil Sinsh' i theuins."2
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VLME rXL "A M- « 5
PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY,BY W.. F. DURISOE,
EDITOR & PROPRIETOR.NEW TERMS.
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ber hall receive the paper for oneyear,q.grati.sDeVRTSEMerTS conspicuously inserted at75
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eJi c e l l a u e o it s.
From /thc Savannah Republican.THE AUGUSTA BRIDGE CASE.
In pursuance of our promise we. thismorning, commence the publication of an
abstract of the argument recently madein this important case, hefire the UnitedStates Circuit for the District of Georgia.Our own avocations having been such as
to preclude our personal attenddnce uponthe Court, we have, at the request of the
Complainants. and at considerable ex-
pense, procured the subjoined abstractfrom the notes of a gentleman of the Bar.who has given, we Teel assured, an im-partial and faithful synopsis of the pointsmade on both sides. It was thought tin-advisable to report the speeches at length,because they w"ould have been too volunm-inous for insertion in the columns of a
daily paper, and. besides,. w.ouid not havebeen. understood ter ntpreciated by thegeneral reader. If injustice has been doneto the arguments of any of the gentlemen,either by "omission" or "commission,"we need only state that our columns are
open to them, and they, or the partywhich they represent, can make the propercorrection. "
We'uudertook the publication at the so-
licitation of the complainants simply as a
business matter. It was their purpose to
give but one side of the argument. suppo-4:sing that the Bank nould provide for the'publication of the speeches of its own.
. l~~*io ettqptluut of this bindi Jviiig
. hav~e nt-reqested by -he .oiher partyto publish-the whole-not oDily because itis necessary to a proper understanding ofthe case-ht hec;ure. as they ,say. theywish to withhold nothritg from the public.We have the miore readily acceded to this
request beenuse of the importance whichthe case has assumed from its long cots
tinuance in the Couris-from the pertinacity with which the claimants havehfollow-ed up their demands-aul from the varienand extensive inteorests which are involved.
\Vithout taking any part therefore. inthe controversy-without espousing thecause of the House of York or Lancaster-without prej id;cing the interests of any
one or intetferinig with the pr ogress ofjns-tice-we may state that the sulijoined ar-
gumnent is connected w ith a legal disputewhich had its origin somewhat inure thana quarter of a centurv since.
In 1813 and '14. Lhenry Shultz and oth-crs obtained from the Legislatures ofbouthCarolina and Georgi;t, charters empower-ing them to construct a iMidge across theSavannah River, at Augusta ; and accor-
dinghy soon after erected a structure wherethe presenut Bridge now stands. In 1810,Shultz and John M1cKinne formed1 a co-
partnership in the Bainking business, eachpartnter, as is alleged, setting apart Ott thebooks of the firm a portioni of his privateproperty for partnership purposes. Amongthese items of property was thme Brnidge,valued at $75.000.On the 21st of April, I818, Shuliz sold
out his interest in the Bank, including theBridge, to Barna 'McKinne, who contin-ued the bttsiness in company with hisbrother John. Subsegnzeuthy the BridgeBank became greatly emnbarrassed, in
- consequence of the failure of certin ?ner-cantile firms witht which the McKinmne'swoere connected; anid they being indebtedto the Bank of the State of Ceorgia to theamount of about FoTy Thousand Dollars,applied (or a further lean of $50,000, al-leging as was averred by the Bank of theState, that the object was to relieve theBridge Bank. Only two fifths of thismoney, as is stated in the decree of Chancellor-Harper, appears to have been ap.plied to this purpose. To setcure theBank for this loan of 890.000 on the 3dof;May, the McKiune's execated a mort-
gageon 80 negroes. MtcKinnes warehousesquare in Augusta,& she Bridge on certaiconditions- On the 24th ofMay the BridgeBank stopped payment; upon whichShuhtz, who had made his preparations tcreturn to Etrope, resumed his position irthe company. and on the 10th of' Junte,second mnortsage was executed, it havin:been alleged that the first mortgage wa-nnot bindinqg, in conscquence of some mitstake in the name of the Bank.
Without attemptinig to follow the parties throtagh all their windings anid twistings in ihese and other financial operations,-arecord of which, together-.with thi
Ssubsequent proeg~edings in the courtswould fillian old fashioned royal ota~nvolume, it msa perhaps be sufficient I<state that the onk -of: the State finallyeithe,. 1eallytto il;eally, got nnsesssmir
of the Bridge. Shultz alleged that theyappropriated the partnership property tothe payment of the private debts of Mc-Kinnes and o:bers, and ingtitute'l suit forthe recovery of the Bridge or its value,with interest. &c., &c.The action was first instituted by bill of
complaint in the U. S. Circuit Court, forthe State of Georgia, in the year 1821.--,Since then, in dif'erent forms, it has beenalmost constantly before the Courts inGeorgia and Carolina. It has even beenbefore the Supreme Court of the U. States,and the Bill upon which the subjoined ar-
gurnont arose, is "a hill in the nature of aBill of' Revive' and Supplement." It wasfiled May 19th, 1845. by Messrs. Hanseland Law, in hehalfof John W. Yarbo.rough Trustee. &e., ofHenry Shultz, &c.,and of H. Sholtz. cotiplainants, against-,t-ie Bank of the State of Georgit," "TheCity Council of Augusta," and "John Mc-Kinne, and G. B. Lamar, Esqs.,".all ofwhom hat.' at dif'erent times been own-ers of the Bridge. The Bill is a long one,and details the history of the case veryminutely. and we presume accurately.-As it has been printed, we refer our pro-fessional readers to it for those details.which may serve to throw some light uponthe material parts of the argument of coun-cil. It will be recollected that the causewas re-nanded from the Supreme Court,On acc.'unt of some intermality in the Hillin the Court below, and subsequently therewas ;a decree taken by consent. The par'ties to the consent decree, however, not
emnbr;acing the holders of Bridge Batik hills,they through Yarborough and Shutz are
seeking the discovery and relief. ThisBill aims to reinstate the case. To it, af-ter entering an appearance. the Defendantsby their council demurred alle ging that -:hecomrplainants had not made out such acase as entitled then to a discovery, or a
relief from.the Defendants in a Court oflquiy." The argument below was upouthe demurrer, and as the point was exclu-sively a legal one, it will be seen that thedistinguished council studiously avoidedas far as pnssible, all discussion upon themerits. ifitte demurrer is not sustainedby the Court, the whoula controversy will;again be opened-when to be closed is a
question which .ome Philadelphia Law-yer, more shrewd than his brethren, may,perhaps, hereafter be enabled to- deter-tomte.Thus far, the decision oftthe Courl-has
n.t transpired, nor do we understand- thatit will be, nade known before next week..It is certvi..we rdi te, shalt- Stever
,tlwed i'rest here. The amonnt involved, and the distinguished character of thecouncil on both sides, will doubtlessprompt either party to pursue the matterto the last extr.mity.BATTLES OF TIlE REVOLUTION.Lextigton, April 10, 1773 ; British Major
Pitcairn, loss 273; Atneritcan yeoman-ry loss 84.
Bunker lill. June 1775; British, Lordlowe, loss 1051; American, Col. Pres-cott, loss 453.
Flatbush, August 12. 1775; British, LordHowe, loss '100; American, Putnttnand Sullivan. loss 20t00.
White Plains, Oct. 26, 1776; British,Lord lowe. loss 300 to 400; A meieatGen. Washinutou, loss 300 to 400.
Trenton. Dec. Dec. 23, 1776; Bitish,Gen. RaI, los 1000; American, Gen.Washngton, loss. 9.
Princeton, Jaa. 3. 1777; British Gen.Mlawhood, los-,, 400; Ainetican, Gen.Washington, loss, 100
ilubbardstor, Aug. 7. 1777; British Gen-era's Frazer and Baron Reideset loss,180O; Amertean Cots. Fruncs and WVar-ren, loss, 809).
Benttingtot, Aug. 16, 1777; British, Ge-nerats Baum and hBreyman, toss, 800;Anmericano Getn. St ark, toss, 800.
Bi'andywitne, Sep. 11, 1777; British, LordHlowe. loss, 500; American, GetneralWashington, loss. 1200.
Stillwater, Sept. 17, 1777; Britisth, Gen-era! JBurgoyne, loss 600; Amnorican,Gen. Gates, loss, 350.
Gertmantown, Oct. 4, 1777; British, Gen.Grey, and Col. Musgrave, loss. 600;Atmerican, Gen. Washington, loss. 1200.
Saratoga, Oct. 1777; British, Gen. Bor-goyne surrendered 5752 ien, bis entireArmy, to (Gen. Gates.
Red Hook, Oct. 22. 1777; British, CounmDonop, loss, 500; Atnericuan, ColonelGreetn, toss :32.-
Mlonmiouth, June25, 1778; British, Gen.Clinton, loss. 400 ; Americani, GeneratWVashington, loss, 130.
Rhode Ishtind, Aug 29, 1778 ; British,Geun. Pigott, toss, 260; Atmerican, Gen.Sullivan. loss, 211
Briar 0Creek, March 30. 1778; British,Gen. Prevost, toss, 13 ; American, Gen.Ash, loss 500.
Stony Point, July 15, 1779 ; British, Gen.Johnson, loss 600; America., GeneralWayne, toss 100.
Camden, Aug. 16, 1780; British, LordCornwallis, loss 375; American, Gen.Gates, loss 610.
King's Mountain. Oct. 1, 1780; British,Major Ferguson, loss 95'0, American,Cots. Cleveland, Catmpbelt, and Shel-by, toss, 96.
Cowpents, Jan. 17, 1731; British. Cot.-Tar'eton,loss 800 ; American, Col. Mor-
gatn, loss 72.Guitford C. H., March 12, 1781 ; British,S-Lord Cornwailis, toss 6-23; Amer-ican,, Gn. Green, loss 400.
e. Hobkirk's Hill, April 25, 1781; British,S-Lord Ra'wdon, loss 300 to 400; Amer-idan, Gen. Green, loss 300 to 400.
z- Eurnw Snrina.s Srnt. 8R. 1781; British,
Gen. Stuart, loss 1000; American* GenGreen, loss 550.
Yorktown, Oct. 19. 1781; British. LortCornwallis surrendered 7073 men, hitentire army to Gen. Washington.This last surrender was the final con-
cluson of the Revolutionary war. Thewhole expense of the struggle to ttr Amer-icans. estimated in round numbers, $135,.19,700.-The occasion of peace, as maybe well imagined, was celebrated through-out the country with the most fervent de-nonstrations of joy; and General Wash-
ington, the American Fabus, who 'hadwith such signal ability conducted thisgreat contest to a successful issue, wasunanimously called to preside over thecotncils of the nation.
Provisional articles of peace acknow-ledging the independence, of the U. States,were sinned in Paris, Nov. 30th, 1782, byJohn Adatnst, Benjamin Frankliu, JohnJay, and henry Lauren, on the part ofthe United States, and Mr. Fitzherbertand Mr. Oswald, on the part of GreatBritain. The deloite treaty was signedSeptember 30th, 1783. The confedera-tion of the states, which in time of warhad given to the resolves of congress theforce of law. row that the danger was pas.sed, evinced that its power was inadequateto all the purposes of an efficient govern.ment. It could neither meet: the claimsagainst the United States, provide for thepublic debt, raise a revenue, or harmonizethe jarrina interests of the States. Indeed,the dilliculties which attended the forma-tion of this newv government it is said,though dilerent in kind, was scarcely lessthan those of acuieving its independence.But by a happy concurrence of circutm-Itances, a constitution was at length form.?d and ratified, which has effectually se-:ured the happiness and prosperity of the)eople, and stands as an illustrious pro.ofif the wisdom of the fathers of the revolu-;ion and a model for other nations in thepursuit of freedori.
ARISTA ANUTAYLOt.One of the editors of the N. O. Tropic,
who has just returned from a visit to theRio Grande, presents the following graphicpictures of the Mexican and AmericauCommanding Generals as they were suc-
eessivcly seen tit camp at. Matantoros.--TFhe slr-tches are true to the life, and thecontrast which they liresent is both strongand striking':The contrast of the two commandingGenerals. Taylor and Aris ,i:b
5 tieueron t s nituttts under whichblev lived. There was a semniharharic;plendor associated with Arista's accordingwith the despotistm tf the Mexican govern-Inent. A simtiicity about that oft Taylor'sequally significant of pure Repuhiican in-
.iitutions."The tnarquee of the commandingGeneral of the Mexican forces was bell.shaped, and of great size. The materialof which it was composed, was otntttett-ted tby parti colored stripes, giving it a
holyday nppearancr. Around it werestattoned gaily dressed oflicers who glistened in the sou, and were ever ready to paythe most abject respect to their chief. Ledhorses richly caparisoned slowly paced insight. Protecting its rear, like continuedlabarynthian walls, were arranged theequipage. of the camp. Pack saddles firive hundred mules were tastefully placedfor display. and their lads neat hy, heapedup i- prodig-11 contfusion. To the poorMexican soldier bivouacked in the openair, this wealth seemed a vision of a fairyland, and its conventional possessor, richbeyond their imagination. and powerfulbeyond comparison.Bands of rude music almnost constat;ly
rent the air with their noisy labor. T1htefurniture of the marquee was tich ; thecostly figured chests of the camp were theornatmental furtniture ; upou their topsreposed in ostentation, thte heavy silverservice oft he table, or the elegantly fimished"maps of the campaign." In this arraysat the commnatnding General, surroundedby his numerous stalT-hits clothtes ofgaycolors and laced to vulgar proffusion. Visitsof ceretmony or of business were condutctedwith pomp and needles delays ; long linesof otlicials stared atnd leered, and wereimpudent or cringing, as suited their pur-Poses- 'jest. Music rofled, ashres andmuskets rattled. and the buzz of inflautedgreattness and hollow pretence, was tri-nutphatnt.About a mile above the city of Mat-
amoros, a little distance from the banks ofRio Grande, is to be seen (June 1st.) somestunted and ill-shaded trees, which betndtheir gna'tled and almost leafless litmbsover a group of three or four small tents.only different from those of the commonsoldier in their rear, in this, that they areheterogenously disposed offor shade, in-stead of betng in a line, regardless ofalJelse than military precision. The plaicabout is dotted over with thousand ofients,bafore many of which were artillery, andgroups of men'and soldiers tend over somewaved in triumphant folds otjr natiotaalflags, giving promise of miore importanceand pomp, than the little knot to which wehave particularly alluded. We .wendedour way on towards th'o d'warfish treetthat were distinguished, from b'ein'g'few feet higher than the surroundingbrush, and for the little group of tents thalrested beneath them, for they were pointetout as marking the htead quarters, of'thecommanding General of a triumphanAmerian army.Not the slightest token was visible, tc
mark one tent in the group from anotherthere were no sentinels or any mihttarqparade present; a cbetihhy snbntn child
"beon othe camp;"'was playing nenby in the s,.. tetmporarily:: arrested iits wa, ags-bysoine insect of unusuasize th delving1i tbo dustWe p ted ourself atite-opening a
one the se before which 'was atandinja dragoon orea,- -much need by bareservice.- a camp stool at our leftsat Gene i-,nbusy converealion witia hearty l iing old gentrhqpan,.sitting -
a box, cuiiijned with -an Arkansas blanket, dressE in Attakapas. pautaloons anta linen roa bout, and remarkable for tblight flas eye, a high forehead,:farmer loo d wrough, sud ready" appearance. is hardly necessary for us icsay that thi ersonage was Goneral Taylor,the comm ding hero of two of the masiremarkabl .atles Oa record; and.the manwho, byK' rwness and decision ofchar.actor, has ad lustre upon the Americanarms.There was no pomp about his tqnt ; a
couple of r *gh blue chests served for histable, on w h were. strewn in masterlyconfusion 'mistyof oflicial-lookiug do-cuments;" pet-looking citizen dressedpersonage: ede his appearance uponhearing ' ntfcant call of "Ben,"bearing o. 11: elver. a couple of blackbottles anJ Maing tumblers, arranhedaround an helien pitcher of Rio Grandewater. Th ,refresments were depositedupon a stool aad "we helped ourselves."by invitatio' We oore to the General a
complimonitWgift from some of his fellow-citizens of Orleans, which he declinedreceiving fo 4e'present, giving at the sametime a short but -'hard. sence" lecture onthe impropriety of naming children andplaces afternen before-they were dead,or of his receiing a present for his services--before theeampaign, so far as he wasconcerned, 'as fnished."
With the ighest possible admiration ofthe republi I .simplicity of the mannersand charac't&of General'Taylor, we badehim good da with a higher appreciationof our nativ land, for - possessing Euch aman as a cit en, and of itsinstitutions formoulding su ia character.
Califo ' That Califotnia twill even-tually cot to an integral portion of theJnited Stat .there is every reason ti be
lieve-, from demonstrations wfiich'haeebeen lately; '?. AlMtico .Nslargely iu-debted to th unry, and-as tie stiite ofher finances not -adinit orher panigthe inden 'd t irect.I of her
T - a vgtterritoryrill?. ro ered us in paytnetof those indemnties. The eyes of matnyof the people of this land, have been for along period. steadily directed towards thispoint.-'They have deemed the acquisitionof California, as essential to its, and thepolicy of purchasing it, has been advocatedby many of our leading statesmen.-Ofcourse we are presuming the war withMexico to be ended, and the terms of peaceagreed upon. As regards the conquest ofMexico iti a literal sense, it is we trust, un-
necessary to multiply wotds, as to the pal-pable impropriety of such a step. TheConstitution recognizes ott such principleas is involved in thd matter of conquest.To conquer any foreign country by fi'r'eof American arms, would Ie an act in di-rect violation of the National honor, andcontrary to the spirit of the genius of ourinstitutions. or as has been more forciblyexpressed by a N. Y. Journal, "ireason tothe great cause of freedom."We take it then that this is a settled
point, that no part or portion of Mexico,can come into the possession of this Re-public, save by purchase or concession.In anticipating in accordance with theseviews, the purchase of Calihornia by theUnited States Government, or its concess-ion by bMexico. it will notn he nut of pla.ceto inquire into the advatntages to be reapedby us in either event.
in an able article which appeared somecilme since in the New Orleans Times. wefound man'y items,' or perhaps we shoukiny, notes of infomation relative to Catli-i'ornia. As the notes referred to, wereobitained from high authority, w~e shallembody a fow of them in this article :"In speaking orC -li'foi'nia~a geographtical
distinctio'n most not he lost sight of. Thevast extent of coountry bordering on thePacific, to which the name lhas beer,assignied, is divided by well drawn demnarcations into two parts-Upper Californieatnd Lower Califordia. OTf lower Califor.nia littla teed be said. It comprises'long atnd oarrolv penninsula, stretchin~ibetween the Gulf anid the Pacinec, from the21st to the 33d degree of latitude, with anaverage breadth of abo'ut sixty- milesTravellers universally concur in representing lit as sterile and hopelessly desolate"It consists," says a high authority, "ofchair of volcafloeb,- tree[ie', b'atreni mountains and rock, broken by only still martdreary plains of sand, destitute of streamsswept by fierce totrndoes, of necessit3abandoned, almost entirely to sterility antdesolation."
"k- very large portion of Upper California is nearly valueless. When we readihowever, the western portion, which' lienearest the P'acifte Coain, th'e eye is greeted ivith an aspe-t of natifre, in her love-lest and most attractive farms. Thibeautiful tract of land embraces the wholcountry, drained by the~ waters whiclempty into the Bay of San Francisco.-'1he river S'an Joaquiim;'hich runs60miles and is navigable through inearly iientire eXtenit, irrigares a splendid and spacious valley,::overed with dense foliageand poseessing a soil of unsurpassed rettility
r valley is estimated at 40,000 miles, ori about the size of one of onr largest States.InJ respect to its agricultural capabilities.
those who have explored the region fur-f nigh the most glowing descriptions., Van.
Couver, Farinham and hlumboldt, uniteI in attesting its wonderful advantages. the
richner, of the soil, the luxuriance of itsherbage, its diversified scenery, and the',iildnsss of its climate."A writer in a recent number of the
IAmerican Review;iobserves, "that aliho'agriculture throughout this vast and fertileregioi is of the rudest and mo'st unskillfulcharacter, nearly all kinds of grain havebeen readily raised.
r. farsh,long a resident on the.hanks ofthe Sacramento, informed Mr. Farnhamthat from ten' bushels, he had known tobe harvested a crop of 3,752-the averagryield being from thirty one to fifty bush.els from one that is spwa. Lient. Wilkesplaces the crop at 80 fold. Whether thesestatements he rigidly exact or not, thevdemonstrate a most extraordinary degreeo'f fertility, and prove that; in an agricul-tural point of view, Upper California, pre-sents inducements that are scarcely equalled by the most fruitful sections of theValley of the Mississippi."The population of the country, is about
eighty thousand. .
We have thus the advantages of thishighly favored reginti spread before us.-That these advantages would multiply"ten thousand fold," if the enterprise andindustry of. our people were brought tobear upon them, will be' readily conceded.It is for others to determine when theyshall accrue unto us.
FROM THE ARIIV.The following Proclamation has been
issued by General Taylor, a'td is publishedin both' the English and Spanish lagtiagein the Matam~oras papers:
A PROCLAMATION.BY THE GENERAL COtMUNDING THE ARMYOF THE UNITED STArEs oF AMERIcA.
To the People of Mexico:After many years of patient endurince,
'the United State are t ledggh dn'irain-ed to aclinowledge, that a.war now exists.beteen.ouz governmnentand the, .goven-.ment of. Mexico...,For many yeameogr7citizens have;n subjected to. repeaInsts andjyrie our essels;gnid ear=gos ave bsetus ezd au4coup seated our
out c wige, a withoutreparation. At length your goverotgentacknowledged the justice of our claims,and agreed by trentj to niake datiifaction,by payment of several million of dollars;but tbis treaty has been violated by yourrulers, and tle stipulated payments havebeeu withheld. Our late effort to termi-nate all difficulties by peaceful tiegotia-tion, has been rejected by the DictatorParedes, and our Minister of peace, whomyour rulers had agreed to receive, has beenrefused a hearing. He has been treatedwith indignity and insult, and Paredes hasannounced that war exists between us.-This war, thus first proclaimed by yoiu,has been acknowledged as an' existing factby our President and Congress. with per-fect unanimity, and will be ptosecutedwith vigor and energy against your armyand rulers ; but those of th'e Mexican' peo-ple who remain neutral will not be moles.ted.Your government is in tie hands of ty-
rants and usurpers. They have abolishedyour State governments, they have over-thrown your federai cotstitution', they havedeprived you of the right of suffrage, de-stroyed the libertj of the press, despoiledyou of your arms, arnd reduced you to astatte of absolute dependence upon thiepo~wer of a military Dictator. You'r armjand rulers extort fromn the people by grie-vous taxation, bj Iforced loans',and mil,-tary seizures, the very money wlieii sis'-tains the usu'rpers' in power.. Being dis-armed, you wero left d'efenceless,n eas'yprey to the savago Comanches, wvho notonly destroy your lives and' propeity,, butdrive into captivity, m'ore horrible thtandeath itself, yout wives and children. Itis your' military rulers who h'ave reducedyou to this deplurdble conditionm. It is'thnetyrants, and tht'eir cortupt atnd cruel satel-ites, gorged with the people's treasure bywhom you are thus oppressed and impov-erished, sotme of whotm have holdly advo-cated a' mhn-archical government, andwo'uld place a Europ'ea~n Prince up'on-thethrone of Mexico. We come' to obtainreparation for repeated wrongs and inju-ries; we come to obtaint indemnity for thepast, and security for the future; we cometo onerthrow' the tyrant's who ha've de-stroyed your liberties, but we come tomake no war upon the .Nfexican people,nor upon any form of free government'hey ma'y ::hoose to'solect for themselves.It is our wish to see you liberated fromthe savage Comanehes, to prevent the re-newal of their assaults, a):d to compelthemi to restore co' you from captivity,your long lost wives and children. Yourreligion,- jein- altars and churches, theprop'erty of your'chur'ches and citizens, theemblems of your faith and its' ministers
- shall'be protected, and retnain inviolate.H'd'reds of the army, and hundreds ofthousands of our p'eople, are members ofthe Catholic Church. In every State,and in nearly every city. and village' of
)- our Upion, Catholic Churches exist, ands the Priests perforni',thbiit holy (9mctions.
in peace and security,.under ttie sacred,guarantee of our constitution. We come-among the pieople' of, Mexico as friends.and, republican brethren, and..all, whoe re-cev us~nas such, shall be nroieamed.-whilst
all who are seducedinto'te army oyourDictator, shall be treated as enemiese-shall want from, you nothing, but food tosour, army, and for trisyolishajl iwahe -
paid in'eaab the full value. Ki, a.-tied polidy-of your tyrants to .deceive youiun.regard to'th'epolicy, and character ofour go.vernmedi: and. people. ; Thl'a'ej.-rants ear the example of our freeintita-tions,,aid cnsatanti enavorto -lt' .resent o'rpuiposes, a8 * inspire uhatred for your republcaa' retIzen heAmerigan Union. &liv a's butlbtuni'y ioundeceive jon'd yiIsoilearn that all the representations.oa.-
redes were false,;and were onlyrage-to ~
induce yoi to consent tote establisiienrof a despotic government.In your struggle for lil'erty, witbailaSpanish Monarchy; thusandioot t-trymen risked their: livelrid shed dUieblood in your defence. Our own Oom-modora; the gillant Porter intained itriumph your flag upon. he eourgovernment was.the first.to a -kowt.edge your indepeddepee.,Withpid ad -
pleasure we enrolled yourano o helist of ind.ependeat Repubt ndd -oserely desired! thatyou might in-peacesandprosperity enjoyall. oine bl essi;sof.(rod;overnment. Success itonI parutyouryranos ag thestindoi armmpossible; boi iliy~r.$did auceed tt -
would only. be'to enable, sielii tsilll rourowns with ibeii~soidifli;jitnniunFubstance, and. harrassing you-withesdil
oregrievous taxatio.., Already the -
anve abolished the Ill eityof 'he Ppes.-is the irsi step towards the introductiofJhat Monarch, w~hich i't is.their rea10puid tmu s t rocdia'tain establish'Mexicans, we neiu reat, is
aid dy,throw the tyreataaw eneeave wronged and sulted .gs.iave.>rived you of your aborife;tban people, who remain Dentat it ht 0he contesi,shall bepodteetedagainst dz :^"nilitary. despots, by the. e''nblian4y", "Aif the Umn- . Z.JAY* rev.Maj.Gal. .s ne -
Ti latE News fromMeferredo io our last pare" ye;Usti coniiidurioqj Mrceived ad -n e
o:Pensaagla by11wsia4pt "
iit aearr r te''ildce1e m1
he P1 oor ruberlavur"310*ta ,
ci l .Wit, (46.era t regy.WJ r ,
enemy thy snecee'de wiThoutthe loso(a man, and only dedouddea. bjasepnt.al.. 'theT Mexicans fost three killed and
ight or nine iwooled.:T6e Mississippi was bobe kept at VeraDruz,to enforce the blockade. The Princi-on left for Pensucofa with despatches.The corresporident of. the. Mobile Tri-)une, dated Pensasola, July 20, says:" Pesident Paredess still in-the city ofMexico. The papere say the citizens
re asking why he does not tdke command.f the army of the North, as Congress hasiven Rini permission to do. The imps-non is, assoonas be4 leavos the city hisIovernment will cease to exist, It wasaidan effort to effect a change was tohave taken place 6p the 5th inst. Theoverntment got wind 't it and called inill the troops, who were under arms allright.-The citfiens feigtded astonishmentt the caO'se:4Theakiu'adoron are at Vera.Druz. The brig Perry has been sent oaCape Antonio after privateers said to be-in that Vicinity."Anuthei correIpondent of th: Heraldint Tribu'e; dated Vera Cruz, July 14,says
" [t is'th'e frnp'ression ofour Oommodresr.t~hat the Siexin a sit hold out much~longer. They are doing nothing towaidsP~rosecu'ting thle .wat--a'nd Paredes darenot leave the City of Aleiico. An insurirection ufas ekpected there on the 5th inst.;and all the troops sere calleqd out andkept under arms' all night. Congress is>stiil in sdssion, lyut is d'oinig nothing. It.has pass'ed a decree h'o'wever, authorizingParedei to pro'secofe th4' war, b'ut has fur--niished him no means of' doing so. Thefact is, Congress cannot' devise the way torae th'e "wayl and means." Tm,however, wvill soon' sh'dw whb'at is to be~done.S"The frigate Raritai .will follow the'
Princeton to Pensadola; in af.ew days.'Slie h'as about eight on the sick liet, i hthre scurty. Several sicli'oiesfrom'th'o'squadron go uly in* th'e Priziceto."
Trophies-The Rlouse i Reprienia-'lives hlmsefo'pleg a resolution aut'horizingthe Presid'ent of the OTnited S'tales locamemedals from thp trophiesef Palo Alto siidResaca de Ia Patnk to be ma'di anldis-tributed among th'e soldiers' en'gaged ithese battles.
Acaamilated PropeTy.-ThreosJhof all the houses aldstores'inNie oeity, are the property of' three or four tiin<among whom is Louis PA'illippe hing- ofJthe Frenck. All B'ostoh' belongs to scarge-.ly a dozen families. Seven-eighh'oftiocity of I7et'roit aye oacned'hy twvo or threlandlords, anid'iraseJ to raultitudos of Jo.7nants. ,
Cinient fo? Joinii Sths-Tm~~parts of the.cIean river saisi, wjth j.sparts of lithraige and onet ohqk.Iltebigaiixed twith linseed oil to the pIkgence of putty, is said ton be: an oeeln' -cement forjotning pieces of ale.w~~bke off foytngeepiesobu becomes nearly as hatd naaaie
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