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PICTURE

START

“The Cone is a visual analogy, and like all

analogies, it does not bear an exact and detailed

relationship to complex elements it represents.”

- Edgar Dale -

Given 11 randomized bands of the Cone of Experience, arrange the jumbled bands

in order inside a cone according to the degree of

abstraction.

Direct Purposeful Experiences

Dramatized Experiences

Contrived Experiences

Visual Symbols

Verbal Symbols

Demonstrations

Study Trips

Educational Television

Exhibits

Recordings: Radio, Still Pictures

Motion Pictures

EDGAR DALE’S: THE CONE OF EXPERIENCE

Verbal Symbols

Visual Symbols

Recordings, Radio, Still Pictures

Motion Pictures

Educational Television

Exhibits

Study Trips

Demonstrations

Dramatized Experiences

Contrived Experiences

Direct Purposeful Experiences

First hand experience that serve as the foundation of

learning.

Learning by doing.

Direct Purposeful Experiences

We make use of a representative models or

mock ups of reality for practical reasons.

Contrived Experiences

By dramatization, we can participate in a

reconstructed experience even though the original

event is far removed from us in time.

Dramatized Experiences

A visualized explanation of an important fact, idea,

or process by the use of photographs, drawings,

films, displays, or guided motion.

Demonstrations

Excursions or visits conducted to observe an event that is unavailable

inside the classroom.

Study Trips

Displays to be seen by spectators.

Exhibits

Reconstruct reality of the past so effectively.

Television & Motion Pictures

These are visual and auditory devices may be

used by individual or group.

Recordings, Radio, Still Pictures

No longer realistic reproduction of physical

things for these are highly abstract representation.

Charts, graphs, maps, diagram

Visual Symbols

These are not like object or ideas for which they stand. They usually do

not contain a visual clues to their meaning.

Verbal Symbols

What are the implications of the

cone of experience in the teaching learning

process?

Do not use only one medium of

communication. Do not proceed with the

abstract without adequate foundation of

the concrete.

Don’t get stuck with the concrete. Let us strive to bring our students to the

symbolic abstract level to develop their higher

thinking skills.

Small Group Work

If you teach a lesson on the meaning of ½, 1/3, and ¼

how will you proceed if you follow the pattern in Dale’s

Cone of Experience beginning with the

concrete moving toward the abstract.

Making Connection

How does the dictum in philosophy “there is

nothing in mind that was not first in the senses”

relate what you learned from the cone of

experience?

Alfred North Whitehead said: “In the Garden of Eden, Adam

saw the animals before he named them. In the traditional

system, children name the animals before they see

them.” How would you relate this remark to the Cone of

Experience?