Form 2, Chap 04: Interdependence Among Living Organisms and the Environment (3)
Ecosystems - · PDF fileAnalyze the interdependence of living organisms within ... among...
Transcript of Ecosystems - · PDF fileAnalyze the interdependence of living organisms within ... among...
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Essential Standard 2.1 Analyze the interdependence of living organisms within
their environments.
Ecosystems
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On Earth, all living things live within the Biosphere, which includes parts of the atmosphere, hydrosphere,
and lithosphere that are able to support life.
Biosphere
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Ecology is the study of interactions
among living things with the living and
non-living parts of their environment.
Ecology
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The non-living parts of
an organism’s
environment are
called abiotic factors.
The living parts of an
organism’s
environment are
called biotic factors.
Abiotic and Biotic Factors
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Abiotic Determines Biotic Factors
Abiotic factors determine what biotic factors, or
living things, can survive in a particular
environment.
Clear, warm water that allows sunlight to penetrate.
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All biotic and abiotic factors, in any particular
environment, make up an ecosystem.
Coral Reef Ecosystem
Ecosystem
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Within an ecosystem, the biotic factors, which
would include all of the different species, make
up a community.
Community
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Within the community, one individual species
makes up what is called a population.
Clownfish
Population
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Within a population, one individual, that
has all the characteristics of life, is called
an organism.
Nemo
Organism
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Levels of Organization
Ecosystem
Community
Population
Organism
Living and Non-living factors
Just the Living factors
Just one species
Just one individual
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Tolerance Every species has its own range of tolerance in
which it can survive and reproduce
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Habitat A species tolerance levels help determine its
habitat or where an organism lives
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Salinity Range
Average Ocean Salinity
3.5% Gunnison Bay
Gilbert Bay
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Dunaliella Salina
Halobacterium salinarum
Biotic Factors
Gunnison Bay
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Biotic Factors in Gilbert Bay
Cyanobacteria
Producers Free-Floating Phytoplankton Dunaliella veridis
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Brine Flies
Ephydra cinerea
Primary Consumers
Biotic Factors in Gilbert Bay
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Brine Shrimp
Artemia franciscana
Male
Female
Primary Consumers
Biotic Factors in Gilbert Bay
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Secondary
Consumers
Avocet Gull
Biotic Factors in Gilbert Bay
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Niche Each species has its own niche, within an
ecosystem, or a way to meets its need for
food, shelter, survival, and reproduction.
The more unique a
species niche is, the
less competition it
faces within a
community.
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Keystone Species Some species, called keystone species, play a
critical role in maintaining the health of an
ecosystem.
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The End