Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy,...

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Ecosystem Ecology

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Transcript of Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy,...

Page 1: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Ecosystem Ecology

Page 2: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

“organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.”

Ecosystem Ecology is

Page 3: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

“organisms in the ecosystem

regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and

the cycling of chemicals.”

Ecosystem Ecology is

Page 4: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Ecosphere

a closed system

Page 5: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Energy

Page 6: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Nutrients

(Chemicals)

Page 7: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Food Chains

Page 8: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Producers

Page 9: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Food Chains

Page 10: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Herbivore

Primary consumer

Page 11: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Food Chains

Page 12: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

CarnivoreSecondary Consumer

Page 13: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Omnivore

Page 14: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Food Web

Page 15: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Food Web

Page 16: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.
Page 17: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Nutrients

(Chemicals)

Page 18: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Food Chain

Page 19: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.
Page 20: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

No such thing as a free lunch …

… and no lunch goes uneaten

Page 21: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Detritus

Page 22: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Detritivores

Page 23: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Decomposers (detritivores)

Page 24: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.
Page 25: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Nutrients Cycle

Food chain

Page 26: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Energy

Page 27: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Lightenergy

Carbondioxide

Water

Photo-synthesis Glucose Oxygen

gas

Energy is stored in organic molecules during photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

Page 28: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Stored energy can be released

Page 29: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Where does the energy go?

Page 30: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Energy Input

Page 31: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Energy Loss

Page 32: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.
Page 33: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Food Chain Energy Flow

Page 34: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Food Chain Numbers

Page 35: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Primary production NOT based on solar energy

Galapagos Vent Community

Page 36: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Productivity

Page 37: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Coos Bay, Oregon

Salt Marsh

Page 38: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Tundra

Page 39: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Death Valley

Desert

Page 40: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Tropical Rain Forest

Page 41: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Primary Production

Page 42: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Biomass

Page 43: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Water Cycle

Page 44: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Transpiration

Page 45: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Water Cycle disrupted

Page 46: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Carbon Cycle

Page 47: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Global ClimateChange

Page 48: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Fossil Fuels

natural gasoil

coal

Page 49: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Carboniferous Period (354-290 mya)

Page 50: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Greenhouse Effect

Page 51: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Nitrogen Cycle

Page 52: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Nitrogen Cycle

Page 53: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Phosphorus Cycle

Page 54: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Wetlands

Page 55: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Distrurbed ecosystem…

disrupted cycles

Page 56: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Biomes

Page 57: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.
Page 58: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Sunlight strikes the Earth

Page 59: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.
Page 60: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

It rains in the tropics --- lots.

Brazil

Page 61: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Movements of Air masses

falling air

rising air

rising air

falling air

Page 62: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Great deserts at around 30 degrees North and South

Egypt

Arizona

Page 63: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Movements of Air masses

falling air

rising air

rising air

falling air

Page 64: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

1000 m up in elevation

6 degrees C drop in temperature

Elevation and Temperature

Page 65: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Albuquerquesame

elevation

725 km north

Denver

Elevation and Temperature

Page 66: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Elevation and Temperature

Page 67: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Latitude and Temperature

Page 68: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Latitude

Elevation

Page 69: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

South Facing slope

North Facing Slope

Page 70: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Rain Shadow

Page 71: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Rain shadow

xeric face

mesic face

Sandia Mountains, northern New Mexico

Page 72: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 73: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Northern New Mexico

Semiarid Grassland

Page 74: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Pinon-Juniper scrub land

Page 75: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 76: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Tropical Rain Forest

Page 77: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Tropical Rain Forest

Page 78: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Forest canopy, Peru

Tropical Rain Forest

Page 79: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Slash and burn

Tropical Rain Forest

Page 80: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 81: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Savanna

Page 82: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Kenya

Savanna

Page 83: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 84: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Sonoran Desert, Arizona

Desert

Page 85: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 86: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Temperate Grasslands

Page 87: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 88: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Page 89: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 90: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Taiga – Coniferous Forest

Page 91: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 92: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

San Juan Wilderness area, Colorado

Alpine Tundra

Mount Rainier, Washington

Page 93: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWAR)

Arctic Tundra

Page 94: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

John Torrington, d. 1846

Permafrost

Page 95: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

World Biomes

Page 96: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Distribution of Chaparral Biome

Page 97: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Southern California Coastal Chaparral

Page 98: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Mediterranean Chaparral

Spain

Page 99: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Oceans

Page 100: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Ocean Currents

Page 101: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Upwellings

Page 102: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Shallow Oceans

Page 103: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Intertidal Zone

Page 104: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Estuary

Page 105: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Coral Reef

Page 106: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Open ocean

Page 107: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Deep Ocean

Page 108: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Freshwaters

Page 109: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Lake Baikal, Siberia, Russia

Kiamichi River, Oklahoma

Page 110: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Oligotrophic

Page 111: Ecosystem Ecology. “organisms in the ecosystem regulating the capture and expenditure of energy, and the cycling of chemicals.” Ecosystem Ecology is.

Eutrophic


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