Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study...
-
Upload
earl-daniels -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
1
Transcript of Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study...
![Page 1: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ecology
…the study of how organisms interact with each other and their
environments
…the study of ……..OUR house…..
![Page 2: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ENERGY FLOWS
MATTER CYCLES
FACTORS INTERACT
![Page 3: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ENERGY FLOWS
![Page 4: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Trophic Levels• Energy moves from one
organism to another when it is eaten
• Each step in this transfer of energy is know as a trophic level
• The main trophic levels are producers, consumers, and decomposers
![Page 5: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
When energy flows as organic
matter through the trophic
levels of an ecosystem, MUCH
of it is LOST at each link in a
food chain.
Why?CLUE
When you burn energy to run a mile in gym where does that energy come from?
![Page 8: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Transfer of Energy• When a zebra eats the grass, it does
not incorporate all of the energy the grass has into its body (much of it is not digested and used for energy to live)
![Page 9: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Transfer of Energy• When a lion eats a zebra, it
does not keep all of the energy from the zebra in its body….
![Page 10: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Plant material eaten by
caterpillar100 kilocalories (kcal)
50 kcalFeces
15 kcal
Growth
35 kcalCellular respiration
Does all the energy this caterpillar eats get passed to the bird who eats him?
![Page 11: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Transfer of Energy• No organism EVER keeps all of
the energy from the organism they just ate
• Only ~10% of the energy from one trophic level is really transferred to the next – this is called the 10% law
![Page 13: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Ecological Pyramid• An ecological pyramid shows
the relationship between organisms different trophic levels in an ecosystem
• Shows the relative amounts of energy or matter and number of organisms contained at each trophic level
![Page 16: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Ecological Pyramid
![Page 17: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Biomass• The total mass of the organic
matter at each trophic level is called biomass
• Biomass is just another term for potential energy – energy that has yet to be eaten and used.
![Page 19: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Decomposers:What is a decomposer and what do they
do? What trophic level would you put them at?
– Derive their energy from the dead material left by all trophic levels
– Are often left off of most pyramids and food chain diagrams
![Page 21: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Ecological Pyramid
• Which level has the most energy?• Which level has the most
organisms?• Which level has the least
organisms?• Which level has the least energy?
![Page 22: Ecology …the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environments …the study of …….. OUR house…..](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022102818/56649e115503460f94afc739/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)