Ecology, Evolution and Diversity

General Biology I

The two hour version

Part 3

The Biosphere

Apollo 8 – Christmas 1968

Biomes

Brazil

Arizona

Elevation and Temperature

Latitude and Temperature

Latitude

Elevation

Albuquerque

Denver

Elevation and Temperature

Latitude and Temperature

World Biomes

Southern California Coastal Chaparral

Distribution of Chaparral Biome

Mediterranean Chaparral

Spain

France

African Chaparral

Cape Town

South American Chaparral

Chile

World Biomes

Tropical Rain Forest

Tropical Rain Forest

Slash and burn

Tropical Rain Forest

World Biomes

Savanna

Kenya

Savanna

World Biomes

Sonoran Desert, Arizona

Desert

World Biomes

Temperate Grasslands

World Biomes

Taiga – Coniferous Forest

World Biomes

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWAR)

Arctic Tundra

San Juan Wilderness area, Colorado

Alpine Tundra

Mount Rainier, Washington

Oceans

Ocean Currents

Upwellings

Shallow Oceans

Intertidal Zone

Estuary

Open ocean

Deep Ocean

Freshwaters

Lake Baikal, Siberia, Russia

Kiamichi River, Oklahoma

Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975)

“Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution”

Evolution

Evolution

Any change in the genetic make-up of a population through time

A natural process……

Some background and history….

Evolution

Biology – 1500-1700s

Geology/Geography 1500-1700s

“Let it not suffice to be book-learned, to read what others have written and to take upon trust more falsehood than truth, but let us ourselves examine things as we have opportunity, and converse with Nature as well as with books.”

John Ray -- 1691(1627-1705)

Natural History

Fixed species in an unchanging world

An ever changing world running on natural laws

Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829)

Georges Cuvier (1769-1832)Biology

James Hutton (1737-1823)

Charles Lyell (1797-1875)

Geology

Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

Voyage of the HMS Beagle1831-1836

Voyage of the HMS Beagle

Beagle Channel, Patagonia

Voyage of the HMS Beagle

Galapagos Islands

1845

Voyage of the HMS Beagle

Voyage of the HMS Beagle

Darwin House --- south of London